Download or read book Issues Related to the Construction and Operation of a Geological Disposal Facility for Nuclear Fuel Waste in Crystalline Rock written by Colin J. Allan and published by Pinawa, Man. : Whiteshell Laboratories. This book was released on 1997 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Issues related to the construction and operation of a geological disposal facility for nuclear fuel waste in crystalline rock the Canadian experience written by C. J. Allan and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aecl has submitted an environmental impact statement (eis) to evaluate the concept of nuclear fuel disposal at depth in crystalline rock of the canadian shield. in this disposal concept used fuel would be emplaced in corrosion-resistant containers which would be surrounded by clay-based buffer and backfill materials. once groundwater is able to penetrate the buffer and corrosion-resistant container, radionuclides could be transported from the waste form to the surrounding geosphere, and eventually to the biosphere. the release of radionuclides from the waste form and their subsequent transport would be determined by the geochemistry of the disposal vault and surrounding geosphere. organic substances affect the geochemistry of radionuclides through complexation reactions that increase solubility and alter mobility, be affecting the redox of certain radionuclides and be providing food for microbes. the purpose of this study was to determine whether the buffer and backfill materials proposed for use in a disposal vault contain organics that could be leached by groundwarer in large enough quantities to complex with radionuclides and affect their mobility within the disposal vault and surrounding geosphere. buffer material, made from a mixture of 50 wt.% avonlea sodium bentonite and 50 wt.% silica sand, was extracted with deionized water to determine the release of dissolved organic carbon, humic acid and fulvic acid. the effect of radiation and heat from the used fuel was simulated by treating samples of buffer before leaching to various amounts of heat (60 degrees c and 90 degrees c) for periods of 2,4 and 6 weeks, and to ionizing radiation with doses of 25 kgy and 50 kgy. humic substances were isolated from the leachates to determine the concentrations of humic and fulvic acids and to determine their functional group content by acid-base titrations. the results showed that groundwater could leach significant amounts of organics that would complex with radionuclides such as the actinides, affecting their solubility and transport within the disposal vault and possible the surrounding geosphere. heating and radiation affect the amount and nature of leachable organics. however, one of the key parameters that needs to be addressed is the mobility of organic molecules through an intact buffer and backfill.
Download or read book Geological Repository Systems for Safe Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuels and Radioactive Waste written by Michael J Apted and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-05-25 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geological Repository Systems for Safe Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuels and Radioactive Waste, Second Edition, critically reviews state-of-the-art technologies and scientific methods relating to the implementation of the most effective approaches to the long-term, safe disposition of nuclear waste, also discussing regulatory developments and social engagement approaches as major themes. Chapters in Part One introduce the topic of geological disposal, providing an overview of near-surface, intermediate depth, and deep borehole disposal, spanning low-, medium- and high-level wastes. Part Two addresses the different types of repository systems – crystalline, clay, and salt, also discussing methods of site surveying and construction. The critical safety issue of engineered barrier systems is the focus of Part Three, with coverage ranging from nuclear waste canisters, to buffer and backfill materials. Lastly, Parts Four and Five focus on safety, security, and acceptability, concentrating on repository performance assessment, then radiation protection, environmental monitoring, and social engagement. Comprehensively revised, updated, and expanded with 25% new material on topics of current importance, this is the standard reference for all nuclear waste management and geological repository professionals and researchers. Contains 25% more material on topics of current importance in this new, comprehensive edition Fully updated coverage of both near-surface/intermediate depth, and deep borehole disposal in one convenient volume Goes beyond the scientific and technical aspects of disposal to include the political, regulatory, and societal issues involved, all from an international perspective
Download or read book Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste written by Commission of the European Communities and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geologic Disposal of Low and Intermediate Level Radioactive Waste written by Roland Pusch and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-04-07 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book will address concepts and techniques for preparation and disposal of low- (LLW) and intermediate-level (ILW) radioactive waste from the nuclear industry, the weapons industry, university labs, research institutes, and from the commercial industry. It will aid decision-makers in finding optimal technical/economical solutions, including how site investigations, design, construction, identification and selection of construction materials (clay and concrete), and monitoring can be made. It will also examine techniques for isolating soil and rock contaminated by leaking nuclear plants and from damaged nuclear reactors such as those at the Fukushima and Chernobyl nuclear plants.
Download or read book Disposition of High Level Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-07-05 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focused attention by world leaders is needed to address the substantial challenges posed by disposal of spent nuclear fuel from reactors and high-level radioactive waste from processing such fuel. The biggest challenges in achieving safe and secure storage and permanent waste disposal are societal, although technical challenges remain. Disposition of radioactive wastes in a deep geological repository is a sound approach as long as it progresses through a stepwise decision-making process that takes advantage of technical advances, public participation, and international cooperation. Written for concerned citizens as well as policymakers, this book was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, and waste management organizations in eight other countries.
Download or read book Geologic Disposal of High Level Radioactive Waste written by Roland Pusch and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geologic Disposal of High-Level Radioactive Waste examines the fundamental knowledge and conditions to be considered and applied by planners and other professionals when establishing national repository concepts, and constructing repositories for the long-term isolation of highly radioactive waste from surrounding crystalline rock. It emphasizes the important roles of structural geology, hydrogeology, hydrochemistry, and construction techniques. It specifically examines the disposal of steel canisters with spent reactor fuel in mined repositories (MR) at medium-depth, and in very deep boreholes (VDH). While disposal in mined repositories has been widely tested, the option of placing high-level radioactive waste in deep boreholes has been considered in the US, UK, and elsewhere in Europe, but has not yet been tested on a broad scale. This book examines the possibility of safe disposal for very long periods, proposing that the high salt content and density of groundwater at large depths are such that potentially contaminated water would not rise high enough to affect the more shallow biosphere. Features: Presents the best practices for disposal of spent fuel from nuclear reactors. Assesses waste isolation capacities in short- and long-term perspectives, and the associated risks. Describes site selection principles and the economics of construction of different types of repositories. Includes an appendix which provides the latest international recommendations and guidelines concerning the disposal of highly radioactive waste.
Download or read book Guidelines on Interim Performance Constraints for Radioactive Waste Disposal in Crystalline Rock written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Geological Disposal of Nuclear Waste written by Neil A. Chapman and published by . This book was released on 1987-04-28 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Geological Disposal of Nuclear Waste Neil A. Chapman and Ian G. McKinley The disposal of radioactive wastes is becoming a central issue in the nuclear debate and any consideration of the future of nuclear power, and its effect on the environment, must take waste management into account. Nuclear waste is currently a significant political issue in Western Europe and North America and is becoming increasingly important in all other countries with existing or planned nuclear programmes. This is the first book to tackle in a comprehensive and integrated fashion the problems associated with the geological disposal of nuclear waste. International research and development launched during the last decade has enabled the authors to describe detailed concepts for the long-term management and disposal of such material. The level of presentation is such that readers with high school science will be able to understand the issues involved. However, the broad scope of coverage with references provided throughout as well as a guide to the key sources of information, make this an invaluable book for both the researcher and the lay environmental scientist.
Download or read book Geology of High Level Nuclear Waste Disposal written by I.S. Roxburgh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste written by OECD Nuclear Energy Agency. Co-ordinating Group on Geological Disposal of Radioactive Waste and published by Nuclear Energy Agency, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Montréal : Renouf]. This book was released on 1982 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Compte Rendu D une R union de Travail Sur L vacuation Des D chets Radioactifs Dans Les Formations G ologiques written by OECD Nuclear Energy Agency and published by Nuclear Energy Agency, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ; [Washington, D.C. : OECD Publications and Information Center. This book was released on 1983 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Geologic Repository for Disposal of Spent Nuclear Fuel and High level Radioactive Waste at Yucca Mountain written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Necessity of Geologic Disposal written by R. Linden and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nuclear wastes are the radioactive byproducts of nuclear power generation, nuclear weapons production, and other uses of nuclear material. Experts from around the world agree that deep geologic disposal of nuclear waste in a mined repository is the most environmentally sound means of removing these potential sources of radiation from interaction with the biosphere. Of the 360 millirem of background radiation received annually by the average American, from both natural and man-made sources, less than 1 millirem results from the nuclear fuel cycle. Spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste, destined for geologic disposal, are located at 126 sites in 39 states. The proposed repository site at Yucca Mountain, Nevada, is far more isolated from the general population than any sites where these radioactive materials are presently located. Only solid forms of high-level wastes will be transported for disposal in a geologic repository. For more than 50 years, nuclear materials have been safely transported in North America, Europe, and Asia, without a single significant radiation release. Since the 1950s, select panels from the National Academy of Sciences-National Research Council and interagency advisory groups, and international experts selected by the OECD/Nuclear Energy Agency, have examined the environmental, ethical, and intergenerational aspects of nuclear waste disposal, plus alternatives to geologic disposal. All have concluded that deep geologic disposal in a mined repository is clearly the preferred option. The concept of deep geologic disposal is based on the analogy to ore deposits, which are formed deep within the Earth's crust, commonly remain isolated from the biosphere for millions to billions of years, and are, generally, extremely difficult to detect. Before selecting the unsaturated tuffs at Yucca Mountain, DOE evaluated salt formations, basalts, and both crystalline and sedimentary rocks. Other nations generating nuclear power also plan to use deep geologic disposal, and are evaluating sites in granites, argillaceous rocks, and salt formations.
Download or read book Key Topics in Deep Geological Disposal Conference Report written by Fanghaenel, Susanne and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2015-05-22 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Corrosion Issues in Nuclear Waste Storage A Symposium in Honor of the 65th Birthday of David Shoesmith written by J. J. Noël and published by The Electrochemical Society. This book was released on 2011-03 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers included in this issue of ECS Transactions were originally presented in the symposium ¿Corrosion Issues in Nuclear Waste Storage: A Symposium in Honor of the 65th Birthday of David Shoesmith¿, held during the 218th meeting of The Electrochemical Society, in Las Vegas, Nevada from October 10 to 15, 2010.
Download or read book Geological Disposal Facilities for Radioactive Waste written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Safety Guide provides guidance on prevailing good practices for meeting, and demonstrating compliance with, the Safety Requirements on Disposal of Radioactive Waste in a systematic and comprehensive manner. It covers aspects related to sitting, design, construction, operation and closure, including the safety case, its supporting safety assessments and the regulatory process. The publication addresses both operational and long term safety of geological disposal facilities for wastes that pose a hazard for at least several thousand years.
