Download or read book From Principles to Practice written by Onora O'Neill and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Knowledge aims to fit the world, and action to change it. In this collection of essays, Onora O'Neill explores the relationship between these concepts and shows that principles are not enough for ethical thought or action: we also need to understand how practical judgement identifies ways of enacting them and of changing the way things are. Both ethical and technical judgement are supported, she contends, by bringing to bear multiple considerations, ranging from ethical principles to real-world constraints, and while we will never find practical algorithms - let alone ethical algorithms - that resolve moral and political issues, good practical judgement can bring abstract principles to bear in situations that call for action. Her essays thus challenge claims that all inquiry must use either the empirical methods of scientific inquiry or the interpretive methods of the humanities. They will appeal to a range of readers in moral and political philosophy.
Download or read book Beyond Moral Judgment written by Alice Crary and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-09-30 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is moral thought and what kinds of demands does it impose? Alice Crary's book Beyond Moral Judgment claims that even the most perceptive contemporary answers to these questions offer no more than partial illumination, owing to an overly narrow focus on judgments that apply moral concepts (for example, "good," "wrong," "selfish," "courageous") and a corresponding failure to register that moral thinking includes more than such judgments. Drawing on what she describes as widely misinterpreted lines of thought in the writings of Wittgenstein and J. L. Austin, Crary argues that language is an inherently moral acquisition and that any stretch of thought, without regard to whether it uses moral concepts, may express the moral outlook encoded in a person's modes of speech. She challenges us to overcome our fixation on moral judgments and direct attention to responses that animate all our individual linguistic habits. Her argument incorporates insights from McDowell, Wiggins, Diamond, Cavell, and Murdoch and integrates a rich set of examples from feminist theory as well as from literature, including works by Jane Austen, E. M. Forster, Tolstoy, Henry James, and Theodor Fontane. The result is a powerful case for transforming our understanding of the difficulty of moral reflection and of the scope of our ethical concerns.
Download or read book The Grounds of Ethical Judgement written by Christian Illies and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transcendental arguments have gained a lot of attention since the 1990s, mainly in the field of theoretical reason. Christian Illies argues that transcendental arguments have great potential in ethics, as they promise rational justification of normative judgements.
Download or read book Making Moral Judgments written by Donelson Forsyth and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-10-17 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fascinating new book examines diversity in moral judgements, drawing on recent work in social, personality, and evolutionary psychology, reviewing the factors that influence the moral judgments people make. Why do reasonable people so often disagree when drawing distinctions between what is morally right and wrong? Even when individuals agree in their moral pronouncements, they may employ different standards, different comparative processes, or entirely disparate criteria in their judgments. Examining the sources of this variety, the author expertly explores morality using ethics position theory, alongside other theoretical perspectives in moral psychology, and shows how it can relate to contemporary social issues from abortion to premarital sex to human rights. Also featuring a chapter on applied contexts, using the theory of ethics positions to gain insights into the moral choices and actions of individuals, groups, and organizations in educational, research, political, medical, and business settings, the book offers answers that apply across individuals, communities, and cultures. Investigating the relationship between people’s personal moral philosophies and their ethical thoughts, emotions, and actions, this is fascinating reading for students and academics from psychology and philosophy and anyone interested in morality and ethics.
Download or read book Ethical Judgment written by Darcia Narváez and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 179 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Provides a framework and instructional materials for integrating ethical education, specifically ethical judgment, into the middle school classroom and curriculum"--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Value Judgement written by James Griffin and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 1998-01-22 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: James Griffin asks how, and how much, we can improve our ethical standards not lift our behaviour closer to our standards but refine the standards themselves. To give an answer to this question it is necessary to answer most of the questions of ethics. So Value Judgement includes discussion of what a good life is like, where the boundaries of the `natural world' come, how values relate to that world, how great human capacitiesthe ones important to ethicsare, and where moral norms come from. Throughout the book the question of what philosophy can contribute to ethics repeatedly arises. Philosophical traditions, such as most forms of utilitarianism and deontology and virtue ethics, are, Griffin contends, too ambitious. Ethics cannot be what philosophers in those traditions expect it to be because agents cannot be what their philosophies need them to be. This clear, compelling, and original account of ethics will be of interest to anyone concerned with thinking about values: not only philosophers but legal, political, and economic theorists as well. L
Download or read book The Nature of Moral Judgement written by Patrick McGrath and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There was a time when moral philosophy -- particularly Christian, and even more particularly Roman Catholic, moral philosophy -- was happily conceived of as a 'science' in which virtually everything could be deduced from a limited number of absolutes. There are moral philosophers who still spend a lifetime doing just this, but their philosophy becomes increasingly inadequate to cope with the new human understandings that have broken in on the world. Absolutist language and ethics can no longer be accepted with the easy assurance they once were. The author discusses the leading moral philosophers of the Anglo-Saxon School, setting out their views clearly and fairly, and criticizing always in a positive and constructive manner. Among those he discusses are A.J. Ayer, Kurt Baier, R.M. Hare, P.H. Nowell-Smith, C.L. Stevenson, Stephen Toulmin and J.O. Urmson.
Download or read book Sentimental Rules written by Shaun Nichols and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2004-11-04 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shaun Nichols' theory is that emotions play a critical role in both the psychological and the cultural underpinnings of basic moral judgement, in that the norms prohibiting the harming of others are fundamentally associated with our emotional responses to those harms.
Download or read book The Wiley Blackwell Handbook of Judgment and Decision Making 2 Volume Set written by Gideon Keren and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-02-16 with total page 1056 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, up-to-date examination of the most important theory, concepts, methodological approaches, and applications in the burgeoning field of judgment and decision making (JDM) Emphasizes the growth of JDM applications with chapters devoted to medical decision making, decision making and the law, consumer behavior, and more Addresses controversial topics from multiple perspectives – such as choice from description versus choice from experience – and contrasts between empirical methodologies employed in behavioral economics and psychology Brings together a multi-disciplinary group of contributors from across the social sciences, including psychology, economics, marketing, finance, public policy, sociology, and philosophy 2 Volumes
Download or read book The Practice of Moral Judgment written by Barbara Herman and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1993 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Barbara Herman argues for a radical shift in the way we perceive Kant's ethics. She convincingly reinterprets the key texts, at once allowing Kant to mean what he says while showing that what Kant says makes good moral sense. She urges us to abandon the tradition that describes Kantian ethics as a deontology, a moral system of rules of duty. She finds the central idea of Kantian ethics not in duty but in practical rationality as a norm of unconditioned goodness. This book both clarifies Kant's own theory and adds programmatic vitality to modern moral philosophy.
Download or read book An Introduction to Ethics written by Geoffrey Thomas and published by Hackett Publishing. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive yet concise introduction to central topics, debates, and techniques of moral philosophy in the analytic tradition, this volume combines a thematic, issue-oriented format with rigorous standards of clarity and precision. Thomas introduces fundamental concepts and terms, proceeding through a step-by-step exploration of five general areas of debate: the specification of moral judgment; moral judgment and the moral standard; the justification of moral judgment; logic, reasoning, and moral judgment; and moral judgment and moral responsibility. Key historical and contemporary figures in moral philosophy, including Plato, Aristotle, Kant, Hume, Mill, Hare, Ross, Nagel, Foot, Stevenson, and Dancy, are used effectively as a means of examining the topics themselves.
Download or read book Practical Reasoning and Ethical Decision written by Robert Audi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-03-20 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting the most comprehensive and lucid account of the topic currently available, Robert Audi's "Practical Reasoning and Ethical Decision" is essential reading for anyone interested in the role of reason in ethics or the nature of human action. The first part of the book is a detailed critical overview of the influential theories of practical reasoning found in Aristotle, Hume and Kant, whilst the second part examines practical reasoning in the light of important topics in moral psychology - weakness of will, self-deception, rationalization and others. In the third part, Audi describes the role of moral principles in practical reasoning and clarifies the way practical reasoning underlies ethical decisions. He formulates a comprehensive set of concrete ethical principles, explains how they apply to reasoning about what to do, and shows how practical reasoning guides moral conduct.
Download or read book Ethics and Deviations in Decision making written by Gagari Chakrabarti and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-20 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how the ethically inconsistent behaviour in workplaces can be rooted in moral fibers of the decision-makers, and/or in their varying moral foci depending on the philosophical cornerstones, on which those rest. It explores further whether such decisions may be shaped or modified by contextual factors leading, possibly, to bounded ethicality. Based on a primary survey approaching the academicians, administrators, and other service-holders from India and abroad, it analyses the problem, its determinants and variations across socio-economic and demographic factors.
Download or read book Ethical Judgment in Teaching written by Karl D. Hostetler and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1997 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is about helping teachers think carefully and knowledgeably about ethics in teaching, and to encourage them to talk to other people about it. Each chapter in the body of this text is organized around a pair of basic ethical concepts: freedom and discipline, self and others, communities near and far, excellence and equality, unity and diversity, and faith and truth. Each of these chapters begins with a realistic case, which provide a vehicle for readers to see how the concepts come up in concrete situations. Following each chapter case are two essays by two different contributing writers who put themselves in the position of deciding how to approach the case. The idea is for them to model ethical judgment and to give readers a glimpse into how thoughtful people may agree or disagree on the same case. The writers continue to respond to each other's reactions throughout the chapter, in order to show how constructive criticism of other people's viewpoints and the ability to provide feedback can help people learn from each other in a civil manner. This book presents a wider range of theoretical perspectives than its competitors, while offering actual exchanges of viewpoints between informed educators. The discussion is more philosophically sophisticated, and encourages readers to think critically and to incorporate theory into actual judgment. It aims to show the importance, as well as the limitations, of making judgment a cooperative activity among people. For professionals working in the field of education.
Download or read book Moral Judgement written by David Daiches (D. D.) Raphael and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-07-20 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1955, this book covers most of the problems of moral philosophy but concentrates on two of them: the criterion of right action and the nature of moral judgment. Rejecting Utilitarianism, it shows how principles of moral obligation may be unified under Kant’s formula of treating people as ends-in-themselves. This formula is interpreted in terms of a new, naturalistic theory of moral obligation. Throughout the book the social reference of ethics is emphasized and moral obligation is discussed in relation to rights, justice, liberty and equality.
Download or read book The Measurement of Moral Judgement Volume 2 Standard Issue Scoring Manual written by Ann Colby and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1987-09-30 with total page 1025 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work was originally issued as a two-volume set, published in 1987 and 1988. It constitutes a definitive presentation of the system of classifying moral judgment built up by Lawrence Kolberg and his associates over a period of twenty years. Researchers in human development and education around the world, many of whom have worked with interim versions of the system - indeed, all those seriously interested in understanding the development of moral judgment - will find it a useful and accessible resource. Volume 2 includes the scoring systems for three alternate, functionally equivalent forms of Kohlberg's moral judgment interview.
Download or read book The Grounds of Moral Judgement written by Geoffrey Russell Grice and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1967-09 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1967 book aims to develop an ethical theory which remedies the defects of Utilitarianism while recognising the truths upon which Utilitarians have insisted.
