Download or read book Kinetics of Binary Metal Hydride Decomposition written by Igor E. Gabis and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the point of view of hydrogen, desorption metal hydrides are extremely complex and interesting. Various metal hydrides differ so much, range in terms of decomposition temperatures and pressures and look like materials from separate classes. Many research articles are devoted to metal hydrides; many of them study the kinetics of dehydriding. However, there is still no complete understanding of the processes that govern kinetics. The reason is for the high number of factors that influence the rate of hydride decomposition and hydrogen desorption. First of all, properties of metal hydrides are diverse. The number of hydride phases, decomposition rates and ranges of absorbed energy are very different. The rates of hydrogen desorption, diffusion and phase transition also can influence the kinetics of dehydriding. The aim of this book is to summarise the authors research of dehydriding kinetics with electronic structures of the materials taken into account, and to determine which elementary processes influence the decomposition rates. The book is not a reference guide on the dehydriding rates of constants. Even more so, in order to keep the subject as simple as possible, the authors restrict the discussion only to binary hydrides when talking about basic dehydriding laws. It is possible, however, that ternary and more complex hydrides have their own unique properties. The authors describe experimental results through physically clear and well studied processes, such as desorption, diffusion, reaction of hydride decomposition, etc. as well as by using conservation laws. On the other hand, describing the entire process in the most general way, taking into account all of the possible reactions and excluding some on the grounds of experimental results, also seems unsound. The authors believe that complexity of models must be comparable to that of experimental data; additional factors should be taken into account only in order to improve poor fitting. The following factors seem the most important: Electronic properties of the hydride (type of bonding); phase morphology; incubation and nucleation; physically reasonable elementary processes mentioned above (diffusion, adsorption and desorption, decomposition and formation of the hydride phase, etc.); and the variety of powder particles. Over recent years, much effort has been made to activate the decomposition of magnesium and aluminium hydrides with the hope of finding appropriate materials for keeping hydrogen in solids aboard a vehicle. Most of the research dealt with mechanochemical activation (ie: ball milling in the presence of catalysts, often in hydrogen). The choice of catalytic materials is not always logical; this was one more reason for systemising the dehydriding kinetics. Naturally, activated materials must follow the general pattern of decomposing metal hydrides. A separate section is devoted to the activation of magnesium and aluminium hydrides; aside from mechanochemical, we also discuss the thermal and photoactivation of these materials.

Download or read book Decomposition of Inorganic and Organometallic Compounds written by C.H. Bamford and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1972-01-01 with total page 285 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decomposition of Inorganic and Organometallic Compounds

Download or read book Hydrogen Storage Materials written by R.G. Barnes and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Materials Science Forum Vol. 31

Download or read book Tailoring the Kinetic Behavior of Hydride Forming Materials for Hydrogen Storage written by Juli√°n Puszkiel and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydride forming materials, i.e., binary, complex hydrides, and their mixtures, have been extensively investigated owing to their potential hydrogen storage properties. They possess high volumetric hydrogen capacity and relative high gravimetric hydrogen capacity. However, one of the main constraints for their practical application is their slow kinetic behavior. For this reason, enormous effort has been devoted to improve the hydrogenation and dehydrogenation rates. Several strategies have been developed for the enhancement of the kinetic behavior of the most relevant hydride forming materials such as MgH2, MBH4 (M¬†=¬†Li, Ca, Mg, Na, K), MNH2 (M¬†=¬†Li and Mg), MBH4¬†+¬†,ÄòMH2 (M¬†=¬†Li, Ca, Mg; ,ÄòM¬†=¬†Li, Mg, Ca), and MNH2¬†+¬†,ÄòMH2 (M¬†=¬†Li, Mg; ,ÄòM¬†=¬†Li). Tuning the kinetic behavior of these hydride forming materials involves different approaches and their combinations. The most relevant approaches are: (1) improving the microstructural refinement via mechanical milling, (2) doping with transition metal and transition metal compounds, (3) forming in situ catalyst, and (4) nanoconfining doped hydride forming materials. Herein, basic concepts about the chemical reaction for the hydride compound formation/decomposition, thermodynamics, kinetics, and applied strategies to enhance the kinetic behavior of hydride compounds and systems are comprehensively described and discussed.

Download or read book Empirical and Physics Based Mathematical Models of Uranium Hydride Decomposition Kinetics with Quantified Uncertainties written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Metal particle beds have recently become a major technique for hydrogen storage. In order to extract hydrogen from such beds, it is crucial to understand the decomposition kinetics of the metal hydride. We are interested in obtaining a a better understanding of the uranium hydride (UH3) decomposition kinetics. We first developed an empirical model by fitting data compiled from different experimental studies in the literature and quantified the uncertainty resulting from the scattered data. We found that the decomposition time range predicted by the obtained kinetics was in a good agreement with published experimental results. Secondly, we developed a physics based mathematical model to simulate the rate of hydrogen diffusion in a hydride particle during the decomposition. We used this model to simulate the decomposition of the particles for temperatures ranging from 300K to 1000K while propagating parametric uncertainty and evaluated the kinetics from the results. We compared the kinetics parameters derived from the empirical and physics based models and found that the uncertainty in the kinetics predicted by the physics based model covers the scattered experimental data. Finally, we used the physics-based kinetics parameters to simulate the effects of boundary resistances and powder morphological changes during decomposition in a continuum level model. We found that the species change within the bed occurring during the decomposition accelerates the hydrogen flow by increasing the bed permeability, while the pressure buildup and the thermal barrier forming at the wall significantly impede the hydrogen extraction.

Download or read book A General Initial Decomposition Reaction for Complex Metal Hydrides written by R. WALTERS and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The initial thermally activated decomposition of several complex metal hydride compounds, to a binary alkali or alkaline hydride and a group IIIb metal hydride, appears to share a first step in their decomposition mechanisms. The application of this initial thermochemical decomposition step to several alanate compounds illustrates the generality of this approach. For LiAlH4, the decomposition data fall on the derived distribution plot calculated for NaAlH4.

Download or read book Gold Nanoparticles Reaching New Heights written by Abdullah Mohammed Asiri and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gold Nanoparticles - Reaching New Heights contains recent research on the preparation, characterization, fabrication, and potential of optical and biological applications of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). It is promising novel research that has received a lot of interest over the last few decades. It covers advanced topics on optical, physical, medicinal, and biological applications of AuNPs. Development of green nanotechnology is generating the interest of researchers towards the synthesis of eco-friendly, safe, non-toxic applications, which can be used for manufacture at a large scale. These are simple, cost-effective, stable, enduring, and reproducible aqueous room temperature synthesis applications to obtain the self-assembly of AuNPs. This potentially unique work offers various approaches to R&D with AuNP materials in aqueous or non-aqueous phases through fully modified or unmodified states as hybrids. Nanotechnology and nanoscience can regulate substances at the nanoscale, and nanodimension substances of a few nanometers allow us to control the novel practical applications of AuNPs. This book presents an overview of current AuNP fundamental and substantial applications and research worldwide, which investigates the techniques of AuNP preparation, various types of characterization, and possible applications related to AuNP research. It is an important book for research organizations, government research centers, academic libraries, and R&D groups interested in recent research and development of AuNPs.

Download or read book Hydrogen in Metals Application oriented properties written by G. Alefeld and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1026 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Metal Hydrides written by M. V. C. Sastri and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text addresses the wide range of technical uses of metal hydrides with a view to opening up a vision of the immense application potential.

Download or read book Solid State Hydrogen Storage written by Gavin Walker and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2008-09-30 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrogen fuel cells are emerging as a major alternative energy source in transportation and other applications. Central to the development of the hydrogen economy is safe, efficient and viable storage of hydrogen. Solid-state hydrogen storage: Materials and chemistry reviews the latest developments in solid-state hydrogen storage. Part one discusses hydrogen storage technologies, hydrogen futures, hydrogen containment materials and solid-state hydrogen storage system design. Part two reviews the analysis of hydrogen interactions including structural characterisation of hydride materials, neutron scattering techniques, reliably measuring hydrogen uptake in storage materials and modelling of carbon-based materials for hydrogen storage. Part three analyses physically-bound hydrogen storage with chapters on zeolites, carbon nanostructures and metal-organic framework materials. Part four examines chemically-bound hydrogen storage including intermetallics, magnesium hydride, alanates, borohydrides, imides and amides, multicomponent hydrogen storage systems, organic liquid carriers, indirect hydrogen storage in metal ammines and technological challenges in hydrogen storage. With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Solid-state hydrogen storage: Materials and chemistry is a standard reference for researchers and professionals in the field of renewable energy, hydrogen fuel cells and hydrogen storage. Assesses hydrogen fuel cells as a major alternative energy source Discusses hydrogen storage technologies and solid-state hydrogen storage system design Explores the analysis of hydrogen interactions including reliably measuring hydrogen uptake in storage materials

Download or read book Hydrogen in Intermetallic Compounds II written by Louis Schlapbach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-21 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The topic of hydrogen in an on metals and alloys is important in a number ofdisciplines including solid-state physics, materials science, physical chemistry, and energy technology. This volume treats the dynamics of hydrogen in intermetallic compounds, surface properties, kinetics, and applications of metal hydrides in energy technology. In addition, selected experimental methods are described. The introductory chapter will enable non-specialists to gain an overall picture of the field and to appreciate the relevant scientific issue. The companion volume, Hydrogene in Intermetallic Compounds I, was published as Vol. 63 of Topics in Applied Physics.

Download or read book Hydrogen Storage written by Jianjun Liu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-09-05 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrogen, as an energy carrier, is widely regarded as a potential cost effective, renewable, and clean energy alternative to petroleum in order to mitigate energy shortage and global climate warming issues that the world is currently facing. However, storage of hydrogen is a substantial challenge, especially for applications in vehicles with fuel cells that use proton-exchange membranes (PEMs). Therefore, scientific community has started focusing their research activities on developing advanced hydrogen storage materials through nanotechnology. The book presents a wide variety of nanostructured materials used for application in hydrogen storage, covering chemical and physical storage approaches. The research topics include computational design, synthesis, processing, fabrication, characterization, properties and applications of nanomaterials in hydrogen storage systems.

Download or read book Handbook of Hydrogen Storage written by Michael Hirscher and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-02-16 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Owing to the limited resources of fossil fuels, hydrogen is proposed as an alternative and environment-friendly energy carrier. However, its potential is limited by storage problems, especially for mobile applications. Current technologies, as compressed gas or liquefied hydrogen, comprise severe disadvantages and the storage of hydrogen in lightweight solids could be the solution to this problem. Since the optimal storage mechanism and optimal material have yet to be identified, this first handbook on the topic provides an excellent overview of the most probable candidates, highlighting both their advantages as well as drawbacks. From the contents: ¿ Physisorption ¿ Clathrates ¿ Metal hydrides ¿ Complex hydrides ¿ Amides, imides, and mixtures ¿ Tailoring Reaction Enthalpies ¿ Borazan ¿ Aluminum hydride ¿ Nanoparticles A one-stop reference on all questions concerning hydrogen storage for physical and solid state chemists, materials scientists, chemical engineers, and physicists.

Download or read book Erbium Hydride Decomposition Kinetics written by Robert Matthew Ferrizz and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal desorption spectroscopy (TDS) is used to study the decomposition kinetics of erbium hydride thin films. The TDS results presented in this report are analyzed quantitatively using Redhead's method to yield kinetic parameters (E{sub A} {approx} 54.2 kcal/mol), which are then utilized to predict hydrogen outgassing in vacuum for a variety of thermal treatments. Interestingly, it was found that the activation energy for desorption can vary by more than 7 kcal/mol (0.30 eV) for seemingly similar samples. In addition, small amounts of less-stable hydrogen were observed for all erbium dihydride films. A detailed explanation of several approaches for analyzing thermal desorption spectra to obtain kinetic information is included as an appendix.

Download or read book Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry II written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-07-23 with total page 7694 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry II, Nine Volume Set reviews and examines topics of relevance to today’s inorganic chemists. Covering more interdisciplinary and high impact areas, Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry II includes biological inorganic chemistry, solid state chemistry, materials chemistry, and nanoscience. The work is designed to follow on, with a different viewpoint and format, from our 1973 work, Comprehensive Inorganic Chemistry, edited by Bailar, Emeléus, Nyholm, and Trotman-Dickenson, which has received over 2,000 citations. The new work will also complement other recent Elsevier works in this area, Comprehensive Coordination Chemistry and Comprehensive Organometallic Chemistry, to form a trio of works covering the whole of modern inorganic chemistry. Chapters are designed to provide a valuable, long-standing scientific resource for both advanced students new to an area and researchers who need further background or answers to a particular problem on the elements, their compounds, or applications. Chapters are written by teams of leading experts, under the guidance of the Volume Editors and the Editors-in-Chief. The articles are written at a level that allows undergraduate students to understand the material, while providing active researchers with a ready reference resource for information in the field. The chapters will not provide basic data on the elements, which is available from many sources (and the original work), but instead concentrate on applications of the elements and their compounds. Provides a comprehensive review which serves to put many advances in perspective and allows the reader to make connections to related fields, such as: biological inorganic chemistry, materials chemistry, solid state chemistry and nanoscience Inorganic chemistry is rapidly developing, which brings about the need for a reference resource such as this that summarise recent developments and simultaneously provide background information Forms the new definitive source for researchers interested in elements and their applications; completely replacing the highly cited first edition, which published in 1973

Download or read book Phase Diagrams of Binary Magnesium Alloys written by Ali A. Nayeb-Hashemi and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: