Download or read book Investigation of the Nitrogenase Enzyme Complex of Azotobacter Vinelandii written by Koven Lamont Hadfield and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Investigation of the N2 Fixing Enzyme Complex from Azotobacter Vinelandii Part I written by Robert Vernon Klucas and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physical Studies on Nitrogenase from Clostridium Pasteurianum and Azotobacter Vinelandii written by Michael T. Henzl and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structural and Functional Analysis of Metalloproteins in Azotobacter Vinelandii written by Hanqing Dong and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The enzyme nitrogenase, which catalyzes nitrogen fixation in Azotobacter vinelandii, consists of two components, the Fe protein (NifH) and the MoFe protein (NifDK). NifK contains several highly conserved residues implicated in its functions throughout the protein. However, the carboxyl terminus of NifK is not implicated in any of the known functions of this protein. Therefore, the present study explored the role of carboxyl terminal region of NifK. The results of growth analysis showed that when the media was adjusted to be slightly acidic, the strain that expresses the mutated NifK yielded a lower growth compared to the wild type. These observations implied that the carboxyl terminus of the NifK contributes to the formation of a stable nitrogenase complex when A. vinelandii is grown in acidic environment. The proper interaction between NifH and NifK is essential for the nitrogenase conformation. To determine how the interaction is influenced by the characteristics of the amino acids available at position 112 of NifH, we introduced residue mutations to the codon encoding for Glu112. Growth analyses indicated that mutant strains are capable of propagation under nitrogen-deficit conditions although the growth rate is lower than that of wild type strain. Therefore the charge carried by the amino acid at position 112 of NifH plays a minor role in the interaction whereas; a more important factor is the length of the side chains. The research on hydrogenase expressed by bacteria shed light on the possibilities of utilizing this novel energy source. We endeavored to take advantage of the nature of A. vinelandii and construct an A. vinelandii mutant strain expressing Fe-hydrogenase. This ongoing research involves molecular manipulation of the enzyme-encoding gene hydA. The synthetic hydA was incorporated and expressed in A. vinelandii strain DJ54. At the same time, we screened several biomass materials for their capabilities in sustaining diazotrophic growth of A. vinelandii. The result indicated that the HydA protein can be expressed in A. vinelandii under certain conditions and a number of biomass substances can be supportive ingredients for putative biohydrogen media.
Download or read book Catalysts for Nitrogen Fixation written by Barry E. Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-20 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological nitrogen fixation provides more than 50% of the total annual input of the essential element nitrogen to world agriculture. Thus, it is of immense agronomic importance and critical to food supplies, particularly in developing countries. This book, with chapters authored by internationally renowned experts, provides a comprehensive and detailed account of the fascinating history of the process - including the surprising discoveries of molybdenum-independent nitrogenases and superoxide-dependent nitrogenase; a review of Man's attempts to emulate the biological process - most successfully with the commercially dominant Haber-Bosch process; and the current state of the understanding art with respect to the enzymes - called nitrogenases - responsible for biological nitrogen fixation. The initial chapters use a historical approach to the biological and industrial processes, followed by an overview of assay methodologies. The next set of chapters focuses on the classical enzyme, the molybdenum nitrogenase, and details its biosynthesis, structure, composition, and mechanism of action as well as detailing both how variants of its two component proteins are constructed by recombinant DNA technology and how computational techniques are being applied. The sophisticated chemical modelling of the metal-containing clusters in the enzyme is reviewed next, followed by a description of the two molybdenum-independent nitrogenases - first, the vanadium-containing enzyme and then the iron-only nitrogenase - together with some thoughts as to why they exist! Then follows an up-to-date treatment of the clearly "non-classical" properties of the superoxide-dependent nitrogenase, which more closely resembles molybdenum-containing hydroxylases and related enzymes, like nitrate reductase, that it does the other nitrogenases. Each chapter contains an extensive list of references. This book is the self-contained first volume of a comprehensive seven-volume series. No other available work provides the up-to-date and in-depth coverage of this series and this volume. This book is intended to serve as an indispensable reference work for all scientists working in this area, including agriculture and the closely related metals-in-biology area; to assist students to enter this challenging area of research; and to provide science administrators easy access to vital relevant information.
Download or read book Kinetic Studies on the Mechanism of Nitrogenase from Azotobacter Vinelandii written by Robert V. Hageman and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Electron Transfer and Substrate Reduction Studies of the Nitrogenase Enzyme from Azotobacter Vinelandii written by Jammi Lee McClead and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enzymatic Bioelectrocatalysis written by Kenji Kano and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-13 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the fundamental aspects of the electrochemistry and redox enzymes that underlie enzymatic bioelectrocatalysis, in which a redox enzyme reaction is coupled with an electrode reaction. Described here are the basic concept and theoretical aspects of bioelectrocatalysis and the various experimental techniques and materials used to study and characterize related problems. Also included are the various applications of bioelectrocatalysis to bioelectrochemical devices including biosensors, biofuel cells, and bioreactors. This book is a unique source of information in the area of enzymatic bioelectrocatalysis, approaching the subject from a cross-disciplinary point of view.
Download or read book An Electrophoretic Investigation of the Component Proteins of Nitrogenase from Azotobacter Vinelandii written by Alan R. Harker and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biology of the Nitrogen Cycle written by Hermann Bothe and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2007 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Structural Analysis of the Reductase Component AnfH of Iron only Nitrogenase from Azotobacter Vinelandii written by Christian Trncik and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Biological nitrogen fixation, the conversion of atmospheric dinitrogen into bioavailable ammonium, is exclusively catalyzed by the enzyme nitrogenase that is present in nitrogen-fixing organisms, the diazotrophs. So far, three different nitrogenase variants, encoded in their corresponding, distinct gene clusters, have been found in nature. Each one of these consists of a catalytic dinitrogenase component and a unique, ATP-dependent reductase, the Fe protein. The three variant nitrogenases differ in the composition of the active site and contain either molybdenum, vanadium or only iron in the dinitrogenase component. Here we present the 2.0 Å resolution crystal structure of the ADP-bound reductase component AnfH of the iron-only nitrogenase from the model diazotroph Azotobacter vinelandii. A comparison of this structure with the ones reported for the two other Fe protein homologs NifH and VnfH in the ADP-bound state shows that all are adopting the same conformation. However, cross-reactivity assays with the three nitrogenase homologs revealed AnfH to be compatible with iron-only nitrogenase and to a lesser degree with the vanadium-containing enzyme, but not with molybdenum nitrogenase
Download or read book Molecular and Biochemical Investigation of Azotobacter Vinelandii Nitrogenases written by Shi Lei and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Nitrogen Fixation and its Research in China written by Guo-Fan Hong and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen Fixation by symbiotic organisms is considered an important contribution to the solution of food problems throughout the world. For manyyears, Chinese scientists have focused their research in this area. Today more than half of the total nitrogen fertilizers applied are from biological fixation sources. The editor is an international renowned scientist at the Chinese Academy of sciences. He has brought together contributions from various research fields in China and Europe.Together they present the state-of-the-art in nitrogen-fixation research. The studies range from actino- mycete fixation induced in various genera andspecies of plants, mechanisms and chemical modeling of enzyme systems togenetical engineering of organisms.
Download or read book Biological Nitrogen Fixation written by Frans J. de Bruijn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-16 with total page 2250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitrogen is arguably the most important nutrient required by plants. However, the availability of nitrogen is limited in many soils and although the earth's atmosphere consists of 78.1% nitrogen gas (N2) plants are unable to use this form of nitrogen. To compensate , modern agriculture has been highly reliant on industrial nitrogen fertilizers to achieve maximum crop productivity. However, a great deal of fossil fuel is required for the production and delivery of nitrogen fertilizer. Moreover carbon dioxide (CO2) which is released during fossil fuel combustion contributes to the greenhouse effect and run off of nitrate leads to eutrophication of the waterways. Biological nitrogen fixation is an alternative to nitrogen fertilizer. It is carried out by prokaryotes using an enzyme complex called nitrogenase and results in atmospheric N2 being reduced into a form of nitrogen diazotrophic organisms and plants are able to use (ammonia). It is this process and its major players which will be discussed in this book. Biological Nitrogen Fixation is a comprehensive two volume work bringing together both review and original research articles on key topics in nitrogen fixation. Chapters across both volumes emphasize molecular techniques and advanced biochemical analysis approaches applicable to various aspects of biological nitrogen fixation. Volume 1 explores the chemistry and biochemistry of nitrogenases, nif gene regulation, the taxonomy, evolution, and genomics of nitrogen fixing organisms, as well as their physiology and metabolism. Volume 2 covers the symbiotic interaction of nitrogen fixing organisms with their host plants, including nodulation and symbiotic nitrogen fixation, plant and microbial "omics", cyanobacteria, diazotrophs and non-legumes, field studies and inoculum preparation, as well as nitrogen fixation and cereals. Covering the full breadth of current nitrogen fixation research and expanding it towards future advances in the field, Biological Nitrogen Fixation will be a one-stop reference for microbial ecologists and environmental microbiologists as well as plant and agricultural researchers working on crop sustainability.
Download or read book Molybdenum Enzymes written by Thomas G. Spiro and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1985-11-14 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 7 in the Metal Ions in Biology Series, divided into two parts, covers the nitrogenase enzyme complex and the molybdenum redox enzymes. Part one covers the chemistry of Mo-Fe-S clusters and their relationship to nitrogenase, cofactor chemistry and biochemistry of nitrogenase, spectroscopic and electrochemical studies of the Fe-Mo cofactor and Fe-S clusters, and more. Part Two surveys oxo-molybdenum chemistry, discusses the nature of the molybdo-pterin complex, and describes the characteristics of several of the Mo redox enzymes.
Download or read book Genetics and Regulation of Nitrogen Fixation in Free Living Bacteria written by Werner Klipp and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-28 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Genetics and Regulation of Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria This book is the second volume of a seven-volume series, which covers all fields of research related to nitrogen fixation - from basic studies through applied aspects to environmental impacts. Volume II provides a comprehensive and detailed source of information concerning the genetics and regulation of biological nitrogen fixation in free-living prokaryotes. This preface attempts to provide the reader with some insight into how this volume originated, how it was planned, and then how it developed over the several years of its production. Once the editorial team was established, the first job was to decide which of the many free-living diazotrophs that have been subjected to genetic analysis should be included in this volume. Would we need to develop specific criteria for selection or would the organisms, in effect, select themselves? Of course, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Azotobacter vinelandii, which have served (and still serve) as the main model organisms for the genetic analysis of diazotrophy, plus some of the other bacteria described in this volume, did indeed select themselves. However, there was considerable discussion surrounding well-characterized fixing species, like Azorhizobium caulinodans and Herbaspirillum seropedicae, both of which are able to fix atmospheric N under free-living conditions.
Download or read book Mechanistic Studies of Mo dependent Nitrogenase from Azotobacter Vinelandii written by Robert Y. Igarashi and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
