Download or read book Rome and the Invention of the Papacy written by Rosamond McKitterick and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-06-25 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The remarkable, and permanently influential, papal history known as the Liber pontificalis shaped perceptions and the memory of Rome, the popes, and the many-layered past of both city and papacy within western Europe. Rosamond McKitterick offers a new analysis of this extraordinary combination of historical reconstruction, deliberate selection and political use of fiction, to illuminate the history of the early popes and their relationship with Rome. She examines the content, context, and transmission of the text, and the complex relationships between the reality, representation, and reception of authority that it reflects. The Liber pontificalis presented Rome as a holy city of Christian saints and martyrs, as the bishops of Rome established their visible power in buildings, and it articulated the popes' spiritual and ministerial role, accommodated within their Roman imperial inheritance. Drawing on wide-ranging and interdisciplinary international research, Rome and the Invention of the Papacy offers pioneering insights into the evolution of this extraordinary source, and its significance for the history of early medieval Europe.
Download or read book Inventing the modern region written by Talitha Ilacqua and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 2024-03-12 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the process by which the French Basque country acquired a folkloric regional identity in the long nineteenth century. It argues that, despite its origins in pre-modern customs, this stereotypical identity was invented as part of France’s process of nation-building. The abolition of privileges in 1789 prompted a new interest in local culture as the defining feature of provincial France, shaping the transition from the pre-‘modern’ province to the ‘modern’ region. The relationship between the region and the nation, however, was difficult. Regional culture favoured the integration of the French Basque provinces into the French nation-state but also challenged the authority of the central state. As a result, Basque region-building reveals the strengths and weaknesses of the unitary model of French nationhood, in the nineteenth century as well as today.
Download or read book Inventing the Electronic Century written by Alfred Dupont CHANDLER and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consumer electronics and computers redefined life and work in the twentieth century. In Inventing the Electronic Century, Pulitzer Prize-winning business historian Alfred D. Chandler, Jr., traces their origins and worldwide development. This masterful analysis is essential reading for every manager and student of technology.
Download or read book Cliometrics of the Family written by Claude Diebolt and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-31 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This contributed volume applies cliometric methods to the study of family and households in order to derive global patterns and determine their impact on economic development. Family and households are a fundamental feature of societies and economies. They are found throughout history and are the place where key decisions on fertility, labour force participation, education, consumption are made. This is especially relevant for the position of women. The book gathers key insights from a variety of fields – economics, history, demography, anthropology, biology – to shed light on the relation between family organisation and the long-term process of economic development.
Download or read book Visser s Annotated European Patent Convention 2019 Edition written by Derk Visser and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2019-12-17 with total page 1357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book Visser’s Annotated European Patent Convention is a commentary on the European Patent Convention and a bestseller in European patent law. Each year a new, updated edition of the book is published and available in paperback form. The 2019 edition of this preeminent work – the only regularly updated authoritative article-by-article commentary in English on the European Patent Convention (EPC), its implementing regulations, and associated case law – provides the complete text of the 2000 Convention annotated with commentary and expert guidance on the interpretation of each paragraph. Since its first edition in 1994 it has provided the European patent community with the necessary insights to practice successfully before the European Patent Office. The EPO recommends the Visser’s Annotated European Patent Convention as the first book in its list of non-EPO/WIPO literature to be used for the preparation of the European qualifying examination. In addition to a thorough updating of developments, new material in this edition includes the following: New Rules of Procedure of the Boards of Appeal; New EPO Guidelines that enter into force on 01.11.2019; The references to Guidelines 2018 are kept for the eqe 2020 candidates.
Download or read book Cohesion and Growth written by Willem Molle and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-05-15 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To combat economic disparity and low growth, the European Union has established an integrated policy system that pursues increased cohesion and smart, sustainable, and inclusive growth. This integrated approach is realized through thousands of development projects and takes up more than a third of the total budget of the European Union. Despite its significance, the policy is subject to many misunderstandings and there is a lot of controversy surrounding its effectiveness. Cohesion and Growth seeks to bring clarity to these issues. It presents both the theoretical and practical aspects of EU intervention, a critical contribution to the understanding of the anatomy of the problems and the way to apply effective solutions to them, and a systematic view of the issues at each of the subsequent stages of the whole policy cycle. Offering an authoritative analysis of the problems and debates involved, this book is essential reading for students, policy makers, project promoters and researchers concerned with this key area of European policy making.
Download or read book Plural Identities Singular Narratives written by Máiréad Nic Craith and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2002-02-01 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Northern Ireland is frequently characterized in terms of a "two traditions" paradigm, representing the conflict as being between two discrete cultures. Proceeding from an analysis of the historical and religious context, this study demonstrates the reductionist nature of the "two traditions" model, highlighting instead the complexity of ethnic identities and cultural traditions. It thus shows why attempts at reconciliation like the Good Friday Agreement of 1998, which seeks to promote the concept of a "parity of esteem" based on this identity model., are fraught with difficulties. Reflecting on the applicability of the concept of multiculturalism in the context of Northern Ireland, the author proposes a re-conceptualisation of Northern Irish culture along lines that steer clear of binary oppositions. From the Contents: 'Webs of Significance'; Dis-membering the Past; Divided by Common Cosmologies; A Discourse in Difference; The Process if 'Cruthinitude'; Un Unclaimed Tradition; Ethnic Nationality; The 'Fuzzy Frontier'; The 'Common Ground'
Download or read book Inventing Ideas written by B. Zorina Khan and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This books shows how and why the ideas of creative individuals promote progress. The insights are based on original archival research regarding over one hundred thousand inventors, patented inventions, and innovation prizes in Europe and the United States during industrialization. This systematic empirical analysis across time and place and institutions provides an extensive microfoundation for understanding technological change and long-run macroeconomic growth. British and French policies favoured "administered innovation systems," in which elites, administrators or panels made key economic decisions about inducement prizes, rewards and the allocation of resources. European institutions generated returns that were misaligned with economic value and productivity, and perpetuated socioeconomic inequality. Europe fell behind when the negative consequences of such top-down administered systems accumulated and reduced comparative advantage. The modern knowledge economy emerged when, for the first time in world history, an intellectual property clause was included in a national Constitution, in the United States. This strong endorsement for open-access property rights and unfettered markets in ideas reflected a revolution in thinking about the sources of creativity and technical progress. U.S. global industrial ascendancy was a direct outcome of its decentralized market-oriented institutions, which fostered diversity in ideas and innovations, the diffusion of information and disruptive technologies, and sustained endogenous growth"--
Download or read book Compiler Construction written by Görel Hedin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-03-14 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Compiler Construction, CC 2003, held in Warsaw, Poland, in April 2003. The 20 revised full regular papers and one tool demonstration paper presented together with two invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 83 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on register allocation, language constructs and their implementation, type analysis, Java, pot pourri, and optimization.
Download or read book Readers Guide to Periodical Literature written by and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Invention of Scarcity written by Deborah Valenze and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2023-01-01 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A radical new reading of eighteenth-century British theorist Thomas Robert Malthus, which recovers diverse ideas about subsistence production and environments later eclipsed by classical economics With the publication of Essay on the Principle of Population and its projection of food shortages in the face of ballooning populations, British theorist Thomas Robert Malthus secured a leading role in modern political and economic thought. In this startling new interpretation, Deborah Valenze reveals how canonical readings of Malthus fail to acknowledge his narrow understanding of what constitutes food production. Valenze returns to the eighteenth-century contexts that generated his arguments, showing how Malthus mobilized a redemptive narrative of British historical development and dismissed the varied ways that people adapted to the challenges of subsistence needs. She uses history, anthropology, food studies, and animal studies to redirect our attention to the margins of Malthus's essay, where activities such as hunting, gathering, herding, and gardening were rendered extraneous. She demonstrates how Malthus's omissions and his subsequent canonization provided a rationale for colonial imposition of British agricultural models, regardless of environmental diversity. By broadening our conception of human livelihoods, Valenze suggests pathways to resistance against the hegemony of Malthusian political economy. The Invention of Scarcity invites us to imagine a world where monoculture is in retreat and the margins are recentered as spaces of experimentation, nimbleness, and human flourishing.
Download or read book Engineering written by and published by . This book was released on 1915 with total page 922 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Memory and History in Estonian Post Soviet Life Stories written by Ene Kõresaar and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Invention and the Patent System written by S. Colum Gilfillan and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anyone who writes verse, whether lyric poet, songwriter or composer of limericks or jingles, will find The Penguin Rhyming Dictionary an indispensable reference companion. Clearly arranged and easy to use, it offers an astonishingly wide range of suggestions for rhyming words, from the common and everyday to the more difficult and obscure. Unlike many of its predecessors it is not merely organized according to the spelling of words but is based on phonetic principles. Hence, rhymes such as trite, indict, and Fahrenheit, can be found together in the one group whereas words such as bough, cough and rough are not falsely forced together.
Download or read book Why Did Europe Conquer the World written by Philip T. Hoffman and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2017-01-24 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The startling economic and political answers behind Europe's historical dominance Between 1492 and 1914, Europeans conquered 84 percent of the globe. But why did Europe establish global dominance, when for centuries the Chinese, Japanese, Ottomans, and South Asians were far more advanced? In Why Did Europe Conquer the World?, Philip Hoffman demonstrates that conventional explanations—such as geography, epidemic disease, and the Industrial Revolution—fail to provide answers. Arguing instead for the pivotal role of economic and political history, Hoffman shows that if certain variables had been different, Europe would have been eclipsed, and another power could have become master of the world. Hoffman sheds light on the two millennia of economic, political, and historical changes that set European states on a distinctive path of development, military rivalry, and war. This resulted in astonishingly rapid growth in Europe's military sector, and produced an insurmountable lead in gunpowder technology. The consequences determined which states established colonial empires or ran the slave trade, and even which economies were the first to industrialize. Debunking traditional arguments, Why Did Europe Conquer the World? reveals the startling reasons behind Europe's historic global supremacy.
Download or read book The Standard Pronouncing Dictionary of the French and English Languages written by Alexander Spiers and published by . This book was released on 1890 with total page 996 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Universal Critical and Pronouncing Dictionary of the English Language Including Scientific Terms written by and published by . This book was released on 1863 with total page 1048 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
