Download or read book Investigations of Chlorophyll Fluorescence Assay Techniques Using Photosynthetic Inhibitor type Herbicides written by David Ray Shaw and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Practical Applications of Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Plant Biology written by Jennifer R. DeEll and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The technique of chlorophyll fluorescence has a relatively short history, beginning with the observations by Kautsky (Kautsky and Hirsch, 1931). Since that time there have been several· reviews devoted to the subject, with most of them highly theoretical (Bohlar-Nordenkampf and Oquist, 1993; Dau, 1994; Schreiber et aI. , 1994). There have also been many books devoted to generalized spectrophotometric and microscopic fluorescence techniques. However, to the best of our knowledge there has not been a book completely devoted to the practical applications and uses of chlorophyll fluorescence in plant biology. As techniques mature, applications multiply and so do their potential advantages. The chlorophyll fluorescence technique is maturing as can be seen in the increasing numbers of publications that are devoted to its use. Therefore, we considered that now was a good time to compile the existing knowledge for the applied use of this technique and provide a single volume to which a novice or experienced user could refer. Highly trained experts in the field of photobiology have primarily used the chlorophyll fluorescence technique in the past. In that work, understanding the mechanisms and controls of the photosynthetic processes was the main focus of activity and discussion. Much of the equipment used was highly specialized and expensive, or in some cases one-of-a-kind lab designed units. However, the development of several reliable commercially available chlorophyll fluorescence monitoring instruments has changed the potential user base for the technique.
Download or read book Chlorophyll Fluorescence of a Higher Plant as an Assay for Toxicity Assessment of Soil and Water written by BM. Judy and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The chlorophyll fluorescence (CF) assay is recognized as an important tool for monitoring the electron transport system of photosynthesis. The increase or decrease of fluorescence, compared to control, can indicate a lesion in the chain of events in photosynthesis or damage to the chloroplasts. Inhibition of photosynthesis in leaf segments of Tradescantia by herbicides (glyphosate, picloram & 2,4-D, triclopyr and hexazinone), heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd), a surfactant (sodium lauryl sulfate), and sodium fluoride (NaF) has been demonstrated using this method. The strongest changes of fluorescence induction curves were caused by hexazinone. Photosynthetic inhibition was observed as an increase in initial fluorescence (Fo) and a decrease in variable fluorescence (Fv) and electron pool size (EP). A CF assay predicted herbicidal injury in Tradescantia leaves at least 24 h before leaf necrosis appeared.
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 646 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Applications of Chlorophyll Fluorescene written by H.K. Lichtenthaler and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1988-11-30 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thi s book is a general introduction into in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence and contains the contributions of the first International Ch 1 orophyll Fluorescence Sympos i urn he 1 din the Phys i kzentrum Bad Honnef, F. R. G. from June 6 to 8, 1988. This Symposium was made possible by a generous support from the Wilhelm and Else Heraeus Foundation, Hanau, which is gratefully acknmvledged. The book not only comprises all aspects of the applications of chlorophyll fluorescence in photosynthesis, stress physiol ogy, hydrobiology and remote sensing, but also gives access to measuring techni ques, data acqui si ti on and earl i er 1 iterature references. Thus it is far more than just a common proceedings book, it is a general introduction to all forms of application of the non-destructive in vivo chlorophyll fluorescence including the newest results. In a first chapter the inverse correlation between in vivo chlorophyll fl uorescence and photosynthet i c quantum convers i on and CO? -ass i mi 1 at ion is outlined, the origin and life-time of the chlorophyll fluOrescence at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures are given as well as the induction kinetics (Kautsky effect) and the methodo 1 ogi ca 1 approaches to regi ster different forms of chlorophyll-fluorescence signatures.
Download or read book Fluorescence Imaging for Investigating the Efficiency of Formulations Adjuvants and Application Systems written by H. de Ruiter and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several herbicides reduce, directly or indirectly, the efficiency of photosynthesis of plants. As a consequence, the fluorescence of the chlorophyll increases. The relative increase of fluorescence [(Fm-F0)/Fm] can be used to compare the influence of formulations and adjuvants on the activity of herbicides. This procedure allows the accurate and non-destructive screening of sprayed plants in the first minutes and hours after treatment. A new development is the automated imaging and quantification of the relative increase of fluorescence at the whole plant level. Use of a robot-arm enables a laser-camera to take pictures of the chlorophyll fluorescence of different plants with short time intervals between plants. This procedure makes it possible to screen hundreds of plants simultaneously. Individual pictures can be used, or pictures can be used to compose a video demonstrating the dynamics of the herbicide action. The potency of this technology for monitoring bentazon, glufosinate and glyphosate action is demonstrated. In addition to investigating the influence of formulations and adjuvants on herbicide activity, the fluorescence imaging technology can be used to monitor phytotoxicity of formulations and spray application parameters like water volume and drop size.
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 696 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Chlorophyll a Fluorescence in Aquatic Sciences Methods and Applications written by David J. Suggett and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-08-23 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Measurements of variable chlorophyll fluorescence have revolutionised global research of photosynthetic bacteria, algae and plants and in turn assessment of the status of aquatic ecosystems, a success that has partly been facilitated by the widespread commercialisation of a suite of chlorophyll fluorometers designed for almost every application in lakes, rivers and oceans. Numerous publications have been produced as researchers and assessors have simultaneously sought to optimise protocols and practices for key organisms or water bodies; however, such parallel efforts have led to difficulties in reconciling processes and patterns across the aquatic sciences. This book follows on from the first international conference on “chlorophyll fluorescence in the aquatic sciences” (AQUAFLUO 2007): to bridge the gaps between the concept, measurement and application of chlorophyll fluorescence through the synthesis and integration of current knowledge from leading researchers and assessors as well as instrument manufacturers.
Download or read book A Seedling Chlorophyll Fluorescence Toxicity Assay written by FA. Ireland and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changes in chlorophyll fluorescence yield are related to changes in the photosynthetic efficiency of plants. Under normal conditions, approximately 97% of the light energy absorbed by chlorophyll is converted to oxidation and reduction potential to drive electron transport in photosynthesis. Stress conditions such as those caused by toxic chemicals can reduce the efficiency of photosynthesis by disturbing the pigment protein apparatus or blocking the electron transport system in the chloroplast. The 6 to 10% loss of absorbed light energy due to stress conditions appears as chlorophyll fluorescence. A chlorophyll fluorescence assay can provide a simple, rapid method for measuring the effect of physical and chemical stress on the photosynthetic efficiency of plants. In this study, seedlings of soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were analyzed by chlorophyll fluorescence induction following treatment with three herbicides dissolved in water at three concentrations. The eluate of soil collected from a hazardous landfill was also tested. Several endpoints were measured; initial fluorescence (F0), variable fluorescence (Fv), maximum fluorescence (Fm), Fv/Fm ratio, and electron pool (EP). This study indicated that the decline of photosynthetic efficiency of plants exposed to toxic chemicals in water or soil eluate can be measured by the chlorophyll fluorescence assay method.
Download or read book Chlorophyll Fluorescence as a Bioindicator of Photosynthesis Inhibition from Solar Ultraviolet Radiation in Plants and Algae written by KR. Solomon and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chlorophyll fluorescence is a simple, rapid technique for measuring photosynthetic efficiency in plants and algae. Pulse-amplitude modulated chlorophyll fluorescence was examined in aquatic plants and natural assemblages of Lake Erie phytoplankton exposed to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV-exclusion studies were performed in which plastic films were used to screen sunlight to remove ultraviolet-B radiation (295-320 ran), or UVB plus ultraviolet-A radiation (320-400 nm) in outdoor aquatic microcosms and ship exposure chambers. UV had negligible impacts on photosynthesis and growth in the aquatic macrophyte Myriophyllum spicatum in microcosms. However, photosynthetic electron transport in natural assemblages of Lake Erie phytoplankton was substantially diminished by short exposures to full sunlight. Phytoplankton exposed to full sunlight for 30 min lost 90 % of maximum photosystem II efficiency (Fv/Fm) and 75 % of the effective yield of photosystem II photochemistry (?F/Fm). Diminished photosynthetic electron transport was primarily due to UVB wavelengths in sunlight. UVA and visible wavelengths also diminished photosynthetic electron transport to a lesser extent. Thus, this assay represents a general bioindicator of effects from environmental stress in freshwater plants and algae that is able to detect impacts due to current and increasing levels of UVB.
Download or read book Integration of PAM IMAGING Chlorophyll Fluorometry for Herbicide Sensitivity Estimations in Weed Research written by Alexander Linn and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2020-03-12 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fast in-field herbicide resistance detection is a key requirement for future herbicide resistance management, yet secure and rapid herbicide resistance tests are still missing. Chlorophyll fluorescence and chlorophyll fluorescence ratios can be very sensitive to changes in plant health status. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of chlorophyll fluorescence measurements to evaluate the herbicide impact on crops and weeds. The fluorescence ratio Fv/Fm quantifies the maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) and indicates reliably plant health status. Hitherto, research on herbicide resistance detection via the Fv/Fm value have concentrated on Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. Investigations concerning herbicide resistance detection in other important weed species, both monocotyledonous as well as dicotyledonous, have not been carried out to a large extent. This work addresses the apparent gap in knowledge by four lines of research.
Download or read book Chlorophyll Fluorescence written by LA. Kapustka and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chlorophyll fluorescence has been used extensively as a tool to investigate photosynthetic events, screen for photosynthetic mutants, evaluate the impact of toxic substances and other stresses on photosynthetic function, and to detect exposure to various hazardous materials. The method is rapid, nominally 2-3 minutes dark adaptation followed by 15-20 seconds measurement of fluorescence. Data can be stored either as a physical trace on a chart recorder, a storage oscilloscope, or a computer data logging unit. Quantitative and quasidiagnostic features are readily derived from the fluorescence measurement. Instrumentation to measure fluorescence is priced between USD2,000 and USD20,000. Software programs have been developed to assist professional and technical staff with analysis of the fluorescence trace. Despite the prominence of this non-intrusive assay in basic plant physiology, it remains an under-utilized method in toxicology. Presently, a draft protocol will be moving through the ASTM review process. Completion of the review and inter-lab testing under the specific guideline should elevate the chlorophyll fluorescence method to its worthy status.
Download or read book Agronomy News written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sept.-Oct. issue includes list of theses and dissertations for U.S. and Canadian graduate degrees granted in crop science, soil science, and agronomic science during the previous academic year.
Download or read book Biotechnological Applications of Photosynthetic Proteins written by Maria Teresa Giardi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-04-03 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biotechnological Applications of Photosynthetic Proteins: Biochips, Biosensors and Biodevices provides an overview of the recent photosystem II research and the systems available for the bioassay of pollutants using biosensors that are based on the photochemical activity. The data presented in this book serves as a basis for the development of a commercial biosensor for use in rapid pre-screening analyses of photosystem II pollutants, minimising costly and time-consuming laboratory analyses.
Download or read book The Use of Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Herbicide Assays and the Influence of Light written by Peter Møller Hvid and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Herbicide Tolerance resistance in Plants written by Raymond Dobert and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comprehensive Dissertation Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 984 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
