Download or read book Just Antimicrobial is Not Enough Revisited from Antimicrobial Polymers to Microstructured Dual functional Surfaces Self regenerating Polymer Surfaces and Polymer Materials with Switchable Bioactivity written by Maria Zober and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Biofilm formation can be slowed down by restricting protein adhesion on a surface, or by antimicrobial/biocidal activity of the material (among other methods). In this progress report, the recent work on alternatives to single component antimicrobial or protein-repellent polymer materials is presented. These are microstructured bifunctional polymer surfaces and self-regenerating polymer multilayer stacks. The microstructured polymer surfaces consist of antimicrobial, protein-adhesive polymer patches, and nonfouling, protein repellent-polymer patches. By carefully balancing the size and architecture of the adhesive and repellent patches, materials with simultaneous antimicrobial activity and strong protein repellency are obtained. At similar polymer patch sizes, protein adhesion is lower on hydrogels with a low elastic modulus than on polymer monolayers attached to stiff substrates. Surface-regenerating polymer multilayer stacks are constructed from alternating layers of antimicrobial polymer hydrogels and degradable, soluble, or depolymerizable sacrificial layers. Top layer shedding, which imitates reptiles shedding their skin, rejuvenates the surface, and regenerates the antimicrobial function of the material. Layer shedding form such materials in solution is a competition between two thermodynamic minima, top layer reattachment and top layer removal. The outcome of each shedding event depends on the kinetics of the sacrificial layer disintegration

Download or read book Polymers against Microorganisms written by Juan Rodríguez-Hernández and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introductory and general overview of advances in polymers towards their employment as antimicrobial materials. The author describes current approaches for avoiding microbial contamination, toward macro-molecular antibiotics, and prevention of antibiotic-resistant bacteria by use of polymers. He establishes the remaining issues and analyzes existing methodologies for treating bacterial infections and for preparing antimicrobial materials.

Download or read book Antimicrobial Polymers written by Jose Maria Lagaron and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-11-16 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pioneering guide on the design, processing, and testing of antimicrobial plastic materials and coatings The manifestation of harmful microbes in plastic materials used in medical devices and drugs, water purification systems, hospital equipment, textiles, and food packaging pose alarming health threats to consumers by exposing them to many serious infectious diseases. As a result, high demand for intensifying efforts in the R&D of antimicrobial polymers has placed heavy reliance on both academia and industry to find viable solutions for producing safer plastic materials. To assist researchers and students in this endeavor, Antimicrobial Polymers explores coupling contaminant-deterring biocides and plastics—focusing particular attention on natural biocides and the nanofabrication of biocides. Each chapter is devoted to addressing a key technology employed to impart antimicrobial behavior to polymers, including chemical modification of the polymers themselves. A host of relevant topics, such as regulatory matters, human safety, and environmental risks are covered to help lend depth to the book's vital subject matter. In addition, Antimicrobial Polymers: Discusses the design, processing, and testing of antimicrobial plastic materials Covers interdisciplinary areas of chemistry and microbiology Includes applications in food packaging, medical devices, nanotechnology, and coatings Details regulations from the U.S. (FDA and EPA) and EU as well as human safety and environmental concerns Achieving cleaner and more effective methods for improving the infection-fighting properties of versatile and necessary plastic materials is a goal that stretches across many scientific fields. Antimicrobial Polymers combines all of this information into one volume, exposing readers to preventive strategies that harbor vast potential for making exposure to polymeric products and surfaces a far less risky undertaking in the future.

Download or read book Polymeric Materials with Antimicrobial Activity written by Alexandra Muñoz-Bonilla and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2014 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of different antimicrobial polymeric materials, their antimicrobial action modes and applications.

Download or read book Three dimensional Bioactive Microstructured Surface attached Polymer Network by Microcontact Printing Simultaneous Antimicrobial Activity Protein Repellency and Cell Compatibility written by Vania Tanda Widyaya and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Biofilm-associated infections of medical devices are a global problem. In particular, the bacteria in biofilms are up to 1000 times more antibiotic-resistant than the corresponding planktonic cells [1]. So far, several strategies to prevent such infections by slowing down the initial stages of biofilm formation have been proposed. This includes chemical modifications (e.g., surface coating with antimicrobial [2] or antifouling polymers [3]) or topographical modifications of the biomaterial surfaces [4-8]. In the herein presented strategy, chemical and topographical approaches are combined, so that protein and bacterial adhesion as well as bacterial proliferation are effectively inhibited. For this, 3D bifunctional microstructured polymer surfaces were obtained by microcontact printing (μCP) of a poly(oxanorbenene)-based antimicrobial component (a Synthetic Mimic of an Antimicrobial Peptide, SMAMP) onto a protein-repellent polysulfobetaine (PSB) hydrogel. Since the two bioactive polymers were covalently cross-linked and surface-attached, they were stable both in organic solvent and aqueous surroundings. The effects of the surface topography of these materials on the bioactivity of the biomaterials were investigated by changing the dimensions of the topography (height and spacing). The lateral dimensions of the microstructures were varied by selecting stamps with the desired spacing and pattern. In this work, PDMS stamps with parabolic patterns having spacings of 1 μm, 2 μm, and 8.5 μm were used. The microstructure height was tuned by exploiting the different cross-linking efficiency of the SMAMP copolymer inks: NBD-SMAMP (NBD = nitrobenzoxadiazole, a green fluorophore and a weak UV-active cross-linker which gave short features with a height of about 80 nm) and BP-NBD-SMAMP (BP = benzophenone, a highly efficient UV-active cross-linker which gave tall features with a height of about 750 nm). The obtained biomaterials were characterized by fluorescence microscopy, surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and contact angle measurements. The 1 μm and 2 μm bifunctional surfaces were 100% antimicrobially active against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, 100% fibrinogen-repellent, and non-toxic to human gingival keratinocytes, irrespective of the feature height. The broad-band antimicrobial activity was lost at 8.5 μm spacing, indicating that the upper limit for effective, simultaneous antimicrobial activity and protein-repellency of polyzwitterionic-polycationic materials was in the range of 2 to 8.5 μm. In addition, SMAMP inks containing coumarin (COU), a blue fluorophore and moderate UV-active cross-linker, were made in order to further study the height tuning of the 3D microstructures. Thus, aside from the already mentioned NBD-SMAMP and BP-NBD-SMAMP, four other SMAMP (co)polymers were synthesized and printed: pure SMAMP, COU-SMAMP, BP-SMAMP, and BP-COU-SMAMP. With these inks, the height of the microstructures could be tuned from 3 to 750 nm using the 2 μm stamp. A correlation between the cross-linking efficiency of the NBD, COU, and BP cross-linkers and the heights of the 3D SMAMP features was found by comparing the gel content of the corresponding unstructured polymer networks made from the same polymer with the height of the 3D SMAMP features. [1] Salwiczek, M.; Qu, Y.; Gardiner, J.; Strugnell, R. A.; Lithgow, T.; McLean, K. M.; Thissen, H., Trends in Biotechnology 2014, 32 (2), 82-90. [2] Siedenbiedel, F.; Tiller, J. C., Polymers 2012, 4 (1), 46-71. [3] Krishnan, S.; Weinman, C. J.; Ober, C. K., Journal of Materials Chemistry 2008, 18 (29), 3405-3413. [4] Tripathy, A.; Sen, P.; Su, B.; Briscoe, W. H., Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 2017, 248, 85-104. [5] Chang, Y.-R.; Weeks, E. R.; Ducker, W. A., ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces 2018, 10 (11), 9225-9234. [6] Schumacher, J. F.; Long, C. J.; Callow, M. E.; Finlay, J. A.; Callow, J. A.; Brennan, A. B., Langmuir 2008, 24 (9), 4931-4937. [7] Anselme, K.; Davidson, P.; Popa, A. M.; Giazzon, M.; Liley, M.; Ploux, L., Acta Biomaterialia 2010, 6 (10), 3824-3846. [8] Crawford, R. J.; Webb, H. K.; Truong, V. K.; Hasan, J.; Ivanova, E. P., Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 2012, 179-182, 142-149

Download or read book Polymeric Systems as Antimicrobial or Antifouling Agents written by Antonella Piozzi and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-05-22 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid increase in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, combined with a dwindling rate of discovery of novel antibiotic molecules, has created an alarming issue worldwide. Although the occurrence of resistance in microbes is a natural process, the overuse of antibiotics is known to increase the rate of resistance evolution. Under antibiotic treatment, susceptible bacteria inevitably die, while resistant microorganisms proliferate under reduced competition. Therefore, the out-of-control use of antibiotics eliminates drug-susceptible species that would naturally limit the expansion of resistant species. In addition, the ability of many microbial species to grow as a biofilm has further complicated the treatment of infections with conventional antibiotics. A number of corrective measures are currently being explored to reverse or slow antibiotic resistance evolution, Among which one of the most promising solutions is the development of polymer-based antimicrobial compounds. In this Special Issue, different polymer systems able to prevent or treat biofilm formation, including cationic polymers, antibacterial peptide-mimetic polymers, polymers or composites able to load and release bioactive molecules, and antifouling polymers able to repel microbes by physical or chemical mechanisms are reported. Their applications in the design and fabrication of medical devices, in food packaging, and as drug carriers is investigated.

Download or read book Self Healing Polymers and Polymer Composites written by Ming Qiu Zhang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-06-28 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A state-of-art guide on the interdisciplinary aspects of design, chemistry, and physical properties of bio-inspired self-healing polymers Inspired by the natural self-healing properties that exist in living organisms—for example, the regenerative ability of humans to heal from cuts and broken bones—interest in self-healing materials is gaining more and more attention. Addressing the broad advances being made in this emerging science, Self-Healing Polymers and Polymer Composites incorporates fundamentals, theory, design, fabrication, characterization, and application of self-healing polymers and polymer composites to describe how to prepare self-healing polymeric materials, how to increase the speed of crack repair below room temperature, and how to broaden the spectrum of healing agent species. Some of the information readers will discover in this book include: Focus on engineering aspects and theoretical backgrounds of smart materials The systematic route for developing techniques and materials to advance the research and applications of self-healing polymers Integration of existing techniques and introduction of novel synthetic approaches and target-oriented materials design and fabrication Techniques for characterizing the healing process of polymers and applications of self-healing polymers and polymer composites Practical aspects of self-healing technology in various industrial fields, such as electronics, automotive, construction, chemical production, and engineering With this book, readers will have a comprehensive understanding of this emerging field, while new researchers will understand the framework necessary for innovating new self-healing solutions.

Download or read book Polymer Biointerfaces written by Marián Lehocký and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-02 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dear Colleagues, Polymer biointerfaces are considered a suitable alternative to the improvement and development of numerous applications. The optimization of polymer surface properties can control several biological processes, such as cell adhesion, proliferation, viability, and enhanced extracellular matrix secretion functions at biointerfaces. This printed Special Issue on Polymer Biointerfaces is focused on fundamental and applied research on polymers and systems with biological origin. Submissions contain both polymer material background and descriptions of interacting biological phenomena or relevance to prospective applications in biomedical, biochemical, biophysical, biotechnological, food, pharmaceutical, or cosmetic fields. Special attention has been given to polymer bio-surface modification, bio-coatings, cell–polymer surface interactions, self-assembling monolayers on polymers, in-vivo and in-vitro systems, protein–polymer surface interaction, polysaccharide–polymer interactions, biotribology, bio chip, biosensors, nano-bio interfaces, coatings, biofilms, adhesion phenomena, and molecular recognition, among others. Assoc. Prof. Marián LehockýAssoc. Prof. Petr HumpolíčekGuest Editors

Download or read book Self Healing Polymers written by Wolfgang H. Binder and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-03-29 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-healing is a well-known phenomenon in nature: a broken bone merges after some time and if skin is damaged, the wound will stop bleeding and heals again. This concept can be mimicked in order to create polymeric materials with the ability to regenerate after they have suffered degradation or wear. Already realized applications are used in aerospace engineering, and current research in this fascinating field shows how different self-healing mechanisms proven successful by nature can be adapted to produce even more versatile materials. The book combines the knowledge of an international panel of experts in the field and provides the reader with chemical and physical concepts for self-healing polymers, including aspects of biomimetic processes of healing in nature. It shows how to design self-healing polymers and explains the dynamics in these systems. Different self-healing concepts such as encapsulated systems and supramolecular systems are detailed. Chapters on analysis and friction detection in self-healing polymers and on applications round off the book.

Download or read book 10 Years of Bioinspired Polymer Structures Antimicrobially Active Materials for Interfaces and Applications written by Karen Lienkamp and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 100 years ago, Hermann Staudinger accomplished his ground-breaking discoveries about the macromolecular nature of both biological and synthetic polymers. With his impressive work, he made the University of Freiburg the birth place of polymer science. Standing on the shoulders of this giant, we also humbly celebrate the 10the anniversary of the Polymer Synthesis and Surface Engineering Group at the University of Freiburg. We herein review our contributions to the field of bioinspired polymers for biomedical applications. Bacterial infections of patients often initiate at the surface of medical devices. In consequence, biofilms form, often with life-threatening consequences. It is estimated that by 2050, up to 10 million people will die every year due to bacterial infections if the current trends cannot be reverted. Thus, antimicrobial polymers are currently experiencing a renaissance both as drugs and materials. Polycationic materials have long been known for their antimicrobial activity; however, they fail once they are fully covered by bacterial debris. To overcome this problem, we followed different strategies. First, we designed micro- and nanostructured polymer surfaces from a protein-repellent and an antimicrobial poly(oxanorbornene) by colloidal lithography and microcontact printing. By varying the polymer patch sizes, we obtained structure-property relationships for the interaction of these patterned polymer surfaces with proteins, bacteria, and human cells, and found that they were simultaneously protein-repellent, antimicrobial, and cell-compatible at a spacing of 1-2 u00b5m, a size matching bacterial dimensions. We also serendipitously found a stimulus-responsive poly(oxanorbornenes) that was protein-repellent and cell adhesive, yet antimicrobial when in contact with bacteria, and thus makes ideal material for implant coatings. Finally, we investigated interfaces that can shed their functional skin when contaminated, like a reptile, and thereby regenerate their original surface functionality.

Download or read book Recent Advances in Smart Self Healing Polymers and Composites written by Guoqiang Li and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2022-06-08 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There have been many new developments since the first edition of this book was published back in 2015. These can be summarized as follows: integration of multiple properties into self-healing polymer materials, such as the shape memory effect and flame retardancy; beyond self-healing and the development of recyclable thermoset polymers; and the application of self-healing polymers in both 3D and 4D printing. Recent Advances in Smart Self-healing Polymers and Composites, Second Edition provides a comprehensive introduction to the fascinating field of smart self-healing polymers and composites. All chapters are brought fully-up-to-date with the addition of six brand new contributions on the characterization of self-healing polymers, light-triggered self-healing, additive manufacturing, multifunctional thermoset polymers with self-healing ability, and recyclable thermoset polymers and 4D printing. It is written for a large readership including not only R&D researchers from diverse backgrounds such as chemistry, materials science, aerospace, physics, and biological science, but also for graduate student working on self-healing technologies as well as their newly developed applications. - Features new chapters on characterization of self-healing polymers, light-triggered self-healing, additive manufacturing, multifunctional thermoset polymers with self-healing ability, recyclable thermoset polymers and 4D printing - All chapters have been significantly updated from the previous edition - Provides a grounding in all key areas of research to bring people up to speed with the latest developments

Download or read book Polymers in Regenerative Medicine written by Manuel Monleon Pradas and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-02 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biomedical applications of Polymers from Scaffolds to Nanostructures The ability of polymers to span wide ranges of mechanical properties and morph into desired shapes makes them useful for a variety of applications, including scaffolds, self-assembling materials, and nanomedicines. With an interdisciplinary list of subjects and contributors, this book overviews the biomedical applications of polymers and focuses on the aspect of regenerative medicine. Chapters also cover fundamentals, theories, and tools for scientists to apply polymers in the following ways: Matrix protein interactions with synthetic surfaces Methods and materials for cell scaffolds Complex cell-materials microenvironments in bioreactors Polymer therapeutics as nano-sized medicines for tissue repair Functionalized mesoporous materials for controlled delivery Nucleic acid delivery nanocarriers Concepts include macro and nano requirements for polymers as well as future perspectives, trends, and challenges in the field. From self-assembling peptides to self-curing systems, this book presents the full therapeutic potential of novel polymeric systems and topics that are in the leading edge of technology.

Download or read book Intelligent Polymers for Nanomedicine and Biotechnologies written by Magdalena Aflori and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-08-14 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Almost all synthetic materials over time induce some level of inflammation and fibrosis. Therefore, even though the successes of biomaterials science in producing acceptable solutions to the problem of biocompatibility have been remarkable, there remains enormous opportunity for improvement. The goal is the development of intelligent materials that replicate and mimic the ability of tissues and biological materials to adapt and renew. This book describes the synthesis and the analysis of new smart polymeric materials and their practical implications in nanomedicine and biotechnology. It offers a comprehensive overview, gathering recent and innovative research on multiple aspects within the field of smart polymeric materials that offer new perspectives in developing current advanced biotechnologies. The text contains both experimental and theoretical issues that reflect the impact of the materials characteristics in target applications. It deals with recent advances in the design of new polymeric materials for advanced applications but also on the study of their structure-properties relationship in order to move from completely inert, static structures to flexible ones capable to respond to environmental changes.

Download or read book Self Healing Polymer Based Systems written by Sabu Thomas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2020-07-11 with total page 546 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Self-Healing Polymer-Based Systems presents all aspects of self-healing polymeric materials, offering detailed information on fundamentals, preparation methods, technology, and applications, and drawing on the latest state-of-the-art research. The book begins by introducing self-healing polymeric systems, with a thorough explanation of underlying concepts, challenges, mechanisms, kinetic and thermodynamics, and types of chemistry involved. The second part of the book studies the main categories of self-healing polymeric material, examining elastomer-based, thermoplastic-based, and thermoset-based materials in turn. This is followed by a series of chapters that examine the very latest advances, including nanoparticles, coatings, shape memory, self-healing biomaterials, ionomers, supramolecular polymers, photoinduced and thermally induced self-healing, healing efficiency, life cycle analysis, and characterization. Finally, novel applications are presented and explained. This book serves as an essential resource for academic researchers, scientists, and graduate students in the areas of polymer properties, self-healing materials, polymer science, polymer chemistry, and materials science. In industry, this book contains highly valuable information for R&D professionals, designers, and engineers, who are looking to incorporate self-healing properties in their materials, products, or components. - Provides comprehensive coverage of self-healing polymeric materials, covering principles, techniques, and applications - Includes the very latest developments in the field, such as the role of nanofillers in healing, life cycle analysis of materials, and shape memory assisted healing - Enables the reader to unlock the potential of self-healing polymeric materials for a range of advanced applications

Download or read book Natural Polymers in Wound Healing and Repair written by Mahesh K. Sah and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-06-23 with total page 499 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural Polymers in Wound Healing and Repair: From Basic Concepts to Emerging Trends presents comprehensive coverage on the development and application of natural polymers in wound healing and repair, including fundamental concepts, traditional approaches, cutting-edge methods and emerging trends. The application of natural polymers has evolved from their use in the simplest wound management material, to drug eluting matrices, to cell-laden constructs, and to 3D bio-printed skin equivalents. This book reflects the remarkable progress that has been made in recent years in this innovative field. This is an essential resource for researchers, scientists, and advanced students across polymer science, biomaterials, bio-based and sustainable materials, biomedicine, biomedical engineering, pharmaceuticals, and materials science and engineering. It will also be valuable to R&D professionals, scientists, technologists and all those working in a medical setting who are interested in the latest developments in advanced materials for wound management, healing and repair. - Provides up-to-date coverage of natural polymer-based biomaterials in wound healing and repair, covering sources, processing and properties - Describes cellular and molecular events in wound healing - Introduces conventional and advanced methodologies for wound management - Offers a comprehensive understanding of state-of-the-art and emerging concepts in wound healing, including drug-eluting matrices, cell-laden systems and personalized bio-fabrication strategies

Download or read book Advances in Marine Antifouling Coatings and Technologies written by Claire Hellio and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-05-22 with total page 785 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Marine biofouling can be defined as the undesirable accumulation of microorganisms, algae and animals on structures submerged in seawater. From the dawn of navigation, marine biofouling has been a major problem for shipping in such areas as reduced speed, higher fuel consumption and increased corrosion. It also affects industries using off-shore structures such as oil and gas production and aquaculture. Growing concerns about the environmental impact of antifouling coatings has led to major new research to develop more environmentally-friendly alternatives. Advances in marine antifouling coatings and technologies summaries this wealth of research and its practical implications.This book is divided into four sub-sections which discuss: marine fouling organisms and their impact, testing and development of antifouling coatings, developments in chemically-active marine antifouling technologies, and new surface approaches to the control of marine biofouling. It provides an authoritative overview of the recent advances in understanding the biology of fouling organisms, the latest developments on antifouling screening techniques both in the field and in the laboratory, research on safer active compounds and the progress on nontoxic coatings with tailor-made surface properties.With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Advances in marine antifouling coatings and technologies is a standard reference for manufacturers of marine antifouling solutions, the shipping industry, oil and gas producers, aquaculture and other industries using offshore structures, and academics researching this important area. - Assesses marine antifouling organisms and their impact, including a historical review and directions for future research - Discusses developments in antifouling coatings examining chemically-active and new surface approaches - Reviews the environmentally friendly alternative of safer active compounds and the progress of non-toxic compounds

Download or read book Antimicrobial Coatings for Biodegradable Polymers written by IVA. REZI and published by . This book was released on 2023-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides new insights into research surrounding and applications of methodologies for the preparation of antimicrobial coatings. These coatings have the potential to be used in medical textiles and various hospital devices. The utilization of diverse nanoparticles with distinct chemical and morphological properties, optimized through sophisticated mathematical models, underpins the development of antimicrobial properties. The resulting products achieved through state-of-the-art formulations can be applied across a range of surfaces, from woven and nonwoven textiles to 3D-printed biodegradable catheters and injections. The book presents the ability of nanoparticles to reinforce biodegradable polymers' functionality, even in contact with microorganisms which are resistant to antibiotics, and presents an overview of their occurrence in material science, as well as their green synthesis, application, and their toxicity. This book will be, therefore, of interest to chemists and material science specialists and practitioners, as well as any reader interested in the recent scientific achievements in antimicrobial resistant materials.