Download or read book Ion transport in liquid electrolytes written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ion transport in liquid electrolytes.
Download or read book Ion Transport in Polymer Electrolytes written by Fei Fan and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Batteries with superior performance will advance many technologies, such as the field of energy storage and electrochemical devices. Traditional lithium ion batteries based on liquid electrolytes have intrinsic problems such as leaking, dendrite growth, and those problems are associated with fire or even explosion hazard. Extensive efforts have been devoted into the development of solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs), which would not only reduce the size and weight of the batteries, but also solve safety related issues. However, none of current dry SPEs have reached the desired conductivity of 10-3 [0.001] S/cm at ambient temperature. The ion conductivity is controlled by two parameters, the free ion concentration and ion diffusivity. Despite the generally accepted theory that ion diffusion is facilitated by the segmental relaxation of the polymer, the mechanism of ion transport in SPEs is not completely understood. In this dissertation, the ion transport in different SPEs systems were studied with a combination of experimental techniques: dielectric spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and rheology. The ion transport mechanism was investigated in poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) doped with LiClO4 [lithium perchlorate]. A comprehensive analysis was performed by systematically varying the temperature, pressure, polymer molecular weight and salt concentration. It was found that the ion transport was controlled by the segmental relaxation of the "ion-rich" phase in the system, which obeyed the traditional theory. On the contrary, decoupling was observed in several carbonate and styrene based polymer electrolytes. Analysis indicated that the decoupling feature might be related to the packing frustration in those systems. Polymerized ionic liquids (PolyILs) offer an opportunity of combining the high conductivity of ionic liquids and the superior mechanical strength of polymer. Unlike their small molecule analogue-aprotic ionic liquids, decoupling feature was observed in studied PolyILs. The variation of the pendant group structures altered the fragility index of the samples and thus the degree of decoupling. Unraveling the mechanisms of the ion transport and structure-property relationship in SPEs is of obvious fundamental and industrial importance. Findings in this work suggested new routes for future polymer electrolytes design of desired properties.
Download or read book Electrolytes for Lithium and Lithium Ion Batteries written by T. Richard Jow and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-05-06 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrolytes for Lithium and Lithium-ion Batteries provides a comprehensive overview of the scientific understanding and technological development of electrolyte materials in the last several years. This book covers key electrolytes such as LiPF6 salt in mixed-carbonate solvents with additives for the state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries as well as new electrolyte materials developed recently that lay the foundation for future advances. This book also reviews the characterization of electrolyte materials for their transport properties, structures, phase relationships, stabilities, and impurities. The book discusses in-depth the electrode-electrolyte interactions and interphasial chemistries that are key for the successful use of the electrolyte in practical devices. The Quantum Mechanical and Molecular Dynamical calculations that has proved to be so powerful in understanding and predicating behavior and properties of materials is also reviewed in this book. Electrolytes for Lithium and Lithium-ion Batteries is ideal for electrochemists, engineers, researchers interested in energy science and technology, material scientists, and physicists working on energy.
Download or read book Theoretical Insights into the Electrochemical Properties of Ionic Liquid Electrolytes in Lithium Ion Batteries written by Leila Maftoon-Azad and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-09-17 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a concise overview of the use of ionic liquids as electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) from a theoretical and computational perspective. It focuses on computational studies to understand the behavior of lithium ions in different ionic liquids and to optimize the performance of ionic liquid-based electrolytes. The main features of the book are as follows: • Provides a thorough understanding of the theoretical and computational aspects of using ionic liquids as electrolytes in LIBs, including the evaluation and reproducibility of the theoretical paths. • Covers various computational methods such as density functional theory, molecular dynamics, and quantum mechanics that have been used to study the behavior of lithium ions in different solvents and to optimize the performance of ionic liquid-based electrolytes. • Discusses recent advances such as new computational methods for predicting the properties of ionic liquid-based electrolytes, new strategies for improving the stability and conductivity of these electrolytes, and new approaches for understanding the kinetics and thermodynamics of redox reactions with ionic liquids. • Suggests how theoretical insights can be translated into practical applications for improving performance and safety. This monograph will be of interest to engineers working on LIB optimization.
Download or read book Advanced Batteries written by Robert Huggins and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-11-09 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Storage and conversion are critical components of important energy-related technologies. "Advanced Batteries: Materials Science Aspects" employs materials science concepts and tools to describe the critical features that control the behavior of advanced electrochemical storage systems. This volume focuses on the basic phenomena that determine the properties of the components, i.e. electrodes and electrolytes, of advanced systems, as well as experimental methods used to study their critical parameters. This unique materials science approach utilizes concepts and methodologies different from those typical in electrochemical texts, offering a fresh, fundamental and tutorial perspective of advanced battery systems. Graduate students, scientists and engineers interested in electrochemical energy storage and conversion will find "Advanced Batteries: Materials Science Aspects" a valuable reference.
Download or read book Solvating ionic liquid cation assisted Lithium ion transport for liquid and polymer electrolytes for Lithium metal batteries written by Jaschar Atik and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies of Interactions Between Ions in Ionics Liquids Electrolytes by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance written by Pierre Martin (Chimiste).) and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is focused on the study of electrolytes for energy storage devices such as lithium ion batteries. The specific materials are pyrrolidinium-based ionic liquid electrolytes with bis-fluorosulfonylimide (FSI) as the counter anion, and also containing lithium.The main experimental method of characterization is Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, which can be used to probe structure, dynamics and spatial arrangements between anions and cations. NMR-based diffusion measurements or spin lattice relaxation experiments, using 1H for cations, 19F for anions and 7Li, are used to study the ionic transport in the liquid and the molecular tumbling of the different ions respectively.However, in order to attempt to better understand the ion transport mechanism at the molecular level in these ionic liquids, the HOESY (Heteronuclear Overhauser Effect SpectroscopY) experiment is used. This technique is based on a transfer of magnetization through space between two different nuclear isotopes. As this transfer is generally mediated by short-range interactions, it provides information on which species are close together in the liquid.A large part of this work is based on the development of the HOESY technique itself, both improving the implementation of the NMR pulse sequence to reduce the experimental time, but also improving ways to analyze the resulting data in a quantitative way and developing an automatic and systematic data fitting procedure. Molecular Dynamics (MD) simulations and NMR relaxation measurements are also used to assist the HOESY analysis, allowing correlations with distances between nuclei and motional parameters such as correlation times to be established, which will lead to a better understanding of the ion interactions. In addition to this technique development, others ionic liquids including longer alkyl, longer cycle or even an ether-o-alkyl group on the alkyl chain, are studied by HOESY in order to observe the impact of the cation structure on the ionic interactions. Another complementary technique, dynamic nuclear polarization, is also used in order to study the ionic liquid in the glassy state structure which mimics the liquid state.
Download or read book Polymerized Ionic Liquids written by Ali Eftekhari and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series covers the fundamentals and applications of different smart material systems from renowned international experts.
Download or read book Solid Electrolytes and Their Applications written by E. Subbarao and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Defect solid state has been an area of major scientific and technological interest for the last few decades, the resulting important applications sus taining this interest. Solid electrolytes represent one area of defect solid state. The early work on defect ionic crystals and, in particular, the classic results of Kiukkola and Wagner in 1957 on stabilized zirconia and doped thoria laid the foundation for a systematic study of solid electrolytes. In the same year, Ure reported on the ionic conductivity of calcium fluoride. Since then, intense worldwide research has advanced our understanding of the defect structure and electrical conductivity of oxygen ion conductors such as doped zirconia and thoria and of the fluorides. This paved the way for thermo dynamic and kinetic studies using these materials and for technological applications based on the oxygen ion conductors. In the last few years we have seen the emergence of two new classes of solid electrolytes of great signifi cance: the fJ-aluminas and the silver ion conductors. The significance of these discoveries is that now (i) solid electrolytes are available which at room temperature exhibit electrical conductivity comparable to that of liquid electrolytes, (ii) useful electrical conductivity values can be achieved over a wide range of temperature and ambient conditions, and (iii) a wide variety of ions are available as conducting species in solids. The stage is therefore set for a massive effort at developing applications.
Download or read book Electrolytes Interfaces and Interphases written by Kang Xu and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2023-04-12 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrolytes are indispensable components in electrochemistry and the fast-growing electrochemical energy storage markets. Research in electrolytes has witnessed exponential growth in recent years, accompanied by their applications in the most popular electrochemical cell ever invented, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In myriads of LIBs, electrolytes and their interphases determine how high the voltage of a battery is, how many times it can be charged/discharged, or how rapid the energy stored therein could be released. The conquest of further technical challenges around safety, life and cost-effectiveness of lithium-based or beyond-lithium batteries requires in-depth understanding of electrolytes and interphases. This will be the authoritative textbook for those entering the field. Chapters will establish the fundamental principles for the field, before moving onto important knowledge acquired in recent years. There will be special emphasis on linking these fundamentals to real-world problems encountered in devices, especially lithium-ion batteries. The book will be suitable for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate students in electrochemical energy storage, electrochemistry, materials science and engineering, as well as researchers new to the subject.
Download or read book Ion Solvation Mobility and Accessibility in Ionic Liquid Electrolytes for Energy Storage written by Qianwen Huang and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ionic liquids (ILs) are salts that consist of only ions and are in a liquid phase at ambient temperature. Their unique properties, including non-flammability, negligible volatility, wide electrochemical stability window, high thermal stability, and structural tunability, enable ILs promising electrolytes for safer energy storage devices, such as lithium-metal batteries. Lithium metal batteries have about ten times higher theoretical energy density than traditional lithium-ion batteries. However, due to the high reactivity of the metallic lithium electrode, dendrites (needle-like electrodeposits) can form during battery charging and discharging. The formation of lithium dendrites can lead to efficiency loss, capacity decay, short circuits and thermal runaway. To address these safety challenges, a promising approach is to replace the carbonate organic electrolyte solvents with ILs. However, the slow lithium ion transport in IL-based electrolytes limits the charging and discharging rates of a rechargeable battery for practical applications. In this research, we developed IL mixtures with decreased viscosity and increased lithium ion mobility. These IL-based electrolytes demonstrate increased stability at room temperature in the Li-LFP cells where lithium metal is the anode and lithium iron phosphate, LiFePO4 (LFP) is the cathode. ILs are also being explored for use in supercapacitors with high power density due to their wide electrochemical window. However, the main challenge of such application is the poor wettability of ILs to porous electrodes. To address this challenge, we investigate a novel hybrid material designed in the form of a capsule with reduced graphene oxide shell and IL core (rGO-IL) that eliminates some of the challenges with wettability. Increased capacitance (based on active material mass, rGO) and surface utilization have been achieved in supercapacitors with the designed rGO-IL capsules. It is recognized that the developed rGO-IL material may have broader scientific impacts such as the CO2 separation processes. A current pressing need in CO2 capture from process exhaust gases or even air is the discovery of materials that have high CO2 capacity and selectivity without kinetic limitations. ILs have high CO2 solubility, however suffer from large viscosities which imposes mass transport challenges for CO2 uptake and separation. An explorative study on the utility of rGO-IL materials for CO2 separation is carried out as a possible future direction for the application of rGO-IL capsules. Preliminary results demonstrate increased CO2 absorption capacity with improved absorption mass transfer rate with GO-IL capsules, compared to bulk ILs.
Download or read book The Universal Dielectric Response written by Andrzej K. Jonscher and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Designing Electrolytes for Lithium Ion and Post Lithium Batteries written by Władysław Wieczorek and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-06-23 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every electrochemical source of electric current is composed of two electrodes with an electrolyte in between. Since storage capacity depends predominantly on the composition and design of the electrodes, most research and development efforts have been focused on them. Considerably less attention has been paid to the electrolyte, a battery’s basic component. This book fills this gap and shines more light on the role of electrolytes in modern batteries. Today, limitations in lithium-ion batteries result from non-optimal properties of commercial electrolytes as well as scientific and engineering challenges related to novel electrolytes for improved lithium-ion as well as future post-lithium batteries.
Download or read book Rational Design of Nanostructured Polymer Electrolytes and Solid Liquid Interphases for Lithium Batteries written by Snehashis Choudhury and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-25 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis makes significant advances in the design of electrolytes and interfaces in electrochemical cells that utilize reactive metals as anodes. Such cells are of contemporary interest because they offer substantially higher charge storage capacity than state-of-the-art lithium-ion battery technology. Batteries based on metallic anodes are currently considered impractical and unsafe because recharge of the anode causes physical and chemical instabilities that produce dendritic deposition of the metal leading to catastrophic failure via thermal runaway. This thesis utilizes a combination of chemical synthesis, physical & electrochemical analysis, and materials theory to investigate structure, ion transport properties, and electrochemical behaviors of hybrid electrolytes and interfacial phases designed to prevent such instabilities. In particular, it demonstrates that relatively low-modulus electrolytes composed of cross-linked networks of polymer-grafted nanoparticles stabilize electrodeposition of reactive metals by multiple processes, including screening electrode electrolyte interactions at electrochemical interfaces and by regulating ion transport in tortuous nanopores. This discovery is significant because it overturns a longstanding perception in the field of nanoparticle-polymer hybrid electrolytes that only solid electrolytes with mechanical modulus higher than that of the metal electrode are able to stabilize electrodeposition of reactive metals.
Download or read book Electrochemical Studies in Cyclic Esters written by William Sidney Harris and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lithium Ion Transport Across and Between Phase Boundaries in Heterogeneous Polymer Electrolytes Based on PVdF written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Initial investigations of polymer electrolytes based on PVdF-HFP and LiPF6 dissolved in either EC/PC or EC/DMC mixtures have been carried out via high pressure complex impedance methods and 7Li NMR. All results indicate that the polymer matrix, while effectively immobilizing the liquid component, does not significantly affect the ion transport mechanism inherent to liquid electrolytes. In the first reported attempt to exploit 17O NMR to study lithium battery electrolytes, we have prepared 17O-enriched Li triflate and several electrolytes containing the isotopically enriched salt dissolved in DEC, DMC, and mixtures of DMC/EC. Line widths were measured as a function of electrolyte solvent and temperature, and suggest that EC inhibits the formation of ion pairs, when added to DMC.
Download or read book Dynamic Structure Discovery and Ion Transport in Liquid Battery Electrolytes written by Rasmus Andersson and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
