Download or read book Jointless Bridge Decks written by Paul Zia and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The major focus of this research was to validate the concept of connecting two adjacent simple-span girders with a link slab to form a jointless bridge deck so as to eliminate the standard deck joint between the girders. Laboratory tests were conducted on two large-scale specimens to study the performance of the link slab and the girders. The test results indicated that the contribution of link slab to structural continuity is negligible since the stiffness of the link slab is much less than that of the beams with composite decks. Therefore the beams can be treated as simply supported structures without considering the link slab. Furthermore, the stresses in the link slab are controlled primarily by the predominant bending effect due to the end rotations of the beams rather than the axial load effect. A simplified method of analysis is proposed in which the end rotations of the two adjacent girders under a given loading are determined first. Then the end rotations are imposed on the ends of the link slab and the induced moment in the link slab is thus calculated. A design guideline for the link slab is also proposed and illustrated by a design example. The reinforcement for the link slab is designed to control the crack width in the link slab according to the AASHTO criterion.

Download or read book Behavior of Jointless Bridge Decks written by Adel Kamal El-Safty and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Analysis and Design of Jointless Bridge Decks Supported by Simple span Girders written by Alp Caner and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Analysis of an Instrumented Jointless Bridge written by Mervyn J. Kowalsky and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Final Report on Field Demonstration of Durable Link Slabs for Jointless Bridge Decks Based on Strain hardening Cementitious Composites written by Victor C. Li and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research is on the development of durable link slabs for jointless bridge decks based on strain-hardening cementitious composite - engineered cementitious composite (ECC). Specifically the superior ductility of ECC was utilized to accommodate bridge deck deformations imposed by girder deflection, concrete shrinkage, and temperature variations, providing a cost-effective solution to a number of deterioration problems associated with bridge deck joints. In this phase 3, research was initiated at developing a solution for early age cracking observed on the Grove Street Bridge ECC link-slab. Systematic investigations (both numerical and experimental) have been conducted on identifying factors which cause early age cracking, replicating early age cracking behavior observed in the field, developing new ECC materials solution to prevent early age cracking, documenting new ECC fresh and hardened properties, verifying new ECC performance by means of the large frame restrained shrinkage test, and revising special provision of ECC link slab. Grove Street Bridge was monitored constantly over the whole project period.

Download or read book Jointless Bridges Bridge Deck Joints written by United States. Federal Highway Administration. Region 10 and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Final Report on Field Demonstration of Durable Link Slabs for Jointless Bridge Decks Based on Strain hardening Cementitious Composites written by Victor C. Li and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research is on the development of durable link slabs for jointless bridge decks based on strain-hardening cementitious composite - engineered cementitious composite (ECC). Specifically the superior ductility of ECC was utilized to accommodate bridge deck deformations imposed by girder deflection, concrete shrinkage, and temperature variations, providing a cost-effective solution to a number of deterioration problems associated with bridge deck joints. In this phase 3, research was initiated at developing a solution for early age cracking observed on the Grove Street Bridge ECC link-slab. Systematic investigations (both numerical and experimental) have been conducted on identifying factors which cause early age cracking, replicating early age cracking behavior observed in the field, developing new ECC materials solution to prevent early age cracking, documenting new ECC fresh and hardened properties, verifying new ECC performance by means of the large frame restrained shrinkage test, and revising special provision of ECC link slab. Grove Street Bridge was monitored constantly over the whole project period.

Download or read book Final Report on Durable Link Slabs for Jointless Bridge Decks Based on Strain hardening Cementitious Composites written by Victor Li and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Rapid Replacement of Bridge Decks written by Maher K. Tadros and published by Transportation Research Board. This book was released on 1998 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Jointless Bridges written by William Zuk and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presented is a summary of jointless bridge designs as twelve states; namely, California, Colorado, Idaho, Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Tennessee, Virginia, and Wisconsin. Most of these states use some form of integral abutments for their steel or concrete structures. Bridges of lengths up to about 600 ft. (180 m) constructed with integral abutments have performed satisfactorily over a number of years. Projected are jointless bridges over 900 ft. (270 m) in length.

Download or read book Analysis of an Instrumented Jointless Bridge written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Costs of replacement and maintenance of expansion joints are often a large part of the costs associated with bridge maintenance. To replace these expansion joints or eliminate some of them on structures could greatly reduce the costs. Link slab is a new design approach, which could replace the traditional expansion joints. A link slab is the portion of the bridge deck that connects two adjacent simple-span girders. Link slabs also reduce the damage to the substructure of bridges due to water penetration and debris accumulation in the expansion joint. The objective of this research is to validate the design assumptions associated with designing link slabs, investigate a limit states design procedure and develop a program for the long-term monitoring of an instrumented link slab. This thesis provides details about testing and analysis, which were useful in accomplishing the research objectives. It also provides information about the datalogger software that was used in this project and also details the computer program that was written in Microsoft Excel to aid in the data collection and sorting.

Download or read book Bridge Deck Analysis written by Damien L. Keogh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-08-09 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive text in the field of Bridge Deck behaviour and analysis Bridge Deck Analysis is an essential reference for civil and structural engineers. It provides bridge designers with the knowledge to understand the behaviour of bridge decks, to be familiar with, and to understand the various numerical modelling techniques, to know which technique is most suited. The book covers the grillage analogy, dedicates a chapter to the modelling and analysis of integral bridge forms and also provides guidance of the application of the finite element method.

Download or read book Combining Link Slab Deck Sliding Over Backwall and Revising Bearings written by Haluk Aktan and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The research was designed to respond to the concerns of the designers in terms of the design of specific components and field performance of a limited number of bridges retrofitted with the link slab deck system. Three tasks were performed in this project. The first task was to review and synthesize information related to the behavior, performance, design, and analysis of jointless bridges with link slabs. The second task was to document the distress at the sleeper slab and bearings in Michigan jointless bridges associated with the link slab, approach slab, abutments, pier caps, and expansion joints. The third and final task was to develop analysis models of the jointless bridge deck system including link slab, bearings, abutment types (deck sliding over backwall and backwall sliding over abutment), approach slab, and sleeper slab.

Download or read book High Skew Link Slab Bridge System with Deck Sliding Over Backwall Or Backwall Sliding Over Abutments written by Haluk Aktan and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new bridge design and construction trend to help improve durability and rideability is to remove expansion joints over piers and abutments. One approach to achieve this is to make the deck continuous over the piers by means of a link slab while the girders remain simply supported. The need to implement link slabs is indicated by AASHTO LRFD section 2.5.2.4 which requires using a minimum number of expansion joints to improve rideability. Further, due to durability concerns associated with bridge deck joints, it is preferred to have a least number of joints or develop jointless decks. The expansion joints over the abutments can be removed by one of three methods: deck sliding over back wall, semi-integral abutments, and integral abutments. This results in expansion joints at either or both ends of the approaches. The design concerns other than link slab include backwall and wing-wall design and bearing movement. The behavior of a jointless bridge brings about many challenges to bridge designers. The complexity is augmented when skew is involved. This report complements an earlier report based on previous research on Combining Link Slab, Deck Sliding Over Backwall and Revising Bearings (Aktan et al., 2008) where the behavior of straight and moderately skew (skew 200) link slab bridges were investigated and design recommendations were developed. This report describes the behavior and performance of high skew (skew 200) jointless bridges with link slabs and two abutment configurations. These abutment configurations are deck sliding over backwall and backwall sliding over abutments (i.e. semi-integral abutments). Four tasks were performed in this project. The first task was to review and synthesize information related to the behavior, performance, design, and analysis of skew bridges. The second task was field assessment of skew bridge behavior under static truck loads and thermal loads. The third task was analytical and numerical analysis of skew link slabs. The final task was analytical and numerical analysis of skew sliding deck over backwall systems and semi-integral abutments. Design recommendations are developed based on literature, field assessment data analysis, finite element modeling, and subsequent simulations of the numerous models developed in this project. One recommendation deals with the skew link slab design and the remaining recommendations are for bearing selection and selection and design of a transverse restraint system at abutments of skew link slab bridges.

Download or read book Various Bridge Design Issues written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Identification of Causes and Solution Strategies for Deck Cracking in Jointless Bridges written by David J. Stringer and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridges have traditionally relied on a system of expansion joints and flexible bearings to accommodate movements due to temperature, creep, and shrinkage loading. Joints and elements in their vicinity experience a high amount of degradation; thus modern design approaches are advocating their removal, with movement accommodated through flexible piles and abutment walls. While jointless bridges have been performing well, many of them suffer from widespread early-age transverse deck cracking. Restrained concrete shrinkage was identified as the most dominant source for the noted damage based on a literature review and a field investigation. Deck cracking is caused by the build-up of tensile forces resulting from the increased rigidity in jointless bridges. Experimentally calibrated finite-element models were used to predict deck cracking in two bridge systems under shrinkage-induced loading and a parametric study was conducted to investigate the influence of design parameters on restrained shrinkage cracking. Simulation results confirmed that the increase of system restraint increases the tendency for cracking. Models for steel and concrete beam bridges showed that both systems were equally susceptible to deck cracking due to restrained concrete shrinkage. The lowest amount of cracking was predicted for bridges with non-integral abutments, higher shear connector spacing, and a low-shrinkage concrete mix. Changing the deck reinforcement configuration had little effect on the predicted damage patterns. Use of a low-shrinkage concrete mix had the greatest impact on minimizing deck cracking. Overall, the computational simulations indicated that restrained shrinkage cracking in the decks of jointless bridges is unavoidable, but that modifying design details and improving concrete mixture designs can help reduce its extent.

Download or read book Analysis and Design of Link Slabs in Jointless Bridges With Fibre Reinforced Concrete written by Yu Hong and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many transportation agencies in Canada and the United States have explored alternatives to expansion joints in bridges due to high maintenance costs and poor joint durability. One of the alternatives is the use of link slab in a jointless bridge, which connects the adjacent bridge deck slabs at the pier, forming a continuous slab across the bridge spans. While the link slab system can provide the benefits of a continuous bridge deck, refinement of the design and detailing of the link slab itself is needed to optimize this bridge deck system and ensure long-term performance. Materials with high tensile strain capacity, such as fibre reinforced concrete (FRC), can be used for application in the link slab to improve the strength, durability and cracking characteristics of the link slab. In this study, four steps are used to address the research objectives. The first step of this research is to establish a computational model of an existing bridge (Camlachie Road Underpass). It is found that the model and modelling approach in SAP2000 closely predicted the field test results obtained by the Ministry of Transportation of Ontario (MTO). Additionally, it is established that the horizontal stiffness of the elastomeric bearings is very low and therefore the supports are representative of roller supports. Therefore, axial forces are not generated when there are no horizontal restraints in the supports. The second step is to examine the properties of FRC from experimental tests. Four-point bending tests are used to estimate the ultimate and service stresses of FRC using procedures from the fib Model Code (2010). It is found that the results from the fib Model Code are in agreement with the experimental beam tests by Cameron. Therefore, it is concluded that the fib Model Code procedures are valid for calculating the ultimate and service stresses in FRC, and are used in the computational and analytical models. The third step is to conduct a parametric study to provide a better understanding of link slab bridge behaviour to assess the impact of design decisions on the bridge response. It is found that the use of hooked steel fibres minimized the crack width of the link slab, and a debonded length a 5% to 7.5% is found to be optimal based on cost and serviceability. Moreover, it is found that fibres are more effective when less steel reinforcements are used in the link slab. Lastly, a parametric study is conducted on the computational model using non-linear analysis by including FRC in the computational model in the form of plastic hinges. It is concluded that the computational model has shown signs of cracking at the pier supports, which is consistent with the site observations during the MTO field test for the Camlachie Road Underpass. The final step is developing an analytical model (i.e., design guideline) on the analysis and design of link slab bridges with FRC. It is found that the proposed analytical model is able to closely represent the link slab bridge behaviour with very small difference (2-3%), whereas the current method of analysis using Caner and Zia's approach shows a larger prediction error (16%). For the link slab design with FRC, it is found that fibres in reinforced concrete helped increase the bending moment capacity of the link slab by more than 10% compared to normal reinforced concrete (without fibres). The use of polypropylene fibres and hooked steel fibres in the link slab reduces the required steel reinforcement by 3.5% and 21%, respectively, and the crack width of the link slab reduces by more than 3 times with the addition of fibres.