Download or read book Kants Analogien der Erfahrung Classic Reprint written by Ernst Laas and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-11-23 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Kants Analogien der Erfahrung Die Citate aus Kant sind sammtlich nach der Ausgabe von Karl Rosenkranz und Fried. With. Schubert, 1838 d'. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Kants Analogien Der Erfahrung written by Ernst Laas and published by Wentworth Press. This book was released on 2018-07-26 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Download or read book Immanuel Kant s the Critique of Pure Reason written by Immanuel Kant and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-01 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Critique of Pure Reason (German: Kritik der reinen Vernunft, KrV) by Immanuel Kant, (first published in 1781, second edition 1787), is one of the most influential works in the history of philosophy. Also referred to as Kant's First Critique, it was followed by the Critique of Practical Reason (1788) and the Critique of Judgment (1790). In the preface to the first edition Kant explains what he means by a critique of pure reason: "I do not mean by this a critique of books and systems, but of the faculty of reason in general, in respect of all knowledge after which it may strive independently of all experience." Dealing with questions concerning the foundations and extent of human knowledge, Kant builds on the work of empiricist philosophers such as John Locke and David Hume, as well as taking into account the theories of rationalist philosophers such as Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz and Christian Wolff. Kant expounds new ideas on the nature of space and time, and claims to solve the problem which Hume posed regarding human knowledge of the relation of cause and effect, and to have assessed the ability of the human mind to engage in metaphysics.Knowledge independent of experience is referred to by Kant as "a priori" knowledge, while knowledge obtained through experience is termed "a posteriori". According to Kant, "a priori" knowledge expresses necessary truths. Statements which are necessarily true cannot be negated without becoming false. Examples provided by Kant include the propositions of mathematics, propositions "from the understanding in its quite ordinary employment", such as "Every alteration must have a cause", as well as propositions from "natural science (physics)", such as "in all changes in the material world the quantity of matter remains unchanged".Kant believed that he had discovered another attribute of propositions, which allowed him to frame the problem of a priori knowledge in a new way: the distinction between "analytic" and "synthetic" judgments. According to Kant, to say that a sentence is "analytic" is to say that what is stated in the predicate-concept of the sentence is already contained (albeit covertly) in the subject-concept of that sentence. The example he provides is the sentence, "All bodies are extended", which is "analytic" since the predicate-concept ("extended") is already contained in-or "thought in"-the subject-concept of the sentence ("bodies"). Kant considered the judgment, "All bodies are heavy" synthetic, since "I do not include in the concept of body in general the predicate 'weight'". Synthetic judgments therefore add something to a concept, whereas analytic judgments only explain what is already contained in the concept.The distinctive character of "analytic" judgments was therefore that they can be known to be true simply by an analysis of the concepts contained in them-or, alternatively, are true by definition. Prior to Kant, it was thought that all necessary truth had the character of being "analytic". Kant argued that not all necessary truths are analytic, but that some of them are synthetic. Having explained that the basis of analytic judgments lies in the principle of contradiction, (or the principle of identity), the task he set out to achieve in the Critique of Pure Reason was to explain the grounds of those judgments which are necessary and synthetic-and these he termed "a priori synthetic judgments".
Download or read book Kants Lehre vom Inneren Sinn und Seine Theorie der Erfahrung Classic Reprint written by Robert Reininger and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-01-02 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Kants Lehre vom Inneren Sinn und Seine Theorie der Erfahrung Lichtenbergs Wort, dass jeder immer nur seinen Homer, seinen Horaz und Shakesmare lese, gilt sinngema auch von Kant Jeder liest seinen Kant. Daher gibt es auch fast ebensoviele Kant ausleger, als es Kantleser gibt. In erster Linie ist naturgema das Kant'sche Hauptwerk von diesem Schicksale getroffen. Die "kritik der reinen Vernunft ist nicht nur ein Buch voll der tiefsinnigsten und weittragendsten Probleme, welche der Philosophie jemals gestellt worden sind, dieses Buch ist auch selbst ein Problem. Es ist dies nicht nur, weil es zahlreiche Widerspruche, Unklarheiten und Will kurlichkeiten enthalt, sondern insbesondere deshalb, weil die meisten der ihm eigenthumlichen Probleme in ihm mehr angedeutet als ge lost, die wenigsten von ihnen aber zu Ende gedacht sind. Groer als bei irgend einem anderen philosophischen Werke ist daher bei diesem jener Antheil an Denkarbeit, welcher dem Leser zufallt. Aber gerade in diesem ganz eigenartigen Anreiz zu philosophischer Mitarbeit, wie er der Kr. D. R. V. Eigen ist, liegt der Schwerpunkt jener eminenten Bedeutung, welche dieselbe fur die gesammte Philo sophie gewonnen hat. Dadurch, dass sie den selbstdenkenden Leser zwingt, im Verstehen uber sie hinauszugehen, ist sie die "lebendige Schule der Philosophie (k. Fischer) geworden und in gewissem Sinne bis zum heutigen Tage geblieben. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book The Cambridge Kant Lexicon written by Julian Wuerth and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-02-25 with total page 2289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Immanuel Kant is widely recognized as one of the most important Western philosophers since Aristotle. His thought has had, and continues to have, a profound effect on every branch of philosophy, including ethics, metaphysics, epistemology, aesthetics, political philosophy, and philosophy of religion. This Lexicon contains detailed and original entries by 130 leading Kant scholars, covering Kant's most important concepts as well as each of his writings. Part I covers Kant's notoriously difficult philosophical concepts, providing entries on these individual 'trees' of Kant's philosophical system. Part II, by contrast, provides an overview of the 'forest' of Kant's philosophy, with entries on each of his published works and on each of his sets of lectures and personal reflections. This part is arranged chronologically, revealing not only the broad sweep of Kant's thought but also its development over time. Professors, graduate students, and undergraduates will value this landmark volume.
Download or read book Kant s Prolegomena to Any Future Metaphysics written by Immanuel Kant and published by . This book was released on 1902 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Practical Ethics written by Peter Singer and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-21 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For thirty years, Peter Singer's Practical Ethics has been the classic introduction to applied ethics. For this third edition, the author has revised and updated all the chapters and added a new chapter addressing climate change, one of the most important ethical challenges of our generation. Some of the questions discussed in this book concern our daily lives. Is it ethical to buy luxuries when others do not have enough to eat? Should we buy meat from intensively reared animals? Am I doing something wrong if my carbon footprint is above the global average? Other questions confront us as concerned citizens: equality and discrimination on the grounds of race or sex; abortion, the use of embryos for research and euthanasia; political violence and terrorism; and the preservation of our planet's environment. This book's lucid style and provocative arguments make it an ideal text for university courses and for anyone willing to think about how she or he ought to live.
Download or read book Understanding Purpose written by Philippe Huneman and published by University Rochester Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of essays investigating key historical and scientific questions relating to the concept of natural purpose in Kant's philosophy of biology. Understanding Purpose is an exploration of the central concept of natural purpose [Naturzweck] in Kant's philosophy of biology. Kant's work in this area is marked by a strong teleological concern: living organisms, in his view, are qualitatively different from mechanistic devices, and as a result they cannot be understood by means of the same principles. At the same time, Kant's own use of the concept of purpose does not presuppose any theological commitments, and is merely "regulative"; that is, it is employed as a heuristic device. The contributors to this volume also investigate the following key historical questions relating to Kant's philosophy of biology: How does it relate to European work in the life sciences that was done before Kant arrived on the scene? How did Kant's unique approach to the philosophy of biology in turn influence later work in this area? The issues explored in this volume are as pertinent to the history of philosophy as they are to the history of science -- it is precisely the blurred boundaries between these two disciplines that allows for new perspectives on Kantianism and early nineteenth-century German biology to emerge. Contributors: Jean-Claude Dupont, Mark Fisher, Philippe Huneman, Robert J. Richards, Phillip R. Sloan, Stéphane Schmitt, and John Zammito. Philippe Huneman is researcher at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unit of the Université Paris.
Download or read book The Language of Physics written by Elizabeth Garber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is the first explicit examination of the key role that mathematics has played in the development of theoretical physics and will undoubtedly challenge the more conventional accounts of its historical development. Although mathematics has long been regarded as the "language" of physics, the connections between these independent disciplines have been far more complex and intimate than previous narratives have shown. The author convincingly demonstrates that practices, methods, and language shaped the development of the field, and are a key to understanding the mergence of the modern academic discipline. Mathematicians and physicists, as well as historians of both disciplines, will find this provocative work of great interest.
Download or read book Crystals Fabrics and Fields written by Donna Jeanne Haraway and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acclaimed theorist and social scientist Donna Jeanne Haraway uses the work of pioneering developmental biologists Ross G. Harrison, Joseph Needham, and Paul Weiss as a springboard for a discussion about a shift in developmental biology from a vitalism-mechanism framework to organicism. The book deftly interweaves Thomas Kuhn's concept of paradigm change into this wide-ranging analysis, emphasizing the role of model, analogy, and metaphor in the paradigm and arguing that any truly useful theoretical system in biology must have a central metaphor.
Download or read book The Philosophy of Perception written by Christoph Limbeck-Lilienau and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-07-22 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume the philosophy of perception and observation is discussed by leading philosophers with implications in the philosophy of mind, in epistemology, and in philosophy of science. In the last years the philosophy of perception underwent substantial changes and new views appeared: the intentionality of perception has been contested by relational theories of perception (direct realism), a richer view of perceptual content has emerged, new theories of intentionality have been defended against naturalistic theories of representation (e. g. phenomenal intentionality). These theoretical changes reflect also new insights coming from psychological theories of perception. These changes have substantial consequences for the epistemic role of perception and for its role in scientific observation. In the present volume, leading philosophers of perception discuss these new views and show their implications in the philosophy of mind, in epistemology and in philosophy of science. A special focus is laid on Franz Brentano and Ludwig Wittgenstein. A reference volume for all scholars and students of the history, psychology and philosophy of perception, and cognitive science.
Download or read book Plato in Poland 1800 1950 written by Tomasz Mroz and published by Academia. This book was released on 2021-04-05 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Das vorliegende Buch unternimmt den Versuch, die polnische Platon-Rezeption einem breiten Publikum zuganglich zu machen. Die Jahre 1800-1950 umfassen die Schwerpunkte der Geschichte der polnischen Philosophie: Die Rezeption westlicher philosophischer Stromungen, die Entwicklung der Lemberg-Warschauer Schule, des Neo-Messianismus und der Neo-Scholastik. Das Buch erortert, wie diese Phanomene in der modernen polnischen Philosophie zur Interpretation von Platon beigetragen haben.
Download or read book Kant s Modal Metaphysics written by Nicholas F. Stang and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-18 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is possible and why? What is the difference between the merely possible and the actual? In Kants Modal Metaphysics Nicholas Stang examines Kants lifelong engagement with these questions and their role in his philosophical development. This is the first book to trace Kants theory of possibility all theway from the so-called pre-Critical writings of the 1750s and 1760s to the Critical system of philosophy inaugurated by the Critique of Pure Reason in 1781. Stang argues that the key to understanding both the change and the continuity between Kants pre-Critical and Critical theory of possibility is his transformation of the ontological question about possibility-what is it for a being to be possible?-into a question in transcendental philosophy-what is it to represent an object as possible? The first half of Kants Modal Metaphysics explores Kants pre-Critical theory of possibility, including his answer to the ontological question about the nature of possibility, his rejection of the traditional ontological argument for the existence of God, and his own argument that God must exist to ground all possibility. The second half examines why Kant reoriented his theory of possibility around the transcendental question, what this question means, and how Kant answered it in the Critical philosophy. Stang shows that, despite this reorientation, Kants basic scheme for thinking about possibility remains constant from the pre-Critical period through the Critical system. What had been an ontological theory of possible being is reinterpreted, in the Critical system, as a theory of how we must represent possible objects, given the nature of our intellect.
Download or read book New Approaches to Neo Kantianism written by Nicolas de Warren and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-11 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of new essays examining the impact of Neo-Kantianism on a range of philosophical topics and fields of study.
Download or read book Heinrich Hertz Classical Physicist Modern Philosopher written by D. Baird and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sub-title of this symposium is accurate and, in a curious way, promises more than it states: Classical Physicist, Modem Philosopher. Heinrich Hertz, as the con summate experimentalist of 19th century technique and as brilliant clarifying critic of physical theory of his time, achieved one of the fulfilments but at the same time opened one of the transition points of classical physics. Thus, in his 'popular' lecture 'On the Relations Between Light and Electricity' at Heidelberg in the Fall of 1889, Hertz identified the ether as henceforth the most fundamental problem of physics, as the conceptual mystery but also the key to understanding mass, electric ity, and gravity. Of Hertz's demonstration of electric waves, Helmholtz told the Physical Society of Berlin: "Gentlemen! I have to communicate to you today the most important physical discovery of the century. " Hertz, philosophizing in his direct, lucid, pithy style, once wrote "We have to imagine". Perhaps this is metaphysics on the horizon? In the early pages of his Principles of Mechanics, we read A doubt which makes an impression on our mind cannot be removed by calling it metaphysical: every thoughtful mind as such has needs which scientific men are accustomed to denote as metaphysical. (PM23) And at another place, concerning the terms 'force' and 'electricity' and the alleged mystery of their natures, Hertz wrote: We have an obscure feeling of this and want to have things cleared up.
Download or read book The Essence of Human Freedom written by Martin Heidegger and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2005-03-01 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Essence of Human Freedom is a fundamental text for understanding Heidegger's view of Greek philosophy and its relationship to modern philosophy. These previously untranslated lectures were delivered by Heidegger at the University of Freiburg in the summer of 1930.
Download or read book Postmodern Practices written by Thomas Dörfler and published by LIT Verlag Münster. This book was released on 2002 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
