Download or read book Justice Downwind written by Howard Ball and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1986 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the legal, political, and moral battle between U.S. citizens and the U.S. government concerning the Nevada atomic bomb tests.
Download or read book Justice Downwind written by Howard Ball and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1988 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on interviews with all parties and on extensive archival research into the files of the Atomic Energy Commission, Justice Downwind tells the astonishing story of how the United States exploded atomic weapons on its own soil between the years 1951 and 1963 as part of a postwar military nuclear testing program. Concerned with the hazards of cancer and radioactive fallout, 1,100 citizens living downwind of the Nevada Testing Site, in an effort to expose the Atomic Energy Commission's negigence in implementing the testing, sued the government for causing injury and wrongful death. Fearful that public outcry might shut down the program, AEC officials, during the 1950s, downplayed any suggestion that the testing program might endanger the health of persons living downwind of the testing site. By 1978, scientific studies had demonstrated associations between the epidemic of childhood leukemia and other cancers in the region and radioactive fallout. Pressing their case in the courts and in Congress, the downwind plaintiffs found themselves up against a government that remains even today reluctant to admit its responsibility. This new paperback edition includes updated information on the 10th Circuit Court's recent decision to overturn Judge Jenkins's ruling against the Federal Government in the Allen v. the United States case, the dilemmas associated with risky technologies, and new medical studies that have discovered links between leukemia and radioactive fallout.
Download or read book Stewart L Udall written by Thomas Gary Smith and published by University of New Mexico Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, the first biography of Udall, introduces his work to a new generation of Americans concerned with the environment.
Download or read book Downwind of the Atomic State written by James C. Rice and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2023-03-07 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How the scientific community overlooked, ignored, and denied the catastrophic fallout of decades of nuclear testing in the American West In December of 1950, President Harry Truman gave authorization for the Atomic Energy Commission to conduct weapons tests and experiments on a section of a Nevada gunnery range. Over the next eleven years, more than a hundred detonations were conducted at the Nevada Test Site, and radioactive debris dispersed across the communities just downwind and through much of the country. In this important work, James C. Rice tells the hidden story of nuclear weapons testing and the negligence of the US government in protecting public health. Downwind of the Atomic State focuses on the key decisions and events shaping the Commission’s mismanagement of radiological contamination in the region, specifically on how the risks of fallout were defined and redefined, or, importantly, not defined at all, owing to organizational mistakes and the impetus to keep atomic testing going at all costs. Rice shows that although Atomic Energy Commission officials understood open-air detonations injected radioactive debris into the atmosphere, they did not understand, or seem to care, that the radioactivity would irrevocably contaminate these communities. The history of the atomic Southwest should be a wake-up call to everyone living in a world replete with large, complex organizations managing risky technological systems. The legacy of open-air detonations in Nevada pushes us to ask about the kinds of risks we are unwittingly living under today. What risks are we being exposed to by large organizations under the guise of security and science?
Download or read book American Ground Zero written by Carole Gallagher and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One photojournalist's decade-long commitment, a gripping collection of portraits and interviews of those whose lives were crossed by radioactive fallout.
Download or read book Justice in Mississippi written by Howard Ball and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The compelling real-life story of the criminal investigation, indictment, and trial of Edgar Ray Killen, the preacher and former Ku Klux Klansman finally convicted in June 2005 for the deaths of three civil rights workers--forty-one years after their brutal murders. A stunning final chapter to the case immortalized in the movie Mississippi Burning.
Download or read book Historic U S Court Cases written by John W. Johnson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-12-16 with total page 653 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of essays looks at over 200 major court cases, at both state and federal levels, from the colonial period to the present. Organized thematically, the articles range from 1,000 to 5,000 words and include recent topics such as the Microsoft antitrust case, the O.J. Simpson trials, and the Clinton impeachment. This new edition includes 43 new essays as well as updates throughout, with end-of-essay bibliographies and indexes by case and subject/name.
Download or read book Environmental Law and Policy written by Zygmunt J.B. Plater and published by Aspen Publishing. This book was released on 2016-06-20 with total page 1520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Law & Policy: Nature, Law & Society is a coursebook designed to access the law of environmental protection through a “taxonomic” approach, exploring the range of legal structures and legal methodologies of the field—rather than simply designing it according to air, water, toxics, etc. as subject media (which often results in duplicative legal coverage). All the major subject areas of pollution and resource conservation are covered, but they are covered according to the legal approaches they represent. The book is “Saxist,” because it originally arose and continues to carry on themes from the teaching, guidance, and writings of the late Joseph Sax, the eminent pioneer of the environment law field who emphasized the interaction between common law and public law statutory structures, and introduced the public trust doctrine as a thread undergirding and running through the entire field of environmental law. Key Features: Includes teaching analysis of the completely-revised Toxics Substances Control Act by co-author Robert Graham, Esq. of Jenner & Block who is advising corporate clients on the new law. Coverage of the Dec 2015 Paris COP-21 climate agreement in its several different aspects, incorporating analysis by coauthor Prof David Wirth who played an active role in international preparations for the Paris accord. Expanded material on carbon pricing, until recently widely thought to be a politically impossible alternative avenue for mitigation of global climate disruption. Tracking major recent revisions in toxic substance regulation, with essential comparisons to the current European model of market access chemical regulation. An updated guide through the complexities of tensions between private property rights and environmental protections, and an innovative clarification of recent Supreme Court caselaw. An innovative chapter on official “planning”— a basic and problematic element of environmental governance, whether at the local level or national public lands level. The purchase of this Kindle edition does not entitle you to receive 1-year FREE digital access to the corresponding Examples & Explanations in your course area. In order to receive access to the hypothetical questions complemented by detailed explanations found in the Examples & Explanations, you will need to purchase a new print casebook.
Download or read book The Story written by Judith Miller and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An investigative reporter describes her youth and career, sharing insight into the controversial reporting style that has rendered her the longest jailed correspondent for protecting her sources.
Download or read book A Defiant Life written by Howard Ball and published by Crown. This book was released on 2011-04-06 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thurgood Marshall's extraordinary contribution to civil rights and overcoming racism is more topical than ever, as the national debate on race and the overturning of affirmative action policies make headlines nationwide. Howard Ball, author of eighteen books on the Supreme Court and the federal judiciary, has done copious research for this incisive biography to present an authoritative portrait of Marshall the jurist. Born to a middle-class black family in "Jim Crow" Baltimore at the turn of the century, Marshall's race informed his worldview from an early age. He was rejected by the University of Maryland Law School because of the color of his skin. He then attended Howard University's Law School, where his racial consciousness was awakened by the brilliant lawyer and activist Charlie Houston. Marshall suddenly knew what he wanted to be: a civil rights lawyer, one of Houston's "social engineers." As the chief attorney for the NAACP, he developed the strategy for the legal challenge to racial discrimination. His soaring achievements and his lasting impact on the nation's legal system--as the NAACP's advocate, as a federal appeals court judge, as President Lyndon Johnson's solicitor general, and finally as the first African American Supreme Court Justice--are symbolized by Brown v. Board of Education, the landmark case that ended legal segregation in public schools. Using race as the defining theme, Ball spotlights Marshall's genius in working within the legal system to further his lifelong commitment to racial equality. With the help of numerous, previously unpublished sources, Ball presents a lucid account of Marshall's illustrious career and his historic impact on American civil rights.
Download or read book The Hanford Plaintiffs written by Trisha T. Pritikin and published by University Press of Kansas. This book was released on 2020-02-25 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than four decades beginning in 1944, the Hanford nuclear weapons facility in southeastern Washington State secretly blanketed much of the Pacific Northwest with low-dose ionizing radiation, the byproduct of plutonium production. For those who lived in the vicinity, many of them families of Hanford workers, the consequences soon became apparent as rates of illness and death steadily climbed—despite repeated assurances from the Atomic Energy Commission that the facility posed no threat. Trisha T. Pritikin, who has battled a lifetime of debilitating illness to become a lawyer and advocate for her fellow “downwinders,” tells the devastating story of those who were harmed in Hanford’s wake and, seeking answers and justice, were subjected to yet more suffering. At the center of The Hanford Plaintiffs are the oral histories of twenty-four people who joined In re Hanford Nuclear Reservation Litigation, the class-action suit that sought recognition of, and recompense for, the grievous injury knowingly caused by Hanford. Radioactive contamination of American communities was not uncommon during the wartime Manhattan Project, nor during the Cold War nuclear buildup that followed. Pritikin interweaves the stories of people poisoned by Hanford with a parallel account of civilians downwind of the Nevada atomic test site, who suffer from identical radiogenic diseases. Against the heartrending details of personal illness and loss and, ultimately, persistence in the face of a legal system that protects the government on all fronts and at all costs, The Hanford Plaintiffs draws a damning picture of the failure of the US Congress and the Judiciary to defend the American public and to adequately redress a catastrophic wrong. Documenting the legal, medical, and human cost of one community’s struggle for justice, this book conveys in clear and urgent terms the damage done to ordinary Americans in the name of business, progress, and patriotism.
Download or read book War Crimes and Justice written by Howard Ball and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2002-11-15 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A thorough introduction to the laws of war, the savagery of war crimes, and the international system that demands justice. How do you speak of the unspeakable and defend the indefensible? War Crimes and Justice: A Reference Handbook thoroughly examines the laws of war and how the world community handles the monstrous brutalities of war through the international justice system. Highlighted are 20th century war crimes and trials including Yugoslavia, Kosovo, and the Kerry incident in Vietnam. Also covered are the four international tribunals established to punish violators in Nuremberg, Tokyo, Yugoslavia, and Rwanda. Pulitzer Prize-nominated author Howard Ball discusses those who committed unspeakable acts during war, others who sought justice for victims, and case studies portraying both victims and perpetrators. Significant treaties and conventions are explored, as well as all the options available to nations emerging from the throes of bloody civil wars to ensure peace with justice.
Download or read book Administrative Competence written by Elizabeth Fisher and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, by two of the world's leading administrative law scholars, reimagines administrative law as the law of public administration by making its competence the focus of administrative law. Grounded in extensive interdisciplinary, historical, and doctrinal analysis, Fisher and Shapiro show why understanding both the capacity and authority of expert public administration is crucial to ensure the legitimacy and accountability of the administrative state. To address the current precarious state of administrative law, they support a new study of the administrative process by an Attorney Generals Committee on Administrative Procedure leading to a revised Administrative Procedure Act (APA). This book is a must-read for anyone interested in administrative law and its reform.
Download or read book The Tainted Desert written by Valerie L. Kuletz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, nuclear testing in America's southwest was shrouded in secrecy, with images gradually made public of mushroom clouds blooming over the desert. Now, another nuclear crisis looms over this region: the storage of tens of thousands of tons of nuclear waste. Tainted Desert maps the nuclear landscapes of the US inter-desert southwest, a land sacrificed to the Cold-War arms race and nuclear energy policy.
Download or read book Atomic Environments written by Neil Shafer Oatsvall and published by University of Alabama Press. This book was released on 2023-02-21 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "In "Atomic Environments," Neil S. Oatsvall examines how top policymakers in the Truman and Eisenhower administrations used environmental science in their work developing nuclear strategy at the beginning of the Cold War. While many people were involved in research and analysis during the period in question, it was at highest levels of executive decision-making where environmental science and nuclear science most clearly combined to shape the nation's policies. Because making and testing weapons, dealing with fallout and nuclear waste, and finding uses for radioactive byproducts required advanced understanding of how nuclear systems interacted with the world, policymakers utilized existing networks of environmental scientists-particularly meteorologists, geologists, and ecologists-to understand and control the United States' use of nuclear technology. Instead of profiling individuals, Oatsvall focuses on executive institutions, especially the leadership of the Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) and high level officials in the Truman and Eisenhower White Houses, including the presidents, themselves. By scrutinizing institutional policymaking practices and agendas at the birth of the nuclear age, a constant set of values becomes clear: "Atomic Environments" reveals an emerging technocratic class that consistently valued knowledge about the environment to help create and maintain a nuclear arsenal, despite its existential threat to life on earth and the negative effects many nuclear technologies directly had on ecosystems and the American people, alike. "Atomic Environments" is divided into five chapters, each of which probes a different facet of the entanglement between environment, nuclear technologies, and policymaking. The first three chapters form a rough narrative arc about nuclear weapons. Chapter One situates bombs in their "natural habitat" by considering why nuclear tests occurred where they did and what testers thought they revealed about the natural environment and how they influenced it. Focusing on nuclear fallout, Chapter Two argues that nuclear tests actually functioned as a massive, uncontrolled experiment in world environments and human bodies that intermingled medicine, nuclear science, and environmental science. Chapter Three shows how the environmental knowledge gained in the first two chapters led to nuclear test ban treaty talks during the Eisenhower era, when the advancement of environmental knowledge and the natural world itself became crucial grounds of contention in the creation of nuclear test detection and evasion systems. The last two chapters step away from weapons to question how other nuclear technologies and facets of the U.S. nuclear program interacted with the natural world. Chapter Four examines agriculture's place in the U.S. nuclear program, from breakthrough advances in agricultural science including the use of radioisotopes and the direct application of radiation to food, to "atomic agriculture's" public relations value as a peaceful proxy, which shifted the moral calculus and further leveraged the U.S. government's atomic power. Chapter Five shows how knowledge of the natural world and the functioning of its systems proved important to uncovering the most effective ways to dispose of nuclear waste. Running throughout, Oatsvall consistently demonstrates how the natural world and the scientific disciplines that study it became integral parts of nuclear science, rather than adversarial fields of knowledge. But while nuclear technologies heavily depended on environmental science to develop, those same technologies frequently caused great harm to the natural world. Moreover, while some individuals expressed real anxieties about the damage wrought by nuclear technologies, policymakers as a class consistently made choices that privileged nuclear boosterism and secrecy, prioritizing institutional values over the lives and living systems that agencies like the AEC were ostensibly charged to protect. In the end, Oatsvall argues that although policymakers took their charge to protect and advance the welfare of the United States and its people seriously, they often failed to do so because their allegiance to the U.S. nuclear hierarchy blinded them to the real risks and dangers of the nuclear age"--
Download or read book Low Level Radiation and Immune System Damage written by Joseph J. Mangano and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-31 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atomic weapons and nuclear power plants: they promised to ensure world peace and provide efficient energy to Americans during the 1940s and 1950s. Meanwhile, the post war prosperity led to the most dramatic population explosion ever witnessed in the United States: the "baby boomer" generation.Times and politics may change, but many baby boomers-as well as their descendants-now live with an unforeseen result of the nuclear age. Rates of immune-related diseases have risen steadily throughout the past few decades, from allergies to cancer. While advances in medical care have kept death rates relatively low, the increased prevalence of certain diseases cannot be ignored.Low Level Radiation and Immune System Damage: An Atomic Era Legacy establishes an undeniable connection between the nuclear build up of the past and the widespread health problems seen today. While baby boomers were growing up in the 40s and 50s, above-ground atomic bomb tests and start ups of civilian nuclear power plants were carried out without fear of public exposure to radioactive emissions.Although the consequences of low-level radiation are still hotly debated, Mangano's research findings emphasize a direct link between nuclear exposure and immune system deficiency. In addition to substantial data on immune disease trends among Americans born between the mid-1940s and mid-1960s, Mangano also examines similar issues concerning baby boomer children and grandchildren. Health professionals, environmentalists, historians and students alike will find much to learn from these pages.As America and the world come to terms with the post-Cold War era, there are still many lessons to recognize, consider, and learn from the still-recent past. Low Level Radiation and Immune System Damage: An Atomic Era Legacy explores a relentless trend that will not soon be over-with potential repercussions into the 21st century.
Download or read book Radioactive Clouds of Death over Utah written by Dr. Daniel W. Miles and published by Trafford Publishing. This book was released on 2013-01-31 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I have completed the manuscript with the tentative title Radioactive Clouds of Death Over Utah.. From 1950 to the 1958 moratorium on atmospheric testing, the Atomic Energy Commission detonated over 100 atomic bombs at the Nevada Test Site. The inhabitants of St. George, Utah--the so-called downwinders--were repeatedly in the fly zone of these toxic, wind-blown clouds--so much so that St. George became known nationwide as Fallout City, USA. According to the back cover of John Fuller’s 1984 best seller, The Day We Bomb Utah: America’s Most Lethal Secret, “Within a few years, a plague of cancer and birth defects had ripped through the area---a plague that may have caused the cancer-related deaths of John Wayne and over 100 other cast and crew members of The Conquerer which was filmed only miles from the test site.” (Actually, it was filmed only five miles from St. George.) Utah Congressman Jim Matheson alleged in a recent op-ed article in the Deseret News that the horrendous legacy of radioactive fallout is still killing downwinders. ”Thousands of citizens throughout the West continue to get sick and die from radiation-exposure-caused illnesses.” From an editorial in the February 15, 2001 issue of the Deseret News: “...the federal government literary sacrificed the health of thousands of unsuspecting Utahan and Nevadans.” The focus of Radioactive Clouds of Death Over Utah is to retrospectively consider both the short-term and long-term health effects of radioactive fallout exposure on downwinders from the perspectives of the downwinders, the tort lawyers, the government itself, politicians, producers of five television documentaries, writers of six popular books, hundreds of magazine and newspaper articles and many scientific studies on fallout health effects on Utah residents. Recently the Utah press has featured many fallout-cancer stories giving much weight to anecdotal accounts---downwinders have been featured in the Deseret News 265 times in the last decade. On April 12, 2011 U. S. Senator Tom Udall (D-NM) led a bipartisan group of senators in introducing S-791, the Radiation Exposure Compensation Act Amendments of 2011, which would among other things expand compensation to downwinders in all counties in Idaho, Montana, Colorado, New Mexico, and to areas not now covered in Utah, Nevada, and Arizona. Today, with heightened fears about radiation leaks from damage nuclear power plants in Japan and the possibilities of nuclear terrorism, the discussion of fallout-induced cancers in this book provides valuable basic information about what is known about exposure to radiation and its health risks. A balanced perception of the health risks of ionizing radiation is of great societal importance to issues as varied as radiological terrorism, the future of nuclear power, nuclear waste storage, occupational radiation exposure, the clean-up of nuclear waste sites, medical x-rays (whole-body scanning by computed tomography results in much higher organ doses of radiation than conventional single-film x-rays), manned space exploration, and frequent-flyer risks.
