Download or read book Journey to the Republic of Indonesia written by Kalman Dubov and published by Kalman Dubov. This book was released on 2021-12-13 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Indonesia is an archipelago of 7,500 islands. Its inhabitants speak 700 dialects and languages, with Bhasa as the national language. Travel to any island and the natives will use their local language for commerce and daily activities. Its diversity of language and culture reflects its origins as different migrations took place over millennia and settled here. The country has the largest Muslim population in the world, but the origins of its religious identity reflect Islamic traders introducing the religion and then giving preferential business opportunities to those accepting Islam. The exception to Islam is Bali, a Hindu enclave amidst a population with a very different belief. This unique subset evokes the magic of the exotic and romantic, a curious blend found nowhere else. Indonesia's early history reflects the great Mataram Empire, an empire that extended the boundaries of today's country and whose power and reach serve as the country's idealized state, even to the limits of today's boundaries. That empire ended with the arrival of the Europeans, first with the Portuguese, and then the Dutch. Dutch colonial presence extended for 350 years, broken only by a brief English presence, and later by Japanese Imperial forces during World War Two. Within days of the Japanese surrender, Indonesia declared its independence. But post-World War Two Dutch colonial presence returned and a four-year guerrilla war and diplomatic effort resulted in the Dutch capitulating and withdrawing from the Archipelago. Independence brought many challenges to the country. Five unifying concepts, known as Pancasila, are taught to every citizen from grade school onward, creating a national identity. The challenge of Pancasila is that only six religions are recognized; all others must align themselves with an approved religion, or stand beyond governmental protection. Indonesia sits astride the Ring of Fire, on some of the most powerful volcanoes in the world. Every Indonesian readily identifies with the volcanoes nearest them. Volcanic activity, evacuating for safety and realizing that volcanoes destroy and also enrich the soil marks each islander's deep respect for the destructive power and later fecundity of that eruption. To understand the natural phenomena taking place beneath our feet, I begin with a review of Earth's plate tectonics and its system of subduction. Volcanic activity is a constant in Indonesia, with different plates shifting and causing changes on the surface. This analysis and review discuss Indonesian history, its long subjugation by the Dutch, and its recent rise as an independent and self-sufficient government. The country prospers from its extensive natural resources, while the UNESCO site of Borobudur in Central Java, together with Temples Pawon and Mendut entice visitors throughout the world. I was privileged to visit Indonesia several times, appreciating its people, its distinctive Batik fabric as well the wide cultural diversity of these special people. I hope this review does justice to the country and its unique people.
Download or read book Journey to Indonesia written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Journey Through Indonesia written by Tim Hannigan and published by Tuttle Publishing. This book was released on 2019-07-09 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Whether readers are planning a trip to Bali or just fantasizing about one, Journey Through Indonesia makes for an unforgettable Indonesia travel guide. With hundreds of full-color photographs, Journey Through Indonesia takes readers on a tour of the world's most magnificent archipelago, a vast island nation with all the diversity of an entire continent. This vibrantly illustrated book is the perfect introduction to this most colorful of countries, for both Indonesian history enthusiasts, armchair travelers, and those planning explorations and adventures in Indonesia. Indonesia is Southeast Asia's largest nation, a place of endless contrasts and myriad cultures. This comprehensive Indonesian travel guide features over 400 stunning photographs, nine detailed maps, and insightful descriptions of the country's geography, culture, history, arts, crafts, and wildlife species. Journey Through Indonesia transports readers to each of Indonesia's significant regions including: The impressive temples and volcanoes of Java The exquisite beaches of Bali The magnificent national parks of Kalimantan The traditional villages of Nusa Tenggara The tiger-haunted forests of Sumatra The spice-scented islets of Maluku The untrammeled wilderness of Papua and much more Journey Through Indonesia beautifully captures the diversity of the culture, terrain, and population of Indonesia and creates a deeper understanding of this unique island nation.
Download or read book Milestones on My Journey written by Ali Sastroamidjojo and published by St. Lucia, Q. : University of Queensland Press. This book was released on 1979 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Road from Authoritarianism to Democratization in Indonesia written by P. Carnegie and published by Springer. This book was released on 2010-06-07 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book establishes that a tension exists between how we frame democratisation and the conclusions we arrive at. It demonstrates how and why interpreting ambiguity matters in the study of Indonesia's post-authoritarian settlement and highlights the need for dialogue with proponents of social conflict theory.
Download or read book ICSGS 2019 written by Muhammad Syaroni Rofii and published by European Alliance for Innovation. This book was released on 2020-11-13 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Conference on Strategic and Global Studies is organized by the School of Strategic and Global Studies (SSGS), Universitas Indonesia. The ICSGS conference is an annual meeting event involving lecturers, students and researchers who are concerned with contemporary national and international issues that are directly related to the problems faced by the government and the private sector using a multidisciplinary approach. Participants of this conference came from the ASEAN region and the global network of the Universitas Indonesia.
Download or read book Indonesia Energy Sector Assessment Strategy and Road Map Update written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2020-12-01 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication provides an overview of key development successes and constraints in Indonesia’s energy sector. It reviews the support extended by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and other development partners together with an update on the government’s energy plans and strategies. In line with ADB’s 2020–2024 country partnership strategy for Indonesia, an outline of strategic initiatives and background information for energy investments and technical assistance operations is also presented..
Download or read book Proceedings of the 1st International Hospitality Travel and Event Conference IHTREC 2023 written by Derinta Entas and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-06-12 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an open access book.Reinventing Hospitality, Travel, and Event for a Future DirectionThe tourism industry is an important sector in the world, particularly in terms of its ability to create jobs, generate income and contribute to people's well-being. While of its importance, the tourism industry is vulnerable to external disruptions. Historically, the tourism industry has been vulnerable to terrorist attacks, recessions, pandemics, natural disasters, and the effects of climate change. Such challenges have also forced the industry to accelerate innovation and transformation to survive and thrive. Technology and digitalization are more commonly used in businesses and organizations' operations. There are shifts in consumer behavior as a result of disruptions. Travelers demand safer products and services and more efficient ways to travel. New products and services emerge as a result of the disruptions, for example, trends in virtual conferences, cloud kitchens, staycations, and many more.
Download or read book Journeys to the Great Canals of the World Suez Panama Hangzhou written by Kalman Dubov and published by Kalman Dubov. This book was released on 2023-05-21 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human ingenuity has created three great canals in different locations on our planet. Each of these transformed the country and the world in its own way and time. The oldest canal to be constructed was the Grand Canal, an important Chinese waterway, connecting Suzhou and Beijing, a distance of 1,104 miles (1,776 km). This is the longest artificial canal in the world and is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Not as well known as the other great canals, this important waterway enabled merchants to bring grain and other goods over this long distance so that merchants could transport goods throughout the kingdom. The Grand Canal was first constructed by Fuchai, King of the State of Wu, whose capital is in present-day Suzhou, in 486 BCE. Over the centuries, the Grand Canal was expanded and rebuilt and is still in use in China. The second oldest canal was constructed in ancient Egypt when the waterways of the Nile River were expanded to ease shipping goods throughout the country. Much later, modern engineers reconstructed the Suez Canal, an effort that required much ingenuity and effort to bring this project to fruition. This waterway, at 120.1 miles, was opened in 1869, transforming modern shipping of goods by reducing the journey by between Britain and India by 4,500 miles. Up to this time, ships had to travel around Africa's Cape of Good Hope or past the tip of South America (Magellan or Drake Passages) to reach the other side of the world. Both of these points are dangerous with many ships lost at sea. The Suez Canal completely bypassed this difficulty. However, the territorial disputes and enmities between the Egyptians and Israelis soon saw conflict across these placid waters. In each of the major wars fought between these two countries, the passage of mercantile ships through the Suez Canal became dangerous. Once peace was established between Egypt and Israel, maritime traffic resumed and the world benefited from that peace. Today, there is peace between these two countries, and I recount the instances when I sailed on the Suez Canal. The last canal to be built was in Panama, making travel between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans possible. French engineers tried to construct this canal but failed for various reasons. The United States then took over the project and in vast effort, saw the project to completion. Two years of preparatory effort was necessary to construct infrastructure for the thousands of workers who would toil in the earthworks being moved to create the Panama Canal. A notable effort was addressing the lethal malaria, yellow fever, and other tropical diseases endemic in this country. In the end, yellow fever was completely eradicated from Panama, though malaria cases, though low, continue to be present. The Panama Canal is 50 miles in length and opened on 15 August 1914. Today, thousands of ships, carrying passengers and goods, travel through this, and the other canals, thereby transforming our world.
Download or read book Outer Journey Inner Journey written by Darrell Nunn and published by iUniverse. This book was released on 2007-07 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experience these countries through their myths, religions and philosophies. Explore their geography. Make sense of their political challenges. Visit incredible caves, mountains, rivers and festivals in off-the-beaten-track places. Discover in detail how exploration and immersion in foreign cultures produce constant internal reflection and self re-discovery. Feast your eyes, challenge your mind, open your heart.
Download or read book The Road to Madiun written by Ann Swift and published by Equinox Publishing. This book was released on 2010 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis on Madiun was written during a year spent at Cornell studying Southeast Asia on a State Department training program. I had just come from a three-year assignment in Indonesia (1968-1971) and was being trained for more service in the area. Searching for a thesis topic, I was drawn to the Madiun period: it was one of the most turbulent periods of the Indonesian revolution and one which had stirred a reasonable amount of controversy. I decided to take an in-depth look at the period, trying to come at it from an Indonesian perspective while keeping an eye cocked to world events. My methodology was simple: I read everything I could find on the subject and talked to as many people as possible. The further I got into my research, the more I realized that the key to understanding what had actually happened in 1948 was the newspapers of the period. These happily were available in abundance in Cornell's outstanding library and gave me not only an accurate chronology of events but a first-hand look at how people of the period viewed those events at the time-without the disadvantage of hindsight. I made what were to me some fascinating discoveries (historians' views of "fascinating" can be a bit obscure) and produced a thesis which is probably a bit more than most people would really like to know about the period. Hating to leave out anything, I added footnotes almost as long as the thesis itself. I had no preconceived notions when I started the thesis and tried to maintain my objectivity throughout. I was not looking for a particular solution to "what happened" and perhaps because of this, the thesis lacks a resounding conclusion. I hope, however, it will add a bit to the knowledge of the period. - Ann Swift, June 1988
Download or read book History of the Iberian Peninsula written by Kalman Dubov and published by Kalman Dubov. This book was released on 2023-04-24 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Jewish history of the Iberian Peninsula begins during Roman times, followed by the Visigoths, a Germanic presence that was initially favorable towards the Jews. In 589 CE, their king Recarred converted to Roman Catholicism resulting in the Edicts of Toledo, a series of laws designed to create many difficulties for Jews who refused to convert to Christianity. Visigoth rule ended in 711 when Muslims from North Africa invaded. Tariq ibn Ziyad, a North African general, for whom Gibraltar is named (Jebel Tariq) found Visigoth armies weak and soon reached the Pyrenees and beyond. Muslim rule on Iberia lasted from 711 to 1492, as Christian armies reconquered and gained southern territories. During Islamic control of the peninsula, a conviviality (convivencia) existed amongst the three Abrahamic religions resulting in a vast seminal growth with translations of ancient Greek and Roman texts and advances in every area of human thought. The scholarship that grew from this period later fueled the Renaissance, benefiting modern scholarship. But in 1492, Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella of Castile promulgated the Alhambra Decree, expelling all Jews from the kingdom. This was followed by the establishment of the Spanish Inquisition, an institution that tortured and murdered thousands of men, women, and children, even as young as twelve years old. The Inquisition extended to the New World. In Mexico City as in Lima Peru, victims of the Inquisition faced merciless tribunals and faced the same fate as in Spain. The Inquisition was finally abolished in 1968. Transitioning to 2015, Spain began offering dual nationality to Jewish descendants of the expelled. I analyze the requirements to do so, noting its extensive detail, even demanding support of the Spanish constitution and culture as well as tests in Spanish with proof of marriage in the Jewish-Castilian tradition. This book offers a tableau of the harsh, zealous, and intolerant past to an effort by Spain to amend that violent historic record by offering an open hand to Jews. I leave the reasoning why Spain is doing so to the pessimist and cynic or to the optimist and hopeful.
Download or read book Three Centuries of Travel Writing by Muslim Women written by Siobhan Lambert-Hurley and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2022-08-02 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When thinking of intrepid travelers from past centuries, we don't usually put Muslim women at the top of the list. And yet, the stunning firsthand accounts in this collection completely upend preconceived notions of who was exploring the world. Editors Siobhan Lambert-Hurley, Daniel Majchrowicz, and Sunil Sharma recover, translate, annotate, and provide historical and cultural context for the 17th- to 20th-century writings of Muslim women travelers in ten different languages. Queens and captives, pilgrims and provocateurs, these women are diverse. Their connection to Islam is wide-ranging as well, from the devout to those who distanced themselves from religion. What unites these adventurers is a concern for other women they encounter, their willingness to record their experiences, and the constant thoughts they cast homeward even as they traveled a world that was not always prepared to welcome them. Perfect for readers interested in gender, Islam, travel writing, and global history, Three Centuries of Travel Writing by Muslim Women provides invaluable insight into how these daring women experienced the world—in their own voices.
Download or read book Treaties and International Agreements Registered Or Filed and Recorded with the Secretariat of the United Nations written by United Nations Staff and published by The Stationery Office. This book was released on 2003 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treaties and International Agreements Registered or Filed and Recorded with the Secretariat of the United Nations
Download or read book China s Maritime Silk Road Initiative and Southeast Asia written by Jean-Marc F. Blanchard and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-29 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book delves into the political-economy of China’s Maritime Silk Road Initiative (MSRI), part of the larger Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), with a focus on Southeast Asia (SEA). It represents the second in a three-part book series on China’s MSRI. It discusses the state of the MSRI in various SEA countries such as Indonesia and Myanmar, highlights the international and domestic economic and political factors that shape individual SEA country’s embrace of China’s scheme, and examines the effects of China’s MSRI in individual SEA countries such as Cambodia and Malaysia. It also contemplates the role of third parties such as India and the United States on the behaviors of SEA countries and the implementation of the MSRI. It shows the MSRI is neither a boon nor bust and that the MSRI’s progress and effects are contingent on many factors requiring attention by those wanting to understand China’s mega initiative.
Download or read book Indonesia Country Study Guide Volume 1 Strategic Informtion and Developments written by IBP, Inc and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2013-08-01 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Indonesia Country Study Guide - Strategic Information and Developments Volume 1 Strategic Information and Developments
Download or read book Papua Road Map written by Muridan S. Widjojo and published by Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia. This book was released on with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sources of the Papua conflict are grouped into four sets of issues. First, is the problem of the marginalization of indigenous Papuans, and the discriminatory impacts on them resulting from the economic development of, political conflicts in, and mass migrations to Papua since 1970. To respond to this problem, an affirmative policy of recognition must be developed to empower indigenous Papuans. The second issue is the failure of development, particularly in the fields of education, health, and people's economic empowerment. This requires a new paradigm of development, focused on improving public services for the welfare of indigenous Papuans in the villages. The third main problem is the contradictions that exist between Papuan and Jakartan constructions of political identity and history. This problem can only be settled through dialogue, along the lines of the dialogue that was conducted for Aceh. The fourth issue is accountability for past state violence toward Indonesian citizens in Papua. For this, a road to reconciliation must be cleared, on which courts of human rights and the disclosure of the truth are the means of choice for law and justice to be upheld in Papua, for the victims and their families in particular, and all Indonesian citizens of Papua in general. The above four issues and agendas can be woven together to form a mutually interrelated policy strategy for comprehensive long-term resolution of the Papuan conflict. The atmosphere of Reformasi, and the existence of the accommodative Law No. 21/2001 on Special Autonomy (UU Otsus), a responsive central government, as well as the very large size of Papua's budget, lead the LIPI team to have faith that the problems of Papua can be resolved with justice, peace and dignity.
