Download or read book John Locke and the Native Americans written by Nagamitsu Miura and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2013-11-18 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1990s, the relation between liberalism and colonialism has been one of the most important issues in Locke studies and also in the field of modern political thought. This present work is a unique contribution to discussion of this issue in that it elucidates Locke’s concept of the law of nature and his view of war. Locke’s law of nature includes, despite its ostensible universal validity, some particular rules which favour the rights of a European form of political society and individualistic land-acquisition at the sacrifice of native traditional land-rights and subsistence. Concerning wars between settlers and the natives, Locke’s concept of “punishment” in state of nature allows the militarily superior side to make a war with the inferior in disregard for the latter’s claim and nevertheless, after winning victory, proclaim its own just cause of war. By putting Locke’s discourse on colonization and war in the context of contemporary relations between English colonists and the natives, this book makes clear that the expansive element of his theory of property actually overbalanced his rule of limitation of property according to equitableness and that it, after all, undermines the general principles of freedom and equality of all in his law of nature.

Download or read book John Locke and America written by Barbara Arneil and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This treatise offers an original interpretation of Locke's doctrine of property, a full account of his writings and activities in relation to the Earl of Shaftesbury, and a new interpretation of Locke's lasting influence on American political thought.

Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Race written by Naomi Zack and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Oxford Handbook of Philosophy and Race provides up-to-date explanation and analyses by leading scholars in African American philosophy and philosophy of race. Fifty-one original essays cover major topics from intellectual history to contemporary social controversies in this emerging philosophical subfield that supports demographic inclusion and emphasizes cultural relevance."--[Source inconnue]

Download or read book The Great Ocean of Knowledge written by Ann Talbot and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2010-01-11 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the way in which, working within the investigative tradition associated with the Royal Society, the philosopher John Locke (1632-1704) used travellers' reports to develop a form of comparative social anthropology which was to inform his major philosophical works.

Download or read book The Book of the Navajo written by Raymond Friday Locke and published by Holloway House Publishing. This book was released on 2001 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Philosophy of the Western written by Jennifer L. McMahon and published by University Press of Kentucky. This book was released on 2010-07-02 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The western is arguably the most iconic and influential genre in American cinema. The solitude of the lone rider, the loyalty of his horse, and the unspoken code of the West render the genre popular yet lead it to offer a view of America's history that is sometimes inaccurate. For many, the western embodies America and its values. In recent years, scholars had declared the western genre dead, but a steady resurgence of western themes in literature, film, and television has reestablished the genre as one of the most important. In The Philosophy of the Western, editors Jennifer L. McMahon and B. Steve Csaki examine philosophical themes in the western genre. Investigating subjects of nature, ethics, identity, gender, environmentalism, and animal rights, the essays draw from a wide range of westerns including the recent popular and critical successes Unforgiven (1992), All the Pretty Horses (2000), 3:10 to Yuma (2007), and No Country for Old Men (2007), as well as literature and television serials such as Deadwood. The Philosophy of the Western reveals the influence of the western on the American psyche, filling a void in the current scholarship of the genre.

Download or read book Two Treatises of Government written by John Locke and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This analysis of all of Locke's publications quickly became established as the standard edition of the Treatises as well as a work of political theory in its own right.

Download or read book Honoring the Circle written by Sally Roesch Wagner Ain Haas and published by . This book was released on 2020-11-23 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Honoring the Circle: Ongoing Learning from American Indians on Politics and Society, Volume II: The Continuing Impact of American Indian Ways in North America and the World in the Nineteenth Century and Beyond shows the continuing dynamics of the strands of American Indian influenced thought, begun among colonists and founding Americans, shaping the U.S. with new Native influences. This was well recognized among Americans in 1800, who considered themselves a fusion of the European and the Indian. Andrew Jackson's forced removal of Indians to the west began to hide that reality. This can be seen with European image of the Indian Goddess, first envisioned as dressed in buckskins and feathers; by the time her statue was placed atop the U.S. capitol in 1863 as the Goddess of Liberty, the outer clothing had become that of a Roman Goddess, but the Indian Woman remained beneath. Early in the nineteenth century Indian influences were plainly visible in the writings of John C. Calhoun and in the many Tammany Societies, including New York's Tammany Hall, founded to promote discussion of issues of the day and named in honor of a Delaware chief. Building on the influence of Franklin, Jefferson and others, an American Philosophy of Pragmatism developed, with strong Native roots among its interacting strands. Important contributors were Emerson and Thoreau, who had considerable contact with Indians, and later Jane Addams, James, Peirce and Dewey. Indian voices that shaped U.S. affairs included those of William Apess, Black Hawk, Elias Boudinot and George Copway. Indian influences have continued in Pragmatism's off-shoots and interactions, blossoming in the twenty-first century with President Obama and the current progressive movement. The Women's liberation movement began at contact, as Europeans saw the balanced reciprocity of women and men in Native communities. Among its early advocates who had close relations with Indians were Lydia Maria Child and Catharine Maria Sedgwick. Later, Matilda Joslyn Gage and others were inspired by Haudenosaunee women, as the women's movement became a major force. From the start, the women's movement was involved with civil rights broadly, including Indian rights, with women forming much of the core of anti-slavery movement. The movement for African-American rights has long had Native and Pragmatic roots in the valuing of diversity, as seen in the work of W. E. B. Du Bois, Martin Luther King Jr., Richard Wright and Cornell West. The more recent gay, lesbian, and transgender movement also has inspiration from Native practice. Over time, a growing number of Indigenous Americans have become active in the U.S. mainstream. Charles Eastman, Ella Deloria and Nick Black Elk were early contributors to mainstream understanding of Indians, while Vine Deloria Jr. was one of those contributing directly to the Pragmatic tradition. A major stimulus for American and world appreciation of Indigenous American ways was the counterculture movement of the 1960s. Many young people sought out Indians, and took interest in Indian ways as a positive alternative to mainstream western culture. This, along with the civil rights movement. contributed greatly to a larger public interest in Native ways and assisted Indian renewal and the shift in U.S. Indian policy to self-determination. The environmental movement has been influenced since contact by Indigenous concerns for maintaining balance with nature. But it began with Indian-influenced Thoreau and Emerson. A significant number of environmentalists and activists, such as Baird Callicott and Gary Snyder, have stirred interest in Native relations with nature. There have been an increasing number of Native environmental professionals and activists. Indians have become leaders in the movement, as seen the recent oil pipeline protests at Standing Rock, while Native voices have been more prevalent in public life.

Download or read book The Dance of Person and Place written by Thomas M. Norton-Smith and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 2010-04-01 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uses the concept of “world-making” to provide an introduction to American Indian philosophy. Ever since first contact with Europeans, American Indian stories about how the world is have been regarded as interesting objects of study, but also as childish and savage, philosophically curious and ethically monstrous. Using the writings of early ethnographers and cultural anthropologists, early narratives told or written by Indians, and scholarly work by contemporary Native writers and philosophers, Shawnee philosopher Thomas M. Norton-Smith develops a rational reconstruction of American Indian philosophy as a dance of person and place. He views Native philosophy through the lens of a culturally sophisticated constructivism grounded in the work of contemporary American analytic philosopher Nelson Goodman, in which descriptions of the world (or “world versions”) satisfying certain criteria construct actual worlds—words make worlds. Ultimately, Norton-Smith argues that the Native ways of organizing experiences with spoken words and other performances construct real worlds as robustly as their Western counterparts, and, in so doing, he helps to bridge the chasm between Western and American Indian philosophical traditions. “ a deft and self-aware exemplification of the task of cross-cultural comparison The writing is accessible and shows a deft and helpful interplay between abstract language and concrete illustrative material.” — The Pluralist “Norton-Smith does a good job illustrating how worlds are created through language and how language itself contains philosophy.” — H-Net Reviews (H-Environment) “ Norton-Smith offers an insightful discussion of Native American epistemological concepts This book is an excellent exercise for all philosophy students as an expansion of worldviews and an examination of Western epistemological foundations and biases. It also offers an insightful discussion of indigenous philosophy for both philosophy and indigenous scholars Highly recommended.” ? CHOICE “The author opens a unique and exciting avenue for philosophical discourse by demonstrating a method of inquiry that provides a new way of interpreting Native thinking, a method that not only promotes Native philosophical systems but allows for greater communication between Western and Native philosophers.” — Lorraine Mayer, author of Cries from a Métis Heart “Challenging and provocative, this book is a great step forward in the conversation of academic Indigenous philosophy.” — Brian Yazzie Burkhart, Pitzer College

Download or read book The New Negro written by Alain Locke and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ethnic Cleansing and the Indian written by Gary Clayton Anderson and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2014-03-10 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mention “ethnic cleansing” and most Americans are likely to think of “sectarian” or “tribal” conflict in some far-off locale plagued by unstable or corrupt government. According to historian Gary Clayton Anderson, however, the United States has its own legacy of ethnic cleansing, and it involves American Indians. In Ethnic Cleansing and the Indian, Anderson uses ethnic cleansing as an analytical tool to challenge the alluring idea that Anglo-American colonialism in the New World constituted genocide. Beginning with the era of European conquest, Anderson employs definitions of ethnic cleansing developed by the United Nations and the International Criminal Court to reassess key moments in the Anglo-American dispossession of American Indians. Euro-Americans’ extensive use of violence against Native peoples is well documented. Yet Anderson argues that the inevitable goal of colonialism and U.S. Indian policy was not to exterminate a population, but to obtain land and resources from the Native peoples recognized as having legitimate possession. The clashes between Indians, settlers, and colonial and U.S. governments, and subsequent dispossession and forcible migration of Natives, fit the modern definition of ethnic cleansing. To support the case for ethnic cleansing over genocide, Anderson begins with English conquerors’ desire to push Native peoples to the margin of settlement, a violent project restrained by the Enlightenment belief that all humans possess a “natural right” to life. Ethnic cleansing comes into greater analytical focus as Anderson engages every major period of British and U.S. Indian policy, especially armed conflict on the American frontier where government soldiers and citizen militias alike committed acts that would be considered war crimes today. Drawing on a lifetime of research and thought about U.S.-Indian relations, Anderson analyzes the Jacksonian “Removal” policy, the gold rush in California, the dispossession of Oregon Natives, boarding schools and other “benevolent” forms of ethnic cleansing, and land allotment. Although not amounting to genocide, ethnic cleansing nevertheless encompassed a host of actions that would be deemed criminal today, all of which had long-lasting consequences for Native peoples.

Download or read book Two Treatises of Government written by John Locke and published by Everyman Paperback. This book was released on 1993-12-15 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: John Locke laid the groundwork of modern liberalism. He argued that political societies exist to defend the lives, liberties and properties of their citizens and that no government has any authority except by the consent of the people. When rulers became tyrants and act against the common good, then the people have the right of revolution against them. Writing against the backdrop of Charles II's savage purge of the Whig movement, Locke set out to attack the fabric of the divine right of rulers. The rights of property– owners, of Native Americans, and of women and children, the need for economic improvement, the separation of commands, and the nature and limits of consent—these are all topics within Locke's compass and make this book the subject of intense debate. This is the first modernized edition of the Two Treatises based on Locke's own corrected text as he left it for posterity at his death. It includes an introduction, chronology of Locke's life and times, extensive glossary and keyword index.

Download or read book Nature s God The Heretical Origins of the American Republic written by Matthew Stewart and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2014-07-01 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Longlisted for the National Book Award. Where did the ideas come from that became the cornerstone of American democracy? America’s founders intended to liberate us not just from one king but from the ghostly tyranny of supernatural religion. Drawing deeply on the study of European philosophy, Matthew Stewart brilliantly tracks the ancient, pagan, and continental ideas from which America’s revolutionaries drew their inspiration. In the writings of Spinoza, Lucretius, and other great philosophers, Stewart recovers the true meanings of “Nature’s God,” “the pursuit of happiness,” and the radical political theory with which the American experiment in self-government began.

Download or read book Selling the Indian written by Carter Jones Meyer and published by University of Arizona Press. This book was released on 2001-08-01 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than a hundred years, outsiders enamored of the perceived strengths of American Indian cultures have appropriated and distorted elements of them for their own purposes—more often than not ignoring the impact of the process on the Indians themselves. This book contains eight original contributions that consider the selling of American Indian culture and how it affects the Native community. It goes beyond studies of “white shamanism” to focus on commercial ventures, challenging readers to reconsider how Indian cultures have been commercialized in the twentieth century. Some selections examine how Indians have been displayed to the public, beginning with a “living exhibit” of Cocopa Indians at the 1904 Louisiana Purchase Exposition and extending to contemporary stagings of Indian culture for tourists at Tillicum Village near Seattle. Other chapters range from the Cherokees to Puebloan peoples to Indians of Chiapas, Mexico, in an examination of the roles of both Indians and non-Indian reformers in marketing Native arts and crafts. These articles show that the commercialization and appropriation of American Indian cultures have been persistent practices of American society over the last century and constitute a form of cultural imperialism that could contribute to the destruction of American Indian culture and identity. They offer a means toward understanding this complex process and provide a new window on Indian-white interactions. CONTENTS Part I: Staging the Indian 1. The “Shy” Cocopa Go to the Fair, Nancy J. Parezo and John W. Troutman 2. Command Performances: Staging Native Americans at Tillicum Village, Katie N. Johnson and Tamara Underiner 3. Savage Desires: The Gendered Construction of the American Indian in Popular Media, S. Elizabeth Bird 4. “Beyond Feathers and Beads”: Interlocking Narratives in the Music and Dance of Tokeya Inajin (Kevin Locke), Pauline Tuttle Part II: Marketing the Indian 5. “The Idea of Help”: White Women Reformers and the Commercialization of Native American Women’s Arts, Erik Trump 6. Saving the Pueblos: Commercialism and Indian Reform in the 1920s, Carter Jones Meyer 7. Marketing Traditions: Cherokee Basketry and Tourist Economies, Sarah H. Hill 8. Crafts, Tourism, and Traditional Life in Chiapas, Mexico: A Tale Related by a Pillowcase, Chris Goertzen

Download or read book A Century of Dishonor written by Helen Hunt Jackson and published by . This book was released on 1885 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Honoring the Circle written by Bruce E Johansen and published by . This book was released on 2020-11-23 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Honoring the Circle: Ongoing Learning from American Indians on Politics and Society, Volume I: The Impact of American Indians on Western Politics and Society to 1800 illuminates the tremendous impact American Indians have had on political, economic and social ideas, institutions and ways since first contact with Europeans. Recognizing that when people of different cultures interact, cultural exchange occurs, Volume I analyzes how traditional inclusive, participatory and mutually supportive American Indian societies functioned well, enabling their strong influence on the West. At contact Indians, wishing good neighbors, worked closely with early European settlers to educate them in Native ways. To varying degrees this Indianized the Europeans, leading to appreciation of democracy and diversity, in an Indianized American culture. Cultural impact is revealed in early American literature. It is distinct from Europe's, by its inclusion of the Indian. Native Americans were well respected in the English colonies, which applied Indian ways of council in town meetings and elected assemblies. By the time of the American Revolution, Indian symbols were in wide use in the colonies. Most European Americans identified as being a mix of the European and the Indian. The Sons of Liberty dressed as Mohawks in the Boston Tea Party out of respect and identification with Native ways. Important leaders such as Roger Williams, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson and Thomas Paine interacted regularly with Indians. Moved by Native views of fundamental rights, political participation and federalism, they adopted such principles in American political institutions as in the Declaration of Independence, Articles of Confederation, Constitution and state constitutions. Indian-style respectful discourse was widely adopted, including in procedures of the US Congress, contrasting with the rowdiness of Britain's Parliament. In Europe, from first contact, a flood of reports was received from the Americas with great interest on how Indigenous Americans "had no kings" or property. While among Europeans there was a mix of positive and negative views of Natives of "the New World," reports were overwhelmingly positive about Indians' freedom and good character. These reports had great impact on European thinkers. Beginning with Thomas More's Utopia, in 1519, numerous writers, including Montaigne and Voltaire, used Indian characters and imagined Indian societies to critique European societies and politics. Every major Western political philosophical tradition has been greatly affected by contact with Native Americans. Thomas Hobbes, who had negative views of Indians, began one of the two major shifts in mainstream Western thought resulting from interaction with Indians. Previously, nature had been seen as the end to which something aspired. Beginning with Hobbes, nature became seen as the origin from which things arose, with Indians living in, or near, a "state of nature." The second Indian-influenced shift came with John Locke. For the first time in Europe, he expressed the idea that rights were inalienable. Locke was greatly influenced by Indian ways, though his reaction to those ways sometimes involved agreeing with them, sometimes opposing them, and sometimes inspiring new trains of thought. His Indian-influenced ideas, like those of others in Europe, often reverberated to great effect in America. The ideas of Rousseau, more Indian-influenced than Locke, carried Native influence to the French Revolution and New Deal Liberalism. Socialist and anarchist thinkers' views were greatly affected by Indian influences transmitted through such writers. Honoring the Circle recognizes that Indian-inspired perspectives are one of many organic chains of interacting ideas--absorbed, reformulated and passed on by creative individuals interacting in interweaving cultures.

Download or read book The American Yawp written by Joseph L. Locke and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2019-01-22 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "I too am not a bit tamed—I too am untranslatable / I sound my barbaric yawp over the roofs of the world."—Walt Whitman, "Song of Myself," Leaves of Grass The American Yawp is a free, online, collaboratively built American history textbook. Over 300 historians joined together to create the book they wanted for their own students—an accessible, synthetic narrative that reflects the best of recent historical scholarship and provides a jumping-off point for discussions in the U.S. history classroom and beyond. Long before Whitman and long after, Americans have sung something collectively amid the deafening roar of their many individual voices. The Yawp highlights the dynamism and conflict inherent in the history of the United States, while also looking for the common threads that help us make sense of the past. Without losing sight of politics and power, The American Yawp incorporates transnational perspectives, integrates diverse voices, recovers narratives of resistance, and explores the complex process of cultural creation. It looks for America in crowded slave cabins, bustling markets, congested tenements, and marbled halls. It navigates between maternity wards, prisons, streets, bars, and boardrooms. The fully peer-reviewed edition of The American Yawp will be available in two print volumes designed for the U.S. history survey. Volume I begins with the indigenous people who called the Americas home before chronicling the collision of Native Americans, Europeans, and Africans.The American Yawp traces the development of colonial society in the context of the larger Atlantic World and investigates the origins and ruptures of slavery, the American Revolution, and the new nation's development and rebirth through the Civil War and Reconstruction. Rather than asserting a fixed narrative of American progress, The American Yawp gives students a starting point for asking their own questions about how the past informs the problems and opportunities that we confront today.