Download or read book Isolation and Growth of Prostate Stem Cells and Establishing Cancer Cell Lines from Human Prostate Tumors written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this proposal was to isolate, grow, and characterize normal prostate stem cells and establish new prostate cancer cell lines from fresh human prostate tissues. The hypothesis is that prostate stem cells express defined stem cell markers, self-renew, and require the use of a feeder layer which is necessary for the establishment of prostate cancer cell lines from primary tumors. The goal of Specific Aim I was to test the hypothesis that normal human prostate stem cells express markers of other tissue stem cells, require a defined in vitro growth environment for self-renewal and differentiation, generate progeny that differentiate into cells found within the prostate epithelial compartment, and form functioning prostatic glandular structures in vivo. We have completed all the work set forth in Specific Aims I and II and have published the majority of the results, in addition to three additional manuscripts which are either in progress (x1) or under review (x2).

Download or read book Stem Cells and Prostate Cancer written by Scott D. Cramer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-12 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ​​​​Recent evidence demonstrates that normal prostate tissue contains stem cells. There is also accumulating evidence that prostate cancer contains a population of cells with stem cell-like characteristics referred to as cancer stem cells, or tumor initiating cells. Both the normal prostate stem cell and cancer stem cell populations have important implications for the generation, therapeutic targeting, and prevention of prostate cancer. The purpose of this book is to explore the role of stem cells in prostate cancer, which is becoming an increasingly hot trend in cancer research. ​

Download or read book Culture of Human Tumor Cells written by Roswitha Pfragner and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-03-11 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ein neuer Band aus der 'Culture of Specialized Cells'-Reihe. Leserfreundlich aufgemacht. Er vermittelt spezifische praktische Details, wie man Medien und Reagenzien sowie Protokolle für Zellisolierung und Zellkultur präpariert. Logisch aufgebaut und nach spezifischen Tumoren gegliedert. Farbtafeln demonstrieren anschaulich Immunozytochemie und Fluoreszenz in situ Hybridisierung (FISH). Darüber hinaus beschreibt das Buch auch umfangreiche Sicherheitsvorkehrungen. Mit einer Vielzahl nützlicher Tipps. Mit einem Glossar zu ausgewählten Fachtermini. Enthält eine umfangreiche Liste mit Bezugsadressen von Ausrüstung und Zellkulturprodukten. Erläutert medikamentöse Behandlung, Auswahl, Differenzierung, Assays für die Untersuchung maligner Zellen sowie Risiken und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten.

Download or read book Isolation and Characterization of Prostate Cancer Stem Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cells derived from various organs and tumors that exhibit sphere-like growth in vitro include stem and early progenitors. Therefore, human prostate epithelial cells that can develop into "prostaspheres" may allow enrichment and characterization of these rare cell types. We have generated an extensive collection of prostaspheres, derived from normal and cancerous prostate specimens from patients undergoing urologic surgery at UCLA Medical Center. These prostaspheres have been evaluated for the functional abilities to self-renew and differentiate into the full complement of prostate epithelial cell types. In addition to interrogating stem-cell qualities, we evaluated whether normal and cancer prostaspheres could be distinguished. To do this, we performed FISH analysis on paraffin-embedded prostaspheres with probes detecting the TMPRSS-ERG translocation that has been described in the majority of human prostate cancers. We found that although approximately 70% of the prostate cancer specimens in our collection displayed the TMPRSS-ERG rearrangement, it was not present in the prostaspheres. The aims of our project are to define factors that enable prostate cancer cells containing the TMPRSS-ERG translocation to be isolated and maintained in vitro and in vivo so that cancer stem/progenitor populations can be characterized and interrogated.

Download or read book Cancer Stem Cells New Horizons in Cancer Therapies written by Surajit Pathak and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-17 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the recent developments in the therapeutic implications of cancer stem cells for the effective diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. It summarizes the various stem cells of common cancers including colon, pancreas, lungs, prostate, melanoma, and glioblastoma, and reviews the potential role of cancer stem cells in tissue aggressiveness, examining the functional contribution of cancer stem cells in the establishment and recurrence of cancerous tumors. Further, it explores the potential of cancer stem cells as novel therapeutic targets for the treatment and prevention of tumor progression. The book also discusses the various approaches for detecting, isolating, and characterizing different cancer stem cells and signaling pathways that control their replication, survival, and differentiation. Lastly, it explores the key features and mechanisms of drug resistance, chemo-resistance, and radio-resistance in cancer stem cells to improve therapeutic rationale.

Download or read book An in Vitro and in Vivo Investigation Into Tumour Initiating Cells in Human Prostate Cancer Cell Lines written by Angela Xie and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A cell type often referred to as a prostate tumour initiating cell is thought to be responsible for the occurrence of androgen-independent and chemo-resistant prostate cancers. Cell surface markers used to identify normal stem cells have been used to isolate prostate tumour initiating cells from human primary tumour samples due to their common characteristics. However, because of the heterogeneity in different tumours, whether these cells truly represent a single cell type remains under debate. The frequent mutations that occur in cancer cell lines complicate the identification of such cells in prostate cancer lines, as does the in vivo microenvironment seen in mouse models. Thus, standard protocols for isolating tumour initiating cells from prostate cancer cell lines have not yet been developed. The role of the putative tumour initiating cell in the development of treatment resistance is also unknown.In this thesis, isolation of putative tumour initiating cells from the PC3 and LNCaP prostate cancer cell lines was attempted. It was demonstrated that PC3 cells with high aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity showed tumour-initiating characteristics both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, high ALDH activity was correlated to highly tumourigenic and aggressive PC3 cells which developed greater chemotherapy resistance and increased angiogenesis. Cells with high ALDH activity may thus be a potential cancer therapeutic target for advanced prostate cancer (chapters 2-4).To broaden the technical aspects of this thesis, chapter 5 expands our work from tumour initiating cells to the field of medicinal chemistry aimed at identifying new cancer therapy drugs (chapter 5). In this chapter the pharmacological action of a series of analogues of noscapine which is a naturally occurring compound extracted from the papaver were examined. Of all 45 noscapine analogues tested, it was demonstrated that analogues containing 7-chloro and N-ethyl urea functionality are the most active in both efficacy and potency indicating that these two noscapine analogues could be a potential new oral-active, low-toxicity anticancer agents.In conclusion, although in this thesis we were not able to fully demonstrate cancer cells with high ALDH activity from prostate cancer cell lines were putative prostate tumour initiating cells, this population of cells showed tumour initiating cell like characteristics, analysis of ALDH activity in clinical prostate cancer samples may become useful for the stratification of prostate cancer patients at greater risk of developing lethal metastatic disease.

Download or read book Molecular and Cellular Biology of Prostate Cancer written by James P. Karr and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1991 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I. Intracellular Communications.- Tissue Specificity and Cell Death are Associated with Specific Alterations in Nuclear Matrix Proteins.- Mechanism of Growth Regulation in Androgen Responsive Cells.- The Impact of Androgen, Extracellular Matrix, and Stroma upon Proliferation and Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Prostate Epithelial Cells.- Therapeutic Approaches to Activating Programmed Cell Death of Androgen-Independent Prostatic Cancer Cells.- Cell Motility and Structural Harmonics in Prostate Cancer.- Panel Discussion.- II. Growth Factors - 1.- Studies of the Endocrine and Paracrine Effect of Tumor Produced Factors in Human Genitourinary Cancers.- Fibroblast Growth Factor: Implications in the Etiology of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia.- Fibroblast-Mediated Human Epithelial Tumor Growth and Hormonal Responsiveness In Vivo.- Polyamine Requirement of Prostate Cancer Cell Proliferation.- Heparin-Binding (Fibroblast) Growth Factor/Receptor Gene Expression in the Prostate.- Characterization and Partial Purification of a Non - Heparin-Binding Prostate Growth Factor From Cancerous Human Prostate.- Panel Discussion.- Growth Factors - 2.- Transforming Growth Factor a: A Potential Autocrine Growth Regulator in Prostatic Carcinoma.- Prostatic Growth Factors (PrGFs) - From the Identification of Probasin to the Role of PrGFs.- Urogenital Sinus Derived Growth Inhibitory Factor.- Growth Factor Antagonists in Prostate Cancer: Suramin and Cytotoxic Polyamines as Potential Therapy.- Transforming Growth Factors in Human Prostate Cancer.- Gene Products as the Motivating Force in the Prostate Cell's Response to Androgens.- Panel Discussion.- III. Steroid Receptors.- Molecular Biology of Prostate - Specific Antigen.- Structure and Expression of the Androgen Receptor in Normal Tissues and in Prostate Carcinoma Cell Lines.- Structural Analysis and Gene Expression of TR2 Receptor and TR3 Receptor.- cDNA Cloning, Antibody Production and Immunohistochemical Localization of the Androgen Receptor.- New Approaches to Studies on the Androgen Receptor.- Specific Receptors for Vitamin D3 in Human Prostatic Carcinoma Cells.- Panel Discussion.- IV. Poster Presentations.- Role of Androgens and Extracellular Matrix in the Growth and Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Prostatic Epithelial Cells.- Tissue Specificity and Cell Death Are Associated with Specific Alterations in Nuclear Matrix Proteins.- ElTect of Transformation on Rat Prostatic Fibroblasts: Alterations In Extracellular Matrix and Cytoskeleton Gene Expression with Retention of Androgen Responsiveness and Androgen Receptor Expression.- A Potential Role for the MDR-1 Gene in the Development of Androgen-Independent Tumors.- Relevance of Low Androgen Levels and Adrenal Androgens in the Growth of Transplantable Human Prostatic Carcinomas.- Growth-Stimulating Effect of Growth Factor(s) from Androgen Independent Tumor Cells (CS 2-Cell) on Androgen Responsive Tumor Cells.- The Cellular Form of Human Prostatic Acid Phosphatase May Function as a Phosphotyrosyl Protein Phosphatase in Cells.- Expression of Prostate Antigen in LNCaP Cells in Culture.- Allelic Expression of the Mouse Ren-1 Genes in the Anterior Prostate (Coagulating Gland).- V. Dna Structure and Gene Expression.- Genomic Alterations in Prostatic Cancer.- Regulation of Gene Expression in the Prostate.- Androgen Regulation of HBGF I-(aFGF) and Characterization of the Androgen-Receptor mRNA in the Human Prostate Carcinoma Ceil Une - LNCaP/A-dep.- DNA Methylation, Differentiation and Cancer.- Evidence for tbe Involement of Genetic Differences and Mesenchymal Factors in the Progression of Oncogene - Induced Prostate Cancer in Reconstituted Mouse Prostate.- Differential Hybridization Analysis as a Tool to Study Prostatic Cancer Metastasis.- Molecular Biology of Androgen Acceptors in Prostatic Cancer Cells.- Panel Discussion.- Panel Discussion.- Panel Discussion.- Panel Discussion.- Panel Discussion.- Contributors.

Download or read book Development of Methodology to Maintain Primary Cultures of Normal and Malignant Human Prostatic Epithelial Cells in Vivo written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our objective is to develop a realistic preclinical model of prostate cancer by developing methodology that supports the survival, growth and differentiation of primary cultures of prostate cells in mice. During year I, we focused on the method of implantation and the implantation site as the most critical elements in achieving this goal. In light of increasing evidence that stem cells are the only cells in cancers that have potential for sustained self-renewal, we now believe that primary cultures in fact will never be capable of forming tumors, regardless of the method of implantation, unless they contain stem cells. Analysis of the primary cultures established by our routine protocols suggested that stem cells were not present. Therefore, we devoted year two of this project to developing new methodology to establish prostate cancer stem cells in primary culture. Key steps included defining a protocol to isolate single, viable cells that retained cell surface antigens from fresh human cancer specimens, isolating distinct subpopulations of single cells expressing putative stem cell antigens, and determining the culture conditions required for single cells to attach and proliferate. These achievements now allow us to return to our original objective of defining optimal in vivo conditions, but with primary cultures that have the requisite stem cells necessary for tumor formation.

Download or read book Human Prostate Cell Culture Models for Studies on Prostate Cancer Progression and Chemoprevention written by Salmaan Taher Abdul Quader and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Behavior and Characterization of Prostatic Stem Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first aim identifies prostatic stem cells b a novel in vivo approach using our normal prostatic basal and luminal cell lines. The second aim studies the characteristics of prostatic tumors arising after transformation of these cells. We established a novel intraprostatic transplantation assay in which GFP-tagged basal cells engraft and differentiate into luminal cells. The basal cells also differentiate into luminal cells when inoculated under the renal capsule (RC). This indicates that these cells have stem cell features as they self-renew and give rise to mature luminal progeny in two in vivo assays. We also show that transformed basal and luminal cells form subcutaneous tumors and that the rate of tumor growth is enhanced by normal prostatic smooth muscle (SM) cells. This indicates that SM may contribute to the progression of prostatic tumors and that paracreine signaling between epithelial and SM cells may promote carcinogenesis. Intraprostatic or sub-RC inoculation of transformed basal cells gives rise to tumors that contain luminal cells. This indicates for the first time that tumorigenic basal cells (arising form transformed stem cells) can give rise to prostatic tumors with a luminal phenotype. This is relevant as it explains how prostate cancer could originate in basal stem cells yet manifest clinically as a tumor expressing luminal features.

Download or read book Principles of Stem Cell Biology and Cancer written by Tarik Regad and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-05-06 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Stem Cell Biology and Cancer: Future Applications and Therapeutics Tarik Regad, The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, UK, Thomas J. Sayers, Centre for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, USA and Robert Rees The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, UK The field of cancer stem cells is expanding rapidly, with many groups focusing on isolating and identifying cancer stem cell populations. Although some progress has been made developing efficient cancer therapies, targeting cancer stem cells remains one of the important challenges facing the growing stem cell research community. Principles of Stem Cell Biology and Cancer brings together original contributions from international experts in the field to present the very latest information linking stem cell biology and cancer. Divided into two parts, the book begins with a detailed introduction to stem cell biology with a focus on the characterization of these cells, progress that has been made in their identification, as well as future therapeutic applications of stem cells. The second part focuses on cancer stem cells and their role in cancer development, progression and chemo-resistance. This section of the book includes an overview of recent progress concerning therapies targeting cancer stem cells. Features: An authoritative introduction to the link between stem cell biology and cancer. Includes contributions from leading international experts in the field. Well-illustrated with full colour figures throughout. This book will prove an invaluable resource for basic and applied researchers and clinicians working on the development of new cancer treatments and therapies, providing a timely publication of high quality reviews outlining the current progress and exciting future possibilities for stem cell research.

Download or read book Xenotransplantation of Human Prostate Cell Lines written by Amanda Sue Rivette and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Prostate Cancer Stem Cells and Their Involvement in Metastasis written by Hangwen Li and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recently resurrected cancer stem cell (CSC) theory sheds new light on understanding tumor biology. Most solid tumors have now been shown to contain CSCs, i.e., stem cell-like cancer cells. These cells, although generally rare, appear to be highly tumorigenic and may be the cells that drive tumor formation, maintain tumor homeostasis, and mediate tumor metastasis. In order to test whether any given human tumor cell population has CSC properties, the relatively enriched single tumor cells have to be put into a foreign microenvironment in a recipient animal to test their tumorigenic potential. Furthermore, various in vitro assays can be performed to demonstrate that the presumed CSCs have certain biological properties normally associated with the stem cells (SCs). Herein, I first present a comprehensive review of the experimental methodologies that our lab has been using in assaying putative prostate cancer (PCa) SCs in culture, xenograft tumors, and primary tumor samples. Clonal morphology is one of the critical properties of cultured cancer cells that has been largely ignored. Interestingly, long term-cultured human epithelial cancer cells form holoclones, meroclones, and paraclones, and tumor cell holoclones have been hypothesized to harbor stem-like cells. Using PC3 human prostate carcinoma cells as a model, we provide direct experimental evidence that tumor cell holoclones contain stem-like cells that can initiate serially transplantable tumors. Importantly, holoclones derived from either cultured PC3 cells or holoclone-initiated tumors can be serially passaged and regenerate all three types of clones. In contrast, meroclones and paraclones cannot be continuously propagated and fail to initiate tumor development. Phenotypic characterizations reveal high levels of CD44, [alpha]2[beta]1 integrin, and [beta]-catenin expression in holoclones, whereas meroclones and paraclones show markedly reduced expression of these markers. These observations have important implications in understanding morphologic heterogeneities and tumorigenic hierarchies in human epithelial cancer cells. PCa metastasis represents the worst outcome, and, if unchecked, will eventually kill the patient. Although many PCa cell-intrinsic molecules and end-organ factors have been implicated in the metastatic dissemination of PCa cells, the role of primary tumor microenvironment and the nature of the metastatic PCa cells remain poorly defined. By establishing a reliable and quantifiable experimental PCa metastasis model in NOD/SCID mice, we show that PCa cells implanted orthotopically (i.e., in the prostate) metastasize much more extensively and widely than those implanted ectopically (i.e., subcutaneously or s.c). Microarray-based gene expression profiling reveals that the orthotopically implanted human PCa cells prominently overexpress not only several classes of molecules involved in proteolysis/invasion/angiogenesis and inflammation, but also numerous developmental and SC regulating genes. These latter observations suggest that the orthotopic microenvironment (i.e. mouse prostate) appears to be promoting the manifestation of CSC phenotypes and these CSCs might be involved in enhanced metastasis in the orthotopic microenvironment and later distant organ metastasis. In support, shRNA-mediated knockdown in many metastatic and CSC genes greatly inhibits PCa cell metastasis. Importantly, PCa cells that express high levels of osteopontin (OPN) or CD24, when prospectively purified out and used in spontaneous metastasis assays, demonstrate high metastatic capacities characteristic of metastatic CSCs. In sharp contrast, PCa cells negative for OPN and CD24 expression show little metastatic property. Finally, we provide multiple pieces of additional evidence that metastatic/metastasizing PCa cells possess CSC properties.

Download or read book In Pursuit of Prostate Cancer Stem Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, various human tumors have been shown to contain cancer stem cells. These cells, although rare, appear to be the only cells that can regenerate tumor and mediate metastasis. Therefore, these rare cancer stem cells may be the only cells that actually matter to a tumor and to therapeutic interventions. Of great interest, these putative cancer stem cells preferentially express markers that are expressed on normal stem/progenitor cells. Prostate cancer (PCa) stem cells have not been definitively identified. Recently, I identified several populations of PCa stem/progenitor cells with different tumorigenicities and primitiveness in human PCa xenografts and cell lines. In this study, we seek to reevaluate the relevancy of my findings in human PCa samples. At present, we have worked with 25 human PCa samples of varying Gleason grades to set up tumorigenicity assays to test tumorigenic potential of CD133 and CD44-positive cells. Importantly, we have performed our homework in terms of fine-tuning conditions to give us prostatospheres and establish primary xenografts in order to carry out our proposed experiments. Preliminary in vitro experiments indicate that CD133 could mark self-renewing PCa stem-like cells in primary PCa samples. We currently have a number of tumorigenicity experiments in incubation and expect to obtain a readout within the next couple of months. We also expect to begin studies on the invasive and metastatic potentials of the populations sorted for our markers of interest in the near future.

Download or read book Modelling Stromal cancer Cell Interactions in Prostate Tumours written by Roxanne Toivanen and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prostate cancer is a disease with high incidence and mortality rates. A recent research focus has been on identifying cells of origin which initiate tumourigenesis and cancer repopulating cells responsible for tumour growth and resistance to therapies, as they are an important novel therapeutic target.Our ability to identify these cells in the prostate has been hampered by a lack of human models to study disease progression. Whilst the use of primary human prostate cancer specimens is preferable over commonly used cell and xenograft lines, they display low survival and growth in in vivo assays. It is well established that the stroma plays an important role in prostate biology, however is rarely considered in the use of cancer cell focused approaches. As such this thesis aimed to create models of prostate cancer that are biologically accurate, in order to identify cells of origin and cancer repopulating cells, by providing an enriching stromal environment to primary tissues. Chapter 3 aimed to define potential cells of origin in prostate cancer. Stem cells and transient-amplifying/progenitors from the basal compartment were subjected to in vivo tumour initiation models where the stroma drives malignant transformation. The results confirmed that basal cells were able to initiate tumours, however the tumourigenic potential resided within the transient-amplifying cells, rather than the stem cells.Chapter 4 then examined prostate cancer repopulating cells. Due to observations that the stroma plays an important role in prostate biology, a bioassay was developed where primary localised prostate cancer tissues and cells were combined with inductive mouse mesenchyme to enhance survival and growth in vivo. Mouse mesenchyme did confer a survival and growth advantage of prostate cancer tissues and was essential for the survival and growth of subfractionated cancer cells, thus creating the first assay to study cancer repopulating cells in vivo using primary tissue. Chapter 5 utlised this chimeric xenografting approach to examine cancer repopulating cells in the context of systemic and paracrine androgen signalling, in attempt to identify the cancer repopulating cells which are resistant to current therapies. While androgen deprivation therapy is usually the treatment modality for advanced disease, this model demonstrated castrate-resistant cancer repopulating cells are also present in localised tumours. Furthermore, this study also showed that low stromal androgen receptor levels dampened the response to castration, demonstrating the complex relationship between cancer repopulating cells and the surrounding microenvironment.Overall, this thesis reports the development of models which can be utilised to study cells of origin and cancer repopulating cells in prostate malignancy, using human clinical specimens. This body of work demonstrates the important role that the stroma plays in prostate cancer and maintaining a supportive microenvironment in in vivo models. Future efforts can use these models to further dissect the biology of prostate cancer progression, in particular determine how cancer repopulating cells can be therapeutically targeted to provide better outcomes for patients.

Download or read book The Isolation and Characterization of Prostate Stem Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stem cells are of considerable importance in prostate cancer because of the theory that cancer cells represent the malignant counterparts of normal tissue stem cells. We have shown that murine prostatic stem cells reside in the proximal region of the prostatic ducts. The in vivo growth properties and proliferative potential of the proximal cells were examined in a tissue transplantation model and in an orthotopic model. Some in vitro characteristics of their growth have also been examined. Cells were isolated from the proximal and distal regions of the prostate and were embedded in collagen gels in the absence or presence of smooth muscle cells (SMC) or fetal mouse or rat urogenital mesenchyme (UGM). The collagen pellets were implanted under the renal capsule of athymic mice and left for 8 weeks, after which the grafts were removed and weighed. No significant difference was noted in grafts containing either proximal or distal cells. This result was unaffected by SMC or fetal mouse UGM. In the presence of fetal rat UGM, grafts containing proximal cells were l3.8 times larger than those containing distal cells, indicating a high proliferative potential in the proximal cells compared with the distal cells. In the orthotopic model, prostatic cells expressing GFP were injected into either intact prostates of juvenile mice or into the involuted prostates of castrated adult mice that were then given androgens to stimulate prostatic regrowth. In both cases, the GFP- expressing cells engrafted into the growing prostates, demonstrating the regenerative ability of the injected cells. Finally, to characterize the stem cells, in vitro growth assays were performed. Proximal cells were grown in vitro in the presence or absence of stem cell factor (SCF) and antibodies to transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-13).

Download or read book Prostate Cancer Cells written by Zongbing You and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes eight chapters of original research articles and six chapters of review articles, encompassing the latest advancements in detection, growth and treatment of prostate cancer. Detection of prostate cancer in human patients has been well established using prostate-specific antigen as a marker and a variety of imaging tools. However, for laboratory studies particularly in preclinical animal studies, such tools are still being developed. This book introduces novel imaging methods, such as bioluminescent imaging, chemiluminescence, and magnetic resonance imaging. Prostate cancer stem cells are emerging as a new focus of research. How to detect cancer stem cells and how to culture them are described in details herein. This book highlights several studies in exploring some unknown aspects of prostate cancer.