Download or read book Knowledge Representation and Metaphor written by E. Cornell Way and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This series will include monographs and collections of studies devoted to the investigation and exploration of knowledge, information, and data processing systems of all kinds, no matter whether human, (other) animal, or machine. Its scope is intended to span the full range of interests from classical problems in the philosophy of mind and philosophical psychol ogy through issues in cognitive psychology and sociobiology (concerning the mental capabilities of other species) to ideas related to artificial intelligence and computer science. While primary emphasis will be placed upon theoretical, conceptual, and epistemological aspects of these problems and domains, empirical, experimental, and methodological studies will also appear from time to time. The problems posed by metaphor and analogy are among the most challenging that confront the field of knowledge representation. In this study, Eileen Way has drawn upon the combined resources of philosophy, psychology, and computer science in developing a systematic and illuminating theoretical framework for understanding metaphors and analogies. While her work provides solutions to difficult problems of knowledge representation, it goes much further by investigating some of the most important philosophical assumptions that prevail within artificial intelligence today. By exposing the limitations inherent in the assumption that languages are both literal and truth-functional, she has advanced our grasp of the nature of language itself. J.R.F.
Download or read book Metaphor and Artificial Intelligence written by John A. Barnden and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special issue arose out of a symposium on metaphor and artificial intelligence in which the main orientation was computational models and psychological processing models of metaphorical understanding. The papers in this issue discuss: *implemented computational systems for handling different aspects of metaphor understanding; *how metaphor can be accommodated in accepted logical representational frameworks; *psychological processes involved in metaphor understanding; and *the cross-linguistic cognitive reality of conceptual metaphors.
Download or read book Knowledge Representation and Metaphor written by Eileen Cornell Way and published by Intellect Books. This book was released on 1994 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an analysis of the philosophical assumptions and implications of current artificial intelligence (AI) representation schemes, particularly those dealing with the underlying cognitive processes of language. The work attacks the traditional, logic-based view of language and knowledge representation and argues that cognitive mechanisms provide a better model for structuring knowledge that that of first-order logic. The author explains her dynamic type hierarchy theory, a new approach to metaphor, language and knowledge representation.
Download or read book Metaphor and Cognition written by B. Indurkhya and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many metaphors go beyond pionting to the existing similarities between two objects -- they create the similarities. Such metaphors, which have been relegated to the back seat in most of the cognitive science research, are the focus of attention in this study, which addresses the creation of similarity within an elaborately laid out interactive framework of cognition. Starting from the constructivist views of Nelson Goodman and Jean Piaget, this framework resolves an apparent paradox in interactionism: how can reality not have a mind-independent ontology and structure, but still manage to constrain the possible worlds a cognitive agent can create in it? A comprehensive theory of metaphor is proposed in this framework that explains how metaphors can create similarities, and why such metaphors are an invaluable asset to cognition. The framework is then applied to related issues of analogical reasoning, induction, and computational modeling of creative metaphors.
Download or read book A Computational Model of Metaphor Interpretation written by James H. Martin and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metaphor written by Tony Veale and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The literary imagination may take flight on the wings of metaphor, but hard-headed scientists are just as likely as doe-eyed poets to reach for a metaphor when the descriptive need arises. Metaphor is a pervasive aspect of every genre of text and every register of speech, and is as useful for describing the inner workings of a "black hole" (itself a metaphor) as it is the affairs of the human heart. The ubiquity of metaphor in natural language thus poses a significant challenge for Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems and their builders, who cannot afford to wait until the problems of literal language have been solved before turning their attention to figurative phenomena. This book offers a comprehensive approach to the computational treatment of metaphor and its figurative brethren—including simile, analogy, and conceptual blending—that does not shy away from their important cognitive and philosophical dimensions. Veale, Shutova, and Beigman Klebanov approach metaphor from multiple computational perspectives, providing coverage of both symbolic and statistical approaches to interpretation and paraphrase generation, while also considering key contributions from philosophy on what constitutes the "meaning" of a metaphor. This book also surveys available metaphor corpora and discusses protocols for metaphor annotation. Any reader with an interest in metaphor, from beginning researchers to seasoned scholars, will find this book to be an invaluable guide to what is a fascinating linguistic phenomenon.
Download or read book Metaphor and Metonymy in the Digital Age written by Marianna Bolognesi and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2019-08-06 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes methods, risks, and challenges involved in the construction of metaphor and metonymy digital repositories. The first part of this volume showcases established and new projects around the world in which metaphors and metonymies are harvested and classified. The second part provides a series of cognitive linguistic studies focused on highlighting and discussing theoretical and methodological risks and challenges involved in building these digital resources. The volume is a result of an interdisciplinary collaboration between cognitive linguists, psychologists, and computational scientists supporting an overarching idea that metaphor and metonymy play a central role in human cognition, and that they are deeply entrenched in recurring patterns of bodily experience. Throughout the volume, a variety of methods are proposed to collect and analyze both conceptual metaphors and metonymies and their linguistic and visual expressions.
Download or read book Conceptual Structures for Knowledge Creation and Communication written by Aldo de Moor and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-07-09 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Conceptual Structures, ICCS 2003, held in Dresden, Germany in July 2003. The 23 revised full papers presented together with 5 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected for presentation. The papers are organized in topical sections on the many facets of conceptual structures, logical and linguistic aspects, conceptual representation of time and space, deepening the formal theory and applications of conceptual structures.
Download or read book From a Metaphorical Point of View written by Zdravko Radman and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 1995 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Metaphor written by and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1985-01-01 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the present bibliography is to provide the student of metaphor with an up-to-date and comprehensive (albeit not exhaustive) overview of recent publications dealing with various aspects of metaphor in a variety of disciplines. Where the emphasis is primarily on specific works about metaphor, mainly in philosophy, linguistics, and psychology, the list has been supplemented with references to studies where metaphor is explicitly recognized as an instrument of research or analysis (e.g., in literature, or in the elaboration of scientific and religious models) or where its use is illustrated.
Download or read book The Cambridge Handbook of Metaphor and Thought written by Raymond W. Gibbs, Jr. and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-09-22 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive collection of essays in multidisciplinary metaphor scholarship that has been written in response to the growing interest among scholars and students from a variety of disciplines such as linguistics, philosophy, anthropology, music and psychology. These essays explore the significance of metaphor in language, thought, culture and artistic expression. There are five main themes of the book: the roots of metaphor, metaphor understanding, metaphor in language and culture, metaphor in reasoning and feeling, and metaphor in non-verbal expression. Contributors come from a variety of academic disciplines, including psychology, linguistics, philosophy, cognitive science, literature, education, music, and law.
Download or read book Challenges in Knowledge Representation and Organization for the 21st Century written by Mariá J. López-Huertas and published by Ergon Verlag. This book was released on 2002 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains the proceedings of the Seventh International ISKO Conference, 10-13 July 2002 in Granada, Spain.
Download or read book Aspects of Metaphor written by Jaakko Hintikka and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metaphor is one of the most frequently evoked but at the same time most poorly understood concepts in philosophy and literary theory. In recent years, several interesting approaches to metaphor have been presented or outlined. In this volume, authors of some of the most important new approaches re-present their views or illustrate them by means of applications, thus allowing the reader to survey some of the prominent ongoing developments in this field. These authors include Robert Fogelin, Susan Haack, Jaakko Hintikka (with Gabriel Sandu), Bipin Indurkhya and Eva Kittay (with Eric Steinhart). Their stance is in the main constructive rather than critical; but frequent comparisons of different views further facilitate the reader's overview. In the other contributions, metaphor is related to the problems of visual representation (Noël Carroll), to the open class test (Avishai Margalit and Naomi Goldblum) as well as to Wittgenstein's idea of 'a way of life' (E.M. Zemach).
Download or read book The Routledge Encyclopedia of the Chinese Language written by Sin-Wai Chan and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 1085 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge Encyclopedia of the Chinese Language is an invaluable resource for language learners and linguists of Chinese worldwide, those interested readers of Chinese literature and cultures, and scholars in Chinese studies. Featuring the research on the changing landscape of the Chinese language by a number of eminent academics in the field, this volume will meet the academic, linguistic and pedagogical needs of anyone interested in the Chinese language: from Sinologists to Chinese linguists, as well as teachers and learners of Chinese as a second language. The encyclopedia explores a range of topics: from research on oracle bone and bronze inscriptions, to Chinese language acquisition, to the language of the mass media. This reference offers a guide to shifts over time in thinking about the Chinese language as well as providing an overview of contemporary themes, debates and research interests. The editors and contributors are assisted by an editorial board comprised of the best and most experienced sinologists world-wide. The reference includes an introduction, written by the editor, which places the assembled texts in their historical and intellectual context. The Encyclopedia of the Chinese Language is destined to be valued by scholars and students as a vital research resource.
Download or read book Dynamism in Metaphor and Beyond written by Herbert L. Colston and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2022-09-15 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last half century witnessed an upheaval in scientific investigation of human meaning-making and meaning-sharing. Dynamism in Metaphor and Beyond, is offered as a snapshot of the status of this multidisciplinary endeavor—a peak under the umbrella of what Cognitive Linguistics, Psycholinguistics, Figurative Language Studies and related fields have morphed into. This volume honors Raymond W. Gibbs, who played no small role in this upheaval. The themes and insights emerging from the chapters (i.e., among others, a need for account integration, a new appreciation of the dynamic nature of figurative [and all] meaning-making, a need for continued broadening of the communicative techniques in our studied topics, greater attention to emotion, a deepened appreciation of social motivations and psychological processes involved, etc.) may guide us in our continued grappling with meaning-making and meaning-sharing, via metaphor, through figurative language, and via other communicative phenomena associated with them.
Download or read book Children s Drawings written by Martin Krampen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1991-03-31 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is dedicated to all those who love children and their wonderful, often surprising, drawings. This means it addresses all those interested in their devel oping capacity to produce "iconic" signs: parents, teachers, child psychologists, artists, architects (since building drawings are treated here), and semioticians at large-to name but a few potential readers. Because of the broad audience, I tried to keep scientific jargon to a minimum. Whenever this was unavoidable, I tried to explain the terms in such a way that even beginners in psychology could understand my arguments. I received the first impulse to think about a book like this from the Interna tional Year of the Child declared by the UN in 1979. In a first phase of the project, I obtained drawings of the six different building types treated in this book from more than 100 children aged 3-12 years in Turkey during a stay there as part of the faculty of Architecture of the Karadeniz Technical University in Trabzon under the auspices of the UN ESCO/UNDP program TUR/75/012. My special thanks go to Dr. Erdem Aksoy, then president of the university, and Dr. Ozgontil Aksoy, then dean of the faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering, for their encouragement to carry out the project. I would also like to thank Dr. Kutzal Oztlirk, Sevinc Erttirk, Ali Ozbilen, Hasan Saltik, together with all the teachers in nursery and elementary schools in and around Trabzon who helped to collect the drawings.
Download or read book Metaphor and Metonymy in Comparison and Contrast written by René Dirven and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2009-09-24 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book elaborates one of Roman Jakobson's many brilliant ideas, i.e. his insight that the two cognitive strategies of the metaphoric and the metonymic are the end-points on a continuum of conceptualization processes. This elaboration is achieved on the background of Lakoff and Johnson's twodomain approach, i.e. the mapping of a source onto a target domain of conceptualization. Further approaches dwell on different stretches of this metaphor-metonymy continuum. Still other papers probe into the specialized conceptual division of labor associated with both modes of thought. Two new breakthroughs in the cognitive linguistics approach to metaphor and metonymy have recently been developed: one is the three-domain approach, which concentrates on the new blends that become possible after the integration or the blending of source and target domain elements; the other is the approach in terms of primary scenes and subscenes which often determine the way source and target domains interact.
