Download or read book Investigations Into the Performance and EmissionCharacteristics of a Biodiesel Fuelled CI Engine Under Steady and Transient Operating Conditions written by Belachew Chekene Tesfa and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The stringent emission laws, the depletion of petroleum reserves and the relation of fuels with politics have forced the world to find alternatives to fossil fuels. Biodiesel is one of the biofuels which is renewable and environmentally friendly and can be used in diesel engines with little or no modifications. For the last two decades, many researchers have reported extensive work on the performance and emission characteristics of engines running with biodiesel during steady state operation. However, there are numbers of knowledge gaps that have been identified which include limited information on biodiesel physio-chemical properties and their effects on combustion behaviour and performance and emission characteristics of the engine. In this study after an exhaustive literature review, the following four research areas have been identified and investigated extensively using available numerical and experimental means. The initial focus was to investigate the most important properties of biodiesel such as density, viscosity and lower heating value using experimental and numerical techniques. The effects of biodiesel blend content on the physical properties were analysed. For each property, prediction models were developed and compared with current models available in literature. New density and viscosity prediction models were developed by considering the combined effect of biodiesel content and temperature. All the empirical models have showed a fair degree of accuracy in estimating the physical properties of biodiesel in comparison to the experimental results. Finally, the effects of density and viscosity on the fuel supply system were investigated. This system includes the fuel filter, fuel pump and the engine combustion chamber in which air-fuel mixing behaviour was studied numerically. These models can be used to understand the effects of changes in the physical properties of the fuel on the fuel supply system. In addition, the fuel supply system analysis can be carried out during the design stage of fuel pump, fuel filter and injection system. The second research objective was the investigation into a CI engine?s combustion characteristics as well as performance and emissions characteristics under both the steady and transient conditions when fuelled with biodiesel blends. The effects of biodiesel content on the CI engine?s in-cylinder pressure, brake specific fuel consumption, thermal efficiency and emissions (CO2, NOx, CO, THC) were evaluated based on experimental results. It has been seen that the CI engine running with the biodiesel resulted in acceptable engine performance as well as reduction in main emissions (except NOx). Following this study, a detailed analysis on the transient performance and emission output of the CI engine has been carried out. During this analysis, the emission changing rate is investigated during speed transient and torque transition stages. Further to this, a transient emission prediction model has been developed using associated steady and transient emission data. The model has been shown to predict the transient emission reasonably accurately. The third research objective was to develop a method for on-line measurement of NOx emission. For this purpose the in-cylinder pressure generated within a CI engine has been measured experimentally along with mass air flow and these parameters have been used in the development of a NOx prediction model. This model has been validated using experimental data obtained from a NOx emission analyzer. The predicted data obtained from NOx prediction model has been compared with measured data and has shown that the deviation is within acceptable range. The final research objective was to develop a simple, reliable and low-cost novel method to reduce the NOx emission of the CI engine when using biodiesel blends. A potential solution to this problem has been found to be in the form of direct water injection which has shown to be capable to reduce NOx emission. Using a water injection technique, the performance and emission(NOx and CO) characteristics of a CI engine fuelled with biodiesel has been investigated at varying water injection flow rates. Intake manifold water injection reduces NOx emission by up to 40% over the entire operating range without compromising the performance characteristics of the CI engine.

Download or read book Advanced Biofuels written by Kalam Abul Azad and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2019-06-09 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Biofuels: Applications, Technologies, and Environmental Sustainability presents recent developments and applications of biofuels in the field of internal combustion engines, with a primary focus on the recent approaches of biodiesel applications, low emission alternative fuels, and environmental sustainability. Editors Dr. Azad and Dr. Rasul, along with their team of expert contributors, combine a collection of extensive experimental investigations on engine performance and emissions and combustion phenomena using different types of oxygenated fuel with in-depth research on fuel applications, an analysis of available technologies and resources, energy efficiency improvement methods, and applications of oxygenated fuel for the sustainable environment. Academics, researchers, engineers and technologists will develop a greater understanding of the relevant concepts and solutions to the global issues related to achieving alternative energy application for future energy security, as well as environmental sustainability in medium and large-scale industries. Fills a gap in the literature on alternative fuel applications with in-depth research and experimental investigations of different approaches, technologies and applications Considers the important issue of sustainability using case studies to deepen understanding Includes energy security within various industries, including aviation and transport

Download or read book Biodiesel Combustion Performance and Emissions Characteristics written by Semakula Maroa and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-10 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on biodiesel combustion, including biodiesel performance, emissions and control. It brings together a range of international research in combustion studies in order to offer a comprehensive resource for researchers, students and academics alike. The book begins with an introduction to biodiesel combustion, followed by a discussion of NOx formation routes. It then addresses biodiesel production processes and oil feedstocks in detail, discusses the physiochemical properties of biodiesel, and explores the benefits and drawbacks of these properties. Factors influencing the formation of emissions, including NOx emissions, are also dealt with thoroughly. Lastly, the book discusses the mechanisms of pollution and different approaches used to reduce pollutants in connection with biodiesel. Each approach is considered in detail, and diagrams are provided to illustrate the points in line with industry standard control mechanisms.

Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Diesel Engine Fueled by Biodiesel Blends written by Dimitrios Tziourtzioumis and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Greece, biodiesel, in the form of Fatty Acid Methyl Esters, is produced since 2005 and currently mixed in the Diesel fuel at about 5.5% vol., this percentage being slowly but steadily increasing. The production capacity of existing biodiesel factories in Greece can supply the required quantities to increase the biodiesel blending percentage up to 15%, provided that the necessary vegetable oil and recycled oil quantities should become available and prices be favorable. According to Greek legislation, at least 30% of the raw material must be domestically produced. This need is covered mainly by recycled cooking oils and only secondarily by energy crops in Northern Greece. The author examined the effect of biodiesel fuel on performance, efficiency, emissions and injection system durability of conventional and modern Diesel engines under steady state and transient operating conditions. As a general conclusion, it should be emphasized that the use of low to medium percentage biodiesel blends will be a workable solution both for the common rail engines of modern agricultural tractors and the wide variety of older equipment that is and will be in use for many years to come.

Download or read book Application of Clean Fuels in Combustion Engines written by Gabriele Di Blasio and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-01-04 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the impact of fuels characteristics and their effects on the combustion processes in internal combustion engines. It includes the analysis of a variety of biofuels (alcohol fuels and biodiesel) and biogases (natural gas, hydrogen, etc.), providing valuable information related to consequent effects on performance and emissions. The contents focus on recent results and current trends of fuel utilization in the transport sector. State-of-the-art of clean fuels application are also discussed. Thighs book will be of interest to those in academia and industry involved in fuels, IC engines, engine instrumentation, and environmental research.

Download or read book Biofueled Reciprocating Internal Combustion Engines written by K.A. Subramanian and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-10-02 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biofuels such as ethanol, butanol, and biodiesel have more desirable physico-chemical properties than base petroleum fuels (diesel and gasoline), making them more suitable for use in internal combustion engines. The book begins with a comprehensive review of biofuels and their utilization processes and culminates in an analysis of biofuel quality and impact on engine performance and emissions characteristics, while discussing relevant engine types, combustion aspects and effect on greenhouse gases. It will facilitate scattered information on biofuels and its utilization has to be integrated as a single information source. The information provided in this book would help readers to update their basic knowledge in the area of "biofuels and its utilization in internal combustion engines and its impact Environment and Ecology". It will serve as a reference source for UG/PG/Ph.D. Doctoral Scholars for their projects / research works and can provide valuable information to Researchers from Academic Universities and Industries. Key Features: • Compiles exhaustive information of biofuels and their utilization in internal combustion engines. • Explains engine performance of biofuels • Studies impact of biofuels on greenhouse gases and ecology highlighting integrated bio-energy system. • Discusses fuel quality of different biofuels and their suitability for internal combustion engines. • Details effects of biofuels on combustion and emissions characteristics.

Download or read book Performance and Emissions of a DI Diesel Engine Fueled by Different Biodiesel Blends written by Majed M. Alawi and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiesel has been a promising clean alternative fuel to fossil fuels, which reduces the emissions that are released by fossil fuels, and possibly reduces the energy crisis caused by the exhaustion of petroleum resources in the near future. Biodiesel is replacing diesel as an alternative fuel for internal combustion engines. Previous research studies have shown that biodiesel can greatly reduce carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC) and particulate matter (PM) emissions compared to diesel fuels, but very few studies have shown a reduction in total nitrogen oxides (NOx). At present, B20 (20% biodiesel in the total fuel mix) is being used commonly in the US due to its material compatibility to changing weather conditions, emission benefits and costs. Currently, Canada is planning to use 5% of biodiesel by 2015. The objective of this study is to test the feasibility of biodiesel in cold climates such as Canada. The biodiesel used is made of canola oil obtained from a local supermarket and winter diesel is used as a reference fuel. Three different series were used. The first series was biodiesel/diesel with six blends (B0, B5, B10, B20, B50 and B100). The second series was biodiesel/diesel plus 2% of a chemical additive (B0, B5A, B10A, B20A, B50A and B100A). The final was kerosene/biodiesel series (K0, K5, K10, K20, K50 and K100). Chemical additive (Wintron XC30) is used to lower the cloud point of the blends and this is the first attempt to investigate its effect on engine emissions. On the other hand, there are limited studies on kerosene being treated as a blending fuel, where it is mainly used to lower the cloud point of the blends to investigate the feasibility of biodiesel in a cold climate such as the winter season in Canada and suggest an appropriate solution for the future of biofuel. Engine performance and emission concentrations are investigated by determining the break specific fuel consumption (bsfc), fuel conversion efficiency and measuring emission concentrations of CO, HC, NO, NO2 and NOx using gas analysers. Engine tests are performed on a constant rated speed at three different load conditions. A comparison is made for the three series. Most of the blends have shown improved emissions compared to fossil diesel. B5A demonstrated a lower cloud point than fossil diesel, and the kerosene series showed excellent results at high load conditions.

Download or read book A Study of the Use of Biodiesel Fuel in Internal Combustion Engines written by Junnian Zheng and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2011-03 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the GT-Power software, an engine cycle simulation for a biodiesel fueled direct injection compression ignition engine has been developed and used to study its performance and emission characteristics. The major objectives are to establish the engine model for simulation and then apply the model to study the biodiesel fueled engine and compare it to a petroleum-fueled engine. The engine model has been developed corresponding to a 4.5 liter, John Deere 4045 four-cylinder diesel engine. Submodels for flow in intake/exhaust system, fuel injection, fuel vaporization and combustion, cylinder heat transfer, and energy transfer in a turbocharging system are combined with a thermodynamic analysis of the engine to yield instantaneous in-cylinder parameters and overall engine performance and emission characteristics. At selected operating conditions, effect of engine performance and emission on engine load/speed, injection timing/pressure, EGR level, and compression ratio have been investigated. Variations in cylinder pressure, ignition delay, bsfc, and nitric oxides emissions have been determined for both a biodiesel fueled engine and a conventional diesel fueled engine.

Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Transient RCCI Combustion in a Light Duty Diesel Engine written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low Temperature Combustion (LTC) is currently being researched as a way to reduce problematic emissions (i.e., NOx and PM) from compression-ignition engines while maintaining high fuel efficiency. One of the primary types of LTC is Premixed Compression Ignition (PCI), with some examples of PCI being homogeneous charge compression ignition (HCCI), premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI), reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) and partially premixed combustion (PPC). These LTC strategies use early fuel injections to allow sufficient time for air/fuel mixing before combustion. By increasing the amount of air/fuel premixing, NOx and PM emissions can be lowered due to the reduced local and global equivalence ratios. The lean nature of PCI also maintains high thermal efficiency due to the reduced heat transfer losses from the reduced peak combustion temperatures. However, too much air/fuel premixing can lead to rapid energy release rates, limiting the operation space for PCI. To combat this problem, the combustion strategy of interest for the study, RCCI, uses fuel reactivity gradients to increase combustion duration (i.e., reduce the energy release rate) and phasing control, thereby increasing the engine operating space for PCI operation. Previous tests [1-7] have shown promising results for petroleum-based fuels with RCCI. Recent work at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has shown how blends of biofuels with petroleum fuels can improve RCCI combustion performance [8,9] The work sets out to examine biofuel performance over a wide engine operating space both at steady-state and transient operating conditions with RCCI combustion. It is hoped to demonstrate the capability and effects of using bio-derived fuels in place of conventional petroleum-derived fuels for advanced combustion strategies under real-world operating conditions. In RCCI operation, blends of biodiesel and ethanol fuels will be investigated to examine the fuel effects on the combustion event.

Download or read book Diesel Engines and Biodiesel Engines Technologies written by Freddie L. Inambao and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2022-08-17 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diesel Engines and Biodiesel Engines Technologies explores the conceptual and methodological approaches for the understanding of both diesel engines and biodiesel technologies. The book incorporates reviews of the most significant research findings in both diesel and biodiesel engine production and utilization. It presents technological interventions in biodiesel production and offers a foresight analysis of the perspectives of biodiesel as a future global commodity. It also examines the main challenges that biodiesel will have to overcome in order to play a key role in future energy systems. Furthermore, the book discusses alternative diesel fuels from oils and fats and proposes solutions to issues associated with biodiesel feedstocks, production issues, quality control, viscosity, stability, applications, emissions, and other environmental impacts.

Download or read book Alcohol as an Alternative Fuel for Internal Combustion Engines written by Pravesh Chandra Shukla and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-15 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: div="" This book covers different aspects related to utilization of alcohol fuels in internal combustion (IC) engines with a focus on combustion, performance and emission investigations. The focal point of this book is to present engine combustion, performance and emission characteristics of IC engines fueled by alcohol blended fuels such as methanol, ethanol and butanol. The contents also highlight the importance of alcohol fuel for reducing emission levels. Possibility of alcohol fuels for marine applications has also been discussed. This book is a useful guide for researchers, academics and scientists. ^

Download or read book Application of Liquid Biofuels to Internal Combustion Engines written by Soo-Young No and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-17 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the application of liquid biofuels to internal combustion (IC) engines. Biofuels are one of the most promising renewable and sustainable energy sources. Particularly, liquid biofuels obtained from biomass could become a valid alternative to the use of fossil fuels in the light of increasingly stringent environmental constraints. In this book, the discussion is limited to liquid biofuels obtained from triglycerides and lignocellulose among the many different kinds of biomass. Several liquid biofuels from triglycerides, straight vegetable oil, biodiesel produced from inedible vegetable oil, hydrotreated vegetable oil, and pyrolytic oil have been selected for discussion, as well as biofuels from lignocellulose bio-oil, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol and butanol, and biomass-to-liquids diesel. This book includes three chapters on the application of methanol, ethanol and butanol to advanced compression ignition (CI) engines such as LTC, HCCI, RCCI and DF modes. Further, the application of other higher alcohols and other drop-in fuels such as DMF, MF, MTHF, and GVL are also discussed. The book will be a valuable resource for graduate students, researchers and engine designers who are interested in the application of alcohols and other biofuels in advanced CI engines, and also useful for alternative energy planners selecting biofuels for CI engines in the future.

Download or read book Biofuels written by M. P. Poonia and published by Pointer Publishers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basically, Internal Combustion Enginses Or C.I.Engine Are Designed To Operate Under Conventional Fossil Fuels Such As Gasoline, Diesel, Lpg Etc. However, Owing To Rapid Depletion, Escalating Prices And Environmental Pollution, Researchers Around The Globe Have Experimentally Proved That Some Of The Alternative Fuel Needs Engine Modification But Biodiesel Can Be Used Without Any Engine Modification. The Book Deals With Exhaust Emission Aspects Of Internal Combustion Engines With Biodiesel, Effect Of Variation In Injection Pressure On Performance And Exhaust Emission Of C.I. Engine Using Biodiesel, Combustion Enrichment And Emission Reduction Of Biodiesel Using Exhaust Gas Recirculation & Fuel Conditioning, Effect Of Air Preheating Influence On Performance & Emission Characteristics Of D1 Diesel Engine Using Jatropha Curcas As Fuel, Studies On The Performance & Emission Characteristics Of Ricardo Variable Compression Engine Using Three Degummed Non Edible Vegetable Oils, Experimental Analysis Of Diesel Engine With Karanji Seed Oil-Diesel Blend, Environmental Effect Of Biodiesel, Nox And Particulate Emission Studies For Over Load Condition Of A C.I. Engine Fuelled By Vegetable Oil Ester, High Temperature Of Air/Steam Gasification Of Biomass And Waste Etc. The Book Will Be Useful To Students, Academicians, Researchers & Mechanical Engineers.

Download or read book Bio Diesel Extraction and Performance Emission Characteristics written by Hanumanth Mulimani and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The continual rise in oil prices, the shortening supply of oil reserves, & the impending threat of global warming due to combustion engine emissions are all reasons to focus on alternatives to energy from fossil fuels. Biodiesel fuel has provided an alternative to diesel oil for over a decade now, & recent research suggests that it will be an even more viable and economical option in years to come. In this book Author has mainly focused on the Transesterification process for extraction of biodiesel form the crude Cotton Seed Oil (CSO). Then conducted an experimental to determine the performance and emission characteristic of the blended Biodiesel in IC engine. The conventional engine was tested for single cylinder at constant rated speed of 1500 rpm throughout its power range using 100% CSO and blends of 20, 40, 60, & 80%. The results found were very impressive, diesel engine performed satisfactorily on biodiesel, & its blends too had better emission properties than diesel. Properties of the 20% blend are very near to diesel fuel & its performance was better than other blends. This book gives huge knowledge for biodiesel production with its performance & emission characteristics.

Download or read book Vehicle and Automotive Engineering 2 written by Károly Jármai and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-09 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the proceedings of the second Vehicle Engineering and Vehicle Industry conference, reflecting the outcomes of theoretical and practical studies and outlining future development trends in a broad field of automotive research. The conference’s main themes included design, manufacturing, economic and educational topics.

Download or read book Methanol and the Alternate Fuel Economy written by Avinash Kumar Agarwal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-01 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the emerging research centred on using methanol- whose excellent fuel properties, easy production and relative compatibility with existing technology- make it attractive to researchers looking to alternative fuels to meet the rising energy demand. The volume is divided into broadly 4 parts which discuss various aspects of the proposed methanol economy and the technological advances in engine design for the utilisation of this fuel. This book will be of interest to researchers and policy makers interested in using methanol as the principal source of ready and stored energy in societal functioning.

Download or read book Green Diesel Engines written by Breda Kegl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-10-19 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With a focus on ecology, economy and engine performance, diesel engines are explored in relation to current research and developments. The prevalent trends in this development are outlined with particular focus on the most frequently used alternative fuels in diesel engines; the properties of various type of biodiesel and the concurrent improvement of diesel engine characteristics using numeric optimization alongside current investigation and research work in the field. Following of a short overview of engine control, aftertreatment and alternative fuels, Green Diesel Engine explores the effects of biodiesel usage on injection, fuel spray, combustion, and tribology characteristics, and engine performance. Additionally, optimization procedures of diesel engine characteristics are discussed using practical examples and each topic is corroborated and supported by current research and detailed illustrations. This thorough discussion provides a solid foundation in the current research but also a starting point for fresh ideas for engineers involved in developing/adjusting diesel engines for usage of alternative fuels, researchers in renewable energy, as well as to engineers, advanced undergraduates, and postgraduates.