Download or read book Human Retrovirus Protocols written by Tuofu Zhu and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-04 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A cutting-edge collection of basic and state-of-the-art methods optimized for investigating the molecular biology of this class of retrovirus. These readily reproducible techniques range from methods for the isolation and detection of human retroviruses to cutting-edge methods for exploring the interplay between the viruses and the host. Here, the researcher will find up-to-date techniques for the isolation and propagation of HIV, HTLV, and foamy virus from a variety of sources. There are also assays for determining the cell tropism of HIV-1, the coreceptor usage of HIV-1, and human gene expression with HIV-1 infection by microarrays, as well as for phenotyping HIV-1 infected monocytes and examining their fitness. Highlights include the detection and quantification of HIV-1 in resting CD4+, a new cloning system for making recombinent virus, cDNA microarrays, and the determination of genetic polymorphisms in two recently identified HIV-1 co-factors that are critical for HIV-1 infection.

Download or read book Viruses More Friends Than Foes Revised Edition written by Karin Moelling and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-08-26 with total page 446 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coronavirus, AIDS, and Ebola: Viruses are normally defined as pathogens. Most viruses are, however, not enemies or killers. Well-known virologist and cancer researcher Karin Moelling describes surprising insights about a completely new and unexpected world of viruses. Viruses are ubiquitous, in the oceans, our environment, in animals, plants, bacteria, in our body, even in our genomes. They influence our weather, can contribute to control obesity, and can surprisingly be applied against threatening multi-resistant bacteria. The success story of the viruses started more than 3.5 billion years ago in the dawn of life when even cells did not exist. They are the superpower of life. There are more viruses on earth than stars in the sky. Viruses are everywhere. Some of them are incredibly ancient. Many viruses are hundredfold smaller than bacteria, but others are tenfold bigger and they were discovered only recently — the giant viruses, even deep within the permafrost where they were reactivated after 30,000 years.The author talks about a completely new world of viruses, which are based on the most recent, in part her own research results. Could viruses have been our oldest ancestors? Have viruses even 'invented' social behavior, do they lead to geniuses such as Mozart or Einstein — or alternatively to cancer? They can help to cure cancer. In this book, the author made a clear distinction between what is fact and what is her vision. This book is written for a general audience and not just for the experts. Its aim is to stimulate thinking, and perhaps to attract more young scientists to enter this field of research.This revised edition is brought up to date by a new chapter on the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. Related Link(s)

Download or read book Ism Is a Retrovirus written by Matthew Hupert and published by Mitten Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hupert's rock-solid collection of 87 poems examine life, lust, love, religion, and politics in a word-play phantasmagoria in which, according to poet Dean Kostos, "sound is meaning and syntax is thrummed like strings on a guitar."

Download or read book HIV AIDS and the Nervous System written by Peter Portegies and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2007-08-17 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a comprehensive understanding of HIV/AIDS and neuro-AIDS, including a history of the disease, and an explanation of many of the conditions that can arise in afflicted patients, including opportunistic infections, central nervous system tumors, spinal cord disorders, myopathies and progressive encephalopathy, amongst others. Clinicians will gain a greater understanding of the complex mechanisms of the disease. Beginning with a basic introduction to HIV infections and Neuro-AIDS, practitioners will find useful data on advances in molecular biology, neuroepidemiology, neuroimaging, neuropathology, neuropharmacology, as well as information on the development of therapeutic strategies appropriate for the disorder, including groundbreaking retroviral therapies. In addition, the socioeconomic and political constraints that hinder treatment and disease management in developing parts of the world are presented. * A comprehensive understanding of HIV/AIDS and neuro-AIDS, and the progression of the scientific community's understanding of the disease * Detailed information on fields such as neuroepidemiology, neuropathology, neuropharmacology, and neuroimaging and their contributions to HIV/AIDS research * Subject specific chapters on conditions associated with HIV/AIDS, including opportunistic infections, central nervous system tumors, and myopathies, amongst others

Download or read book The AIDS Reader written by Loren K. Clarke and published by Branden Books. This book was released on 1988 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book begins with a detailed and technical journey into the laboratories where the keys to the understanding of the virus were forged in the early years of the search for the infectious agent of AIDS. The discovery of the virus, which was originally called HTLV-III/LAV and which became known as HIV, is only a small part of the saga.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Sexually Transmitted Diseases written by Elaine A. Moore and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2015-07-11 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than 30 different organisms cause infection and disease when transmitted by venereal contact. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) represent 87 percent of all reported infections. This encyclopedia provides a wealth of information on STDs and associated topics, including care centers and departments, legal issues, and related associations and organizations. Coverage of the diseases includes such information as history, causes and origins; risk factors; diagnostic tests; considerations in pregnancy; and much more. The work concludes with a wide selection of resources. Books, journals, support groups, hotlines, organizations, and Internet sites are listed, along with sources for information on topics such as low cost prescription drug programs, social security disability, health insurance, and clinical trials.

Download or read book Dorland s Illustrated Medical Dictionary E Book written by Dorland and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2011-05-27 with total page 2176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thoroughly updated, this user-friendly reference, trusted for more than a century by healthcare personnel at every professional level, allows you to grasp the meanings of all medical terms in current usage. Understand and correctly use all the latest terminology in today's ever-evolving medical field with the 32nd Edition of the comprehensive, highly respected Dorlands Illustrated Medical Dictionary! - Enhance your understanding of all the current medical terminology in your field by relying on the most comprehensive and highly respected medical dictionary, bringing you more than 120,000 well-defined entries and 1500 clear illustrations. - Make sure you're familiar with the very latest medical terms used today with more than 5,500 new entries drawn from current sources. - Complement your understanding of new words and ideas in medicine with 500 new illustrations - Get more information in a smaller amount of space as the revised entry format includes related parts of speech.

Download or read book Human T Cell Leukemia Virus written by P.K. Vogt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: characteristic features in common with the genome of other retroviruses: long terminal repeats (L TR), and coding regions for internal proteins (gag), for re verse transcriptase (pol), and for glycosylated virion surface proteins (env) , ar ranged in the sequence gag, pol, env from the 5' to the 3' end of the genome. However, the HTL V genome also contains some specific features not shared with all other retroviruses: the LTR regions are unusually long (745 base pairs, with 298 base pairs constituting the R region), but unlike the long L TRs of mouse mammary tumor viruses, they do not contain open reading frames. A stretch of noncoding sequences separates the gag and the pol genes. Most interestingly, the HTLV genome contains a region between the 3' end of the env gene and the L TR, called the pX region, that encompasses four open reading frames. Leukemic T cells freshly obtained from patients contain the HTL V provirus but usually do not express it. However, once established in culture, these cells produce viral proteins and release type C particles. Likewise, T cells infected and transformed by HTL V in vitro synthesize virus. Such producing cell lines have been widely used in seroepidemiological surveys and continue to be of importance for detailed studies of viral proteins and nucleic acids.

Download or read book Animal Models of Retrovirus Infection and Their Relationship to AIDS written by Lois Ann Salzman and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Retroviruses in Human Lymphoma leukemia written by Masanao Miwa and published by VSP. This book was released on 1985-12 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Proceedings of this Symposium, papers are presented from leading laboratories worldwide studying human and animal retroviruses and their associated leukemias and other diseases, including AIDS. The volume provides an up-to-date review of the field and indicates possible future developments for cancer research in which multidisciplinary work, ranging from molecular biology to epidemiology, plays an important role. The book contains 31 papers which are grouped into the following subject areas: lectures; clinical aspects; epidemiology; virus transmission; characterization of viruses; infected cells; AIDS.

Download or read book Mast Cells Mediators and Disease written by Stephen T. Holgate and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1879 Paul Ehrlich first described the mast cell as a tissue fixed cell contain ing many granules which, when stained with basic dyes, such as toluidine blue, changed the colour spectrum of the dye in a process called meta chromasia. Since this early description, pathologists, physicians and pharmacologists have been fascinated by this cell on account of its central involvement in human allergic diseases. Approximately four decades after Ehrlich's first description of the mast cell, Prausnitz and Kiistner reported their pioneer experiment, demonstrating that the immediate skin wheal response to allergen could be passively transferred with serum. They named the antigen-specific serum factor reagin. A further four and one half decades had to pass before the connection between the mast cell and reagin could be made with the identification of reagin as an immunoglobulin E by Johansson and Ishizaka and its unique property to bind with high affinity to specific receptors on mast cells and basophils. Meanwhile in the 1920s Coca published a series of papers in which he described the clinical features of acute allergic responses and first used the term atopy. This, together with the fundamental pharmacological studies of Sir Henry Dale in identifying histamine as one mediator of the acute ana phylactic reaction, provided the second approach which eventually linked the mast cell to allergic tissue reactions. Indeed, it was Best, working in Dale's group who first showed that histamine was a chemical stored in mast cells.

Download or read book Retrovirus Cell Interactions written by Leslie Parent and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-08-09 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Retrovirus-Cell Interactions provides an up-to-date review of the interactions between retroviruses and the cells they infect, offering a comprehensive understanding of how retroviruses hijack cellular factors to facilitate virus replication. Drugs targeting viral enzymes have been developed to treat HIV; the next challenge is to inhibit virus-cell interactions as next generation treatment strategies. Organized according to the retrovirus' replication cycle, this book does not focus exclusively on HIV, but rather includes important findings in other retroviral systems, including animal retroviruses, retrotransposons, and endogenous retroelements to allow broad comparisons on important commonalities and differences. - Provides a valuable starting point for people who want to develop a detailed understanding of retroviral replication - Includes future-thinking strategies, such as next-generation treatment and anti-retroviral therapeutics - Features important commonalities and differences among retroviral systems

Download or read book A Dictionary of Biology written by Elizabeth Martin and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2015 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fully revised and updated for the seventh edition, this market-leading dictionary is the perfect guide for anyone studying biology, either at school or university. With more than 5,500 clear and concise entries, it provides comprehensive coverage of biology, biophysics, and biochemistry. Over 250 new entries include terms such as Broca's area, comparative genomic hybridization, mirror neuron, and Pandoravirus. Appendices include classifications of the animal and plant kingdoms, the geological time scale, major mass extinctions of species, model organisms and their genomes, Nobel prizewinners, and a new appendix on evolution. Entry-level web links to online resources can be accessed via a companion website.

Download or read book AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome and Other Manifestations of HIV Infection written by Gary P. Wormser and published by Noyes Data Corporation/Noyes Publications. This book was released on 1987 with total page 1162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Parasitoid Viruses written by Nancy E. Beckage and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-09-14 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Parasitoids are parasitic insects that kill their insect hosts in immature pre-reproductive stages. Parasitoids are employed in biological control programs worldwide to kill insect pests and are environmentally safe and benign alternatives to chemical pesticides. As resistance to chemical pesticides continues to escalate in many pest populations, attention is now refocusing on biologically-based strategies to control pest species in agriculture and forestry as well as insect vector populations that transmit human and animal diseases. Parasitoids are an economically critical element in this equation and 'integrated pest management.' Viruses have evolved intimate associations with parasitoids, and this book features sections on both symbiotic viruses that are integrated into the wasp's chromosomal DNA (polydnaviruses) that play critical roles in suppressing host immunity during parasitism. A separate section with additional chapters on viral pathogens that infect parasitoids to cause disease and act as detrimental agents that limit effectiveness of wasp species employed in biological control of pests is also featured. A third component is a section on parasitoid venoms, which are of interest to the pharmaceutical and medical communities as well as insect-oriented biologists. - Sections focus on both virus evolution and genomics as well as proteomics and functional roles of polydnavirus-encoded gene products - International researchers and emerging leaders in their fields provide readers with syntheses of the latest research - Includes content on both symbiotic viruses and pathogenic viruses, plus new research on parasitoid venoms - Cutting-edge section on future directions in the field covers the impacts of polydnavirus research on medicine, human health, bioengineering and the economy, increasing the value for researchers and practitioners who need to stay on top of the research in this swiftly moving field

Download or read book Aspects of Slow and Persistent Virus Infections written by D.A.J. Tyrrell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book records the papers and discussions at a Work shop which took place in London on the 5th and 6th of April 1979, as part of the programme of the Commission of the European Communities on Medical and Public Health Research. However the views expressed are those of the individuals concerned and not of the EEC or any of its organs. The object was to discuss certain biological aspects of natural and experimental slow virus infections. Because the amount of knowledge and the focus of interest varied in respect of each infection the approach and emphasis varied also. In the case of scrapie, we discussed the nature of the agent and the mode of pathogenesis, in the case of SSPE, the search for unusual features of the virus, and recent detail ed work on the immunology of the disease. As for Visna we reviewed the present understanding of the virus and its pathogenicity and also field epidemiology and methods for its control. There were also general papers, on interferon and oncornaviruses for example. We thank all those who made the meeting possible and enabled us to produce this book quickly, so that those who could not attend the meeting may nevertheless be able to read a great deal of what went on at it. In particular we would thank the Ciba Foundation who allowed us the use of their premises and Mrs. Jean Ashley who dealt with most of the arrangements.

Download or read book AIDS written by Sigall K. Bell and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2011-05-18 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive review examines the biological, medical, social, historical, and political aspects of HIV/AIDS. In AIDS, three Harvard-educated physicians explore the evolution of the HIV epidemic, contextualizing the disease from historical, social, and medical perspectives. Addressing the last 25 years, the book examines basic biological principles, including what a virus is, how the human immune system works, and how HIV impairs these functions. It presents an in-depth discussion of the HIV life cycle, explores central issues pertaining to diagnosis and treatment, and sheds light on how the treatment was developed and implemented. The book also reviews global epidemiology of HIV/AIDS and principles of transmission, as well as what comprises an epidemic and the factors that determine whether an infectious outbreak will propagate or die out. Finally, it looks at where HIV came from; early reactions to the disease and the social stigma it engendered; the cultural impact of HIV-positive role models; and the global economic, population, and political effects of this illness.