Download or read book Medical Charlatanism in Early Modern Italy written by David Gentilcore and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2006-09-21 with total page 443 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the mid-sixteenth century onwards, the Italian Protomedicato tribunals, Colleges of Physicians, or Health Offices (jurisdiction varied from state to state) required charlatans to submit their wares for inspection and, upon approval, pay a licence fee in order to set up a stage from which to perform and sell them. The licensing of charlatans became an administrative routine. As far as the medical magistracies were concerned, charlatans had a defineable identity, constituting a specific trade or occupation. This book studies the way charlatans were represented, by contemporaries and by historians, how they saw themselves and, most importantly, it reconstructs the place of charlatans in early modern Italy. It explores the goods and services charlatans provided, their dealings with the public and their marketing strategies. It does so from a range of perspectives: social, cultural, economic, political, geographical, biographical and, of course, medical. Charlatans are not just some curiosity on the fringes of medicine: they offered health care to an extraordinarily wide sector of the population. Moreover, from their origins in Renaissance Italy, the Italian ciarlatano was the prototype for itinerant medical practitioners throughout Europe. This book offers a different look at charlatans. It is the first to take seriously the licences issued to charlatans in the Italian states, compiling them into a 'charlatans database' of over 1,300 charlatans active throughout Italy over the course of some three centuries. In addition, it makes use of other types of archival documents, such as trial records and wills, to give the charlatans a human face, as well as a wide range of artistic and printed sources, not forgetting the output of the charlatans themselves, in the form of handbills and pamphlets.
Download or read book Medicine and the Italian Universities 1250 1600 written by Siraisi and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-02-07 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume collects essays published in the last 20 years. They deal with medicine in the university world of thirteenth to sixteenth century Italy, discussing both the internal academic milieu of teaching and learning and its relation to the lively urban social, economic, and cultural context in which medieval and Renaissance Italian university medicine grew up. Topics covered include the complex interaction of continuity and change in the transition from scholastic to humanistic medicine; humanist presentations of medical lives; the activities of physicians who moved among the worlds of academic learning, princely courts, and city life; the teaching of practical medicine; the relations of medical and surgical learning and practice; and the influence on medical writing of a variety of elements in the broader surrounding intellectual culture.
Download or read book Organization and Financing of Public Health Services in Europe written by Centers of Disease Control and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2018-06-29 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What are public health services? Countries across Europe understand what they are or what they should include differently. This study describes the experiences of nine countries detailing the ways they have opted to organize and finance public health services and train and employ their public health workforce. It covers England France Germany Italy the Netherlands Slovenia Sweden Poland and the Republic of Moldova and aims to give insights into current practice that will support decision-makers in their efforts to strengthen public health capacities and services. Each country chapter captures the historical background of public health services and the context in which they operate; sets out the main organizational structures; assesses the sources of public health financing and how it is allocated; explains the training and employment of the public health workforce; and analyses existing frameworks for quality and performance assessment. The study reveals a wide range of experience and variation across Europe and clearly illustrates two fundamentally different approaches to public health services: integration with curative health services (as in Slovenia or Sweden) or organization and provision through a separate parallel structure (Republic of Moldova). The case studies explore the context that explain this divergence and its implications. This study is the result of close collaboration between the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies and the WHO Regional Office for Europe Division of Health Systems and Public Health. It accompanies two other Observatory publications Organization and financing of public health services in Europe and The role of public health organizations in addressing public health problems in Europe: the case of obesity alcohol and antimicrobial resistance (both forthcoming).
Download or read book Medicine and the Italian Universities written by Nancy G. Siraisi and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2001 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of collected essays deals with medicine in the university world of thirteenth to sixteenth century Italy, discussing both the internal academic milieu of teaching and learning and its relation to the surrounding culture of medieval and Renaissance Italian cities.
Download or read book Forbidden Knowledge written by Hannah Marcus and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2020-09-25 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Wonderful . . . offers and provokes meditation on the timeless nature of censorship, its practices, its intentions and . . . its (unintended) outcomes.” —Times Higher Education Forbidden Knowledge explores the censorship of medical books from their proliferation in print through the prohibitions placed on them during the Counter-Reformation. How and why did books banned in Italy in the sixteenth century end up back on library shelves in the seventeenth? Historian Hannah Marcus uncovers how early modern physicians evaluated the utility of banned books and facilitated their continued circulation in conversation with Catholic authorities. Through extensive archival research, Marcus highlights how talk of scientific utility, once thought to have begun during the Scientific Revolution, in fact began earlier, emerging from ecclesiastical censorship and the desire to continue to use banned medical books. What’s more, this censorship in medicine, which preceded the Copernican debate in astronomy by sixty years, has had a lasting impact on how we talk about new and controversial developments in scientific knowledge. Beautiful illustrations accompany this masterful, timely book about the interplay between efforts at intellectual control and the utility of knowledge. “Marcus deftly explains the various contradictions that shaped the interactions between Catholic authorities and the medical and scientific communities of early modern Italy, showing how these dynamics defined the role of outside expertise in creating 'Catholic Knowledge' for centuries to come.” —Annals of Science “An important study that all scholars and advanced students of early modern Europe will want to read, especially those interested in early modern medicine, religion, and the history of the book. . . . Highly recommended.” —Choice
Download or read book Forgotten Healers written by Sharon T. Strocchia and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2019-12-17 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Winner of the Margaret W. Rossiter History of Women in Science Prize A new history uncovers the crucial role women played in the great transformations of medical science and health care that accompanied the Italian Renaissance. In Renaissance Italy women played a more central role in providing health care than historians have thus far acknowledged. Women from all walks of life—from household caregivers and nurses to nuns working as apothecaries—drove the Italian medical economy. In convent pharmacies, pox hospitals, girls’ shelters, and homes, women were practitioners and purveyors of knowledge about health and healing, making significant contributions to early modern medicine. Sharon Strocchia offers a wealth of new evidence about how illness was diagnosed and treated, whether by noblewomen living at court or poor nurses living in hospitals. She finds that women expanded on their roles as health care providers by participating in empirical work and the development of scientific knowledge. Nuns, in particular, were among the most prominent manufacturers and vendors of pharmaceutical products. Their experiments with materials and techniques added greatly to the era’s understanding of medical care. Thanks to their excellence in medicine urban Italian women had greater access to commerce than perhaps any other women in Europe. Forgotten Healers provides a more accurate picture of the pursuit of health in Renaissance Italy. More broadly, by emphasizing that the frontlines of medical care are often found in the household and other spaces thought of as female, Strocchia encourages us to rethink the history of medicine.
Download or read book Medicine and Humanism in Late Medieval Italy written by Sarah R. Kyle and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-08-12 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first study to consider the extraordinary manuscript now known as the Carrara Herbal (British Library, Egerton 2020) within the complex network of medical, artistic and intellectual traditions from which it emerged. The manuscript contains an illustrated, vernacular copy of the thirteenth-century pharmacopeia by Ibn Sarābī, an Arabic-speaking Christian physician working in al-Andalus known in the West as Serapion the Younger. By 1290, Serapion’s treatise was available in Latin translation and circulated widely in medical schools across the Italian peninsula. Commissioned in the late fourteenth century by the prince of Padua, Francesco II ‘il Novello’ da Carrara (r. 1390–1405), the Carrara Herbal attests to the growing presence of Arabic medicine both inside and outside of the University. Its contents speak to the Carrara family’s historic role as patrons and protectors of the Studium, yet its form – a luxury book in Paduan dialect adorned with family heraldry and stylistically diverse representations of plants – locates it in court culture. In particular, the manuscript’s form connects Serapion’s treatise to patterns of book collection and rhetorics of self-making encouraged by humanists and practiced by Francesco’s ancestors. Beginning with Petrarch (1304–74) and continuing with Pier Paolo Vergerio (ca. 1369–1444), humanists held privileged positions in the Carrara court, and humanist culture vied with the University’s successes for leading roles in Carrara self-promotion. With the other illustrated books in the prince’s collection, the Herbal negotiated these traditional arenas of family patronage and brought them into confluence, promoting Francesco as an ideal ‘physician prince’ capable of ensuring the moral and physical health of Padua. Considered in this way, the Carrara Herbal is the product of an intersection between the Pan-Mediterranean transmission of medical knowledge and the rise of humanism in the Italian courts, an intersection typically attributed to the later Renaissance.
Download or read book Observations on the Principal Medical Institutions of France Italy and Germany with Notices of the Universities and Cases from Hospital Practice written by Edwin Lee and published by . This book was released on 1843 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spaces Objects and Identities in Early Modern Italian Medicine written by Sandra Cavallo and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-03-25 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection, by an international team of scholars, presentsexciting research currently being undertaken on early modern Italywhich questions the conventional boundaries of medical history. Brings together historians of medicine and scholars ofdifferent backgrounds who are re-visiting the field from newperspectives and with the support of innovative questions andunexplored sources Explores crucial areas of intersection between the territory ofmedicine and that of law, politics, religion, art and materialculture and highlights the connections between these apparentlyseparate fields Challenges our understanding of what we regard as medicalactivities, medical identities, spaces and objects Addresses the study of medical careers, medical identities andspaces where medical activities were performed e.g. apothecaryshops, courtrooms, convents and museums
Download or read book Observations on the Principal Medical Institutions and Practice of France Italy and Germany written by Edwin Lee and published by . This book was released on 1837 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book U S Navy Medicine written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Old time Makers of Medicine written by James Joseph Walsh and published by Books Explorer. This book was released on 1911 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book "Old-Time Maker, Medicine" is a tremendous contribution to the history of pioneers, practice, and medical thought. James J. Walsh offers a comprehensive evaluation of exactly how medicine has evolved due to personal genius and the wider cultural, political, and intellectual current of the period. A more complete historical context specific to this work: Historical Context for "Old-Time Makers of Medicine" Ancient Foundations: Spiritual and religious views were strongly associated in ancient civilizations through medicine. Egyptians, Greeks, and the Mesopotamians combined divinity and health, assuming that diseases had been both natural functions in addition to divine punishments. The Greeks especially started emphasizing the significance of natural reasons for diseases. This marked a major advancement from blaming illnesses exclusively on the whims of god. Interplay of Civilizations: The Roman Empire had a huge expanse and absorbed and gathered medical knowledge from each one of the territories it conquered, including Greece. The outcome was a rich tapestry of practical yet profoundly Greek - rational medical thought. As Europe entered the Dark Ages post the fall of the Roman Empire, the torchbearers of medical and scientific knowledge had been the Islamic civilizations. They not only preserved Greek and Roman sources but also expanded on them, creating complete medical works. The Church and medieval Europe: Europe experienced upheavals and invasion throughout the early medieval period. The Church was a significant preserver of knowledge throughout turbulent times. The monasteries served as sites of repose and study for old texts. Universities appeared in Europe as stability resurfaced with time. The foundations for formal medical education were laid by these institutions while they routinely studied medicine. Renaissance - A Rebirth: Art, science, and thought experienced a rebirth throughout the Renaissance. A return to classical sources entails re - reading ancient Greek and Roman texts. This period also saw challenges to traditional thoughts. The universal acceptance of Galenic medicine was disputed and oftentimes denied, particularly with the growth of exact anatomical studies. Cultural and Intellectual Currents: Medicine wasn't restricted to managing ailments during these times. The society's wider intellectual currents were reflected in it. Each period had a taste which shaped medical thought, whether it had been the philosophical view of the Greeks, the pragmatic stance of the Romans, the scientific pursuits of the Islamic Golden Age or the humanistic tendencies of Renaissance.
Download or read book The International Society for Gender Medicine written by Marianne Legato J and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-08-24 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Society for Gender Medicine: History and Highlights is about a major step in the improvement of quality in medicine, namely the long overdue understanding that women are different from men in every system of the body and may require different approaches in diagnosis and treatment. This is not a textbook, nor is it a scientific publication. It is the story of the International Society for Gender Medicine (IGM) as soon through the eyes of 12 pioneers of Gender and Sex Specific Medicine (GSSM) from seven countries, five of whom were the founds of IGM in 2006. It describes the development of this new science in the respective countries and academic environments of the authors, their very personal experience while promoting, and implementing their vision of GSSM, their frustrations, successes, and achievements. The field of gender-specific medicine examines how normal human biology and physiology differ between men and women and how the diagnosis and treatment of disease differs as a function of gender and sex. Among the areas of greatest difference are cardiovascular disease, mood disorders, the immune system, cancer, osteoporosis, diabetes, obesity, and infectious diseases. This book is essential reading for all researchers, graduate students, practitioners, and anyone interested in this diverse and thriving field. From the early beginning, to the recent NIH mandate that females be included in pre-clinical as well as clinical research and that research results be reported by sex, the quick read will broaden your understanding of the history of the field and highlight where the future is headed. - Illustrates how major universities and organizations around the world concentrated first on the unexplored world of women's biology and then progressively adopted the larger view of the importance of investigating and comparing both sexes through all levels of biomedical research - Notes the recent NIH statement that funding would depend on inclusion of two sexes in scientific protocols wherever possible as an important affirmation of the legitimacy of gender specific science - Addresses challenges for the future: how to incorporate both sexes in investigative protocols in a scientifically valid way, and whether or not the cost of including two sexes in protocols will be prohibitively expensive - Dispels the idea that gender-specific medicine is women's medicine and how changing the name of most of the organizations currently advocating and developing gender specific medicine to include men and women (rather than just women) in their group name would help dispel this notion
Download or read book Old Time Makers of Medicine written by James J. Walsh and published by Prabhat Prakashan. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Old-Time Makers of Medicine by James J. Walsh: In this informative and engaging work, James J. Walsh introduces readers to the lives and contributions of notable figures in the history of medicine. From ancient healers to Renaissance physicians, "Old-Time Makers of Medicine" offers a captivating journey through the milestones and personalities that have shaped the medical field throughout history. Key Aspects of the Book "Old-Time Makers of Medicine": Medical History: Walsh's book provides a comprehensive overview of medical history, showcasing the advancements made by key figures in the field. Biographical Insights: The book offers biographical sketches of influential physicians, offering insights into their lives, challenges, and groundbreaking contributions. Medical Traditions: "Old-Time Makers of Medicine" sheds light on the historical context and traditions that influenced medical practices throughout the ages. James J. Walsh was an American physician, author, and historian born in 1865. He was an expert in the history of medicine and contributed significantly to medical literature. Through his writings, Walsh aimed to popularize medical history and promote a deeper understanding of the evolution of medical science.
Download or read book Makers of Modern Medicine written by James Joseph Walsh and published by . This book was released on 1907 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A History of Medicine written by Arturo Castiglioni and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-01-15 with total page 1317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1941, A History of Medicine provides a detailed and comprehensive guide to the advancement of medicine, from Ancient Egypt, and Ancient Babylonia, all the way up to the 20th century. The book looks at the close relationship between the progress of medicine and its advancement of civilization, it covers the development of medicine from, old magical rites, religious creeds, classical Hippocratism and revolutionary discoveries, while looking at the associated economic, intellectual, and political conditions of life in different nations, during different times. The book provides an essential and detailed look at the rich history of medicine and how it has impacted society.
Download or read book Routledge Revivals Medieval Italy 2004 written by Christopher Kleinhenz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 1648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 2004, Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia provides an introduction to the many and diverse facets of Italian civilization from the late Roman empire to the end of the fourteenth century. It presents in two volumes articles on a wide range of topics including history, literature, art, music, urban development, commerce and economics, social and political institutions, religion and hagiography, philosophy and science. This illustrated, A-Z reference is a cross-disciplinary resource and will be of key interest not only to students and scholars of history but also to those studying a range of subjects, as well as the general reader.
