Download or read book Investigation of Surface Passivation Effects on Thin Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Performance written by Yibin Bai and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Aluminum Oxide for the Surface Passivation of High Efficiency Silicon Solar Cells written by Armin Richter and published by . This book was released on 2015-02-23 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Surface Passivation of Industrial Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells written by Joachim John and published by Institution of Engineering and Technology. This book was released on 2018-11-15 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surface passivation of silicon solar cells describes a technology for preventing electrons and holes to recombine prematurely with one another on the wafer surface. It increases the cell's energy conversion efficiencies and thus reduces the cost per kWh generated by a PV system.
Download or read book Higher Efficiency for Thin Multi Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells by Improving the Rear Surface Passivation written by C. J. J. Tool and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells written by Armin G. Aberle and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells written by W.R. Fahrner and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2006-08-15 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world of today must face up to two contradictory energy problems: on the one hand, there is the sharply growing consumer demand in countries such as China and India. On the other hand, natural resources are dwindling. Moreover, many of those countries which still possess substantial gas and oil supplies are politically unstable. As a result, renewable natural energy sources have received great attention. Among these, solar-cell technology is one of the most promising candidates. However, there still remains the problem of the manufacturing costs of such cells. Many attempts have been made to reduce the production costs of conventional solar cells (manufactured from monocrystalline silicon using diffusion methods) by instead using cheaper grades of silicon, and simpler pn-junction fabrication. That is the hero of this book; the heterojunction solar cell.
Download or read book Study of Surface Passivation Behavior of Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells written by Haider Ali and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To achieve efficiencies approaching the theoretical limit of 29.4% for industrially manufactured solar cells based on crystalline silicon, it is essential to have very low surface recombination velocities at both the front and rear surfaces of the silicon substrate. Typically, the substrate surfaces feature contacted and uncontacted regions, and recombination should be limited for both to maximize the energy conversion efficiency.
Download or read book Development of High efficiency Solar Cells on Thin Silicon Through Design Optimization and Defect Passivation written by Manav Sheoran and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall goal of this research is to improve fundamental understanding of the hydrogen passivation of defects in low-cost silicon and the fabrication of high-efficiency solar cells on thin crystalline silicon through low-cost technology development. A novel method was developed to estimate the flux of hydrogen, released from amorphous silicon nitride film, into the silicon. Rapid-firing-induced higher flux of hydrogen was found to be important for higher defect passivation. This was followed by the fabrication of solar cell efficiencies of ~ 17% on low-cost, planar cast multicrystalline silicon. Solar cell efficiencies and lifetime enhancement in the top, middle, and bottom regions of cast multicrystalline silicon ingots were explained on the basis of impurities and defects generally found in those regions. In an attempt to further reduce the cost, high-efficiency solar cells were fabricated on thin crystalline silicon wafers with full area aluminum-back surface field. In spite of loss in efficiency, wafer thinning reduced the module cost. Device modeling was performed to establish a roadmap towards high-efficiency thin cells and back surface recombination velocity and back surface reflectance were identified as critical parameters for high-efficiency thin cells. Screen-printed solar cells on float zone material, with efficiencies> 19% on 300 Îơm and> 18% on 140 Îơm were fabricated using a novel low-cost fabrication sequence that involved dielectric rear passivation along with local contacts and back surface field.
Download or read book Facile Grown Native Oxide Based Passivation of Crystalline Silicon written by A. K. M. Zahidur Rahim Chowdhury and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book High throughput Approaches to Optimization of Crystal Silicon Surface Passivation and Heterojunction Solar Cells written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We use a high-throughput (combinatorial) hot-wire chemical vapor deposition system to passivate the crystal silicon surface and to grow heterojunction silicon solar cells. We study the effectiveness of crystal surface treatments by atomic H or/and NHx radicals, followed by the growth of thin hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a Si:H) films. Treatment and layer properties such as times, thicknesses, and gas mixtures can be continuously graded, creating a two-dimensional sample with each variable varying in one direction. This results in high-throughput optimization of the processes. Effective carrier lifetime is measured by photoconductive decay to evaluate the effectiveness of the surface passivation by surface treatments. The effective carrier lifetime increases from about 5 [micro]s without passivation to about 24 [micro]s with an optimized surface treatment and thickness a-Si:H on single-sided c-Si. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that a-Si:H, a mixed phase, or epitaxial growth of thin-film Si depending on the surface treatment. Improvement in effective carrier lifetime correlates with an immediate a-Si:H growth on c-Si, rather than a mixed phase and epitaxial Si growth. We have obtained an efficiency of 13.4% on a non-textured single-sided heterojunction solar cell on p-type CZ-Si processed with optimized surface treatment.
Download or read book New Perspectives on Surface Passivation Understanding the Si Al2O3 Interface written by Lachlan E. Black and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-15 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book addresses the problem of passivation at the surface of crystalline silicon solar cells. More specifically, it reports on a high-throughput, industrially compatible deposition method for Al2O3, enabling its application to commercial solar cells. One of the main focus is on the analysis of the physics of Al2O3 as a passivating dielectric for silicon surfaces. This is accomplished through a comprehensive study, which moves from the particular, the case of aluminium oxide on silicon, to the general, the physics of surface recombination, and is able to connect theory with practice, highlighting relevant commercial applications.
Download or read book High Efficiency Silicon Solar Cells written by Martin A. Green and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 1987-01-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The early chapters comprehensively review the optical and transport properties of silicon. Light trapping is described in detail. Limits on the efficiency of silicon cells are discussed as well as material requirements necessary to approach these limits. The status of current approaches to passifying surfaces, contacts and bulk regions is reviewed. The final section of the book describes the most practical approaches to the fabrication of high-efficiency cells capable of meeting the efficiency targets for both concentrated and non-concentrated sunlight, including a discussion of design and processing approaches for non-crystalline silicon.
Download or read book In Situ Studies of Silicon based Thin Film Growth for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cells written by Petrus Jacobus van den Oever and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First generation, crystalline silicon solar cell technology currently dominates the photovoltaic market, but several technological as well as fundamental developments are needed to sustain a leading position that enables wide-scale implementation of solar electricity. In the manufacturing technology high-throughput systems for the deposition of functional materials applied in solar cells are required, while improved solar cell concepts that yield higher conversion efficiencies or a facilitated fabrication process are crucial to further reduce the costs per unit energy produced. This theis work concentrates on two key issues in the deposition process of silicon-based thin films for crystalline silicon solar cells. First, the deposition of amorphous silicon nitride (a-SiNx:H) antireflection coatings using the expanding thermal plasma (ETP) source was addressed. The second subject of study was the deposition of ultrathin amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) films on wafer substrates, which is of eminent importance in recent applications of a-Si:H for surface passivation and in silicon heterojunction solar cells.
Download or read book Heterojunction Solar Cells a Si c Si written by Thomas Mueller and published by Logos Verlag Berlin GmbH. This book was released on 2009 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main focus of the present work is related to the optimization of heterojunction solar cells. The key roles in obtaining high efficient heterojunction solar cells are mainly the plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of very low defect layers, and the sufficient surface passivation of all interfaces. In heterojunction solar cells, the a-Si: H/c-Si hetero-interface is of significant importance, since the hetero-interface characteristics directly affect the junction properties and thus solar cell efficiency. In this work, the deposition and film properties of various hydrogenated amorphous silicon alloys, such as a-SiC: H, a-SiO_x: H, and muc-Si: H (standard a-Si: H is used as reference), are employed. Special attention is paid to (i) the front and back surface passivation of the bulk material by high-quality wide-gap amorphous silicon suboxides (a-SiO_x: H), and (ii) the influence of wide-gap high-quality a-Si- and muc-Si-based alloys for use as emitter and back-surface-
Download or read book Study of Charges Present in Silicon Nitride Thin Films and Their Effect on Silicon Solar Cell Efficiencies written by Vivek Sharma and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As crystalline silicon solar cells continue to get thinner, the recombination of carriers at the surfaces of the cell plays an ever-important role in controlling the cell efficiency. One tool to minimize surface recombination is field effect passivation from the charges present in the thin films applied on the cell surfaces. The focus of this work is to understand the properties of charges present in the SiNx films and then to develop a mechanism to manipulate the polarity of charges to either negative or positive based on the end-application. Specific silicon-nitrogen dangling bonds (·Si-N), known as K center defects, are the primary charge trapping defects present in the SiNx films. A custom built corona charging tool was used to externally inject positive or negative charges in the SiNx film. Detailed Capacitance-Voltage (C-V) measurements taken on corona charged SiNx samples confirmed the presence of a net positive or negative charge density, as high as +/- 8 x 1012 cm-2, present in the SiNx film. High-energy (~ 4.9 eV) UV radiation was used to control and neutralize the charges in the SiNx films. Electron-Spin-Resonance (ESR) technique was used to detect and quantify the density of neutral K0 defects that are paramagnetically active. The density of the neutral K0 defects increased after UV treatment and decreased after high temperature annealing and charging treatments. Etch-back C-V measurements on SiNx films showed that the K centers are spread throughout the bulk of the SiNx film and not just near the SiNx-Si interface. It was also shown that the negative injected charges in the SiNx film were stable and present even after 1 year under indoor room-temperature conditions. Lastly, a stack of SiO2/SiNx dielectric layers applicable to standard commercial solar cells was developed using a low temperature (400 °C) PECVD process. Excellent surface passivation on FZ and CZ Si substrates for both n- and p-type samples was achieved by manipulating and controlling the charge in SiNsubx
Download or read book Interdigitated Back Contacts Solar Cell Based on Thin Crystalline Silicon Substrates written by Chen Jin and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis contributes to the fabrication technology of c-Si solar cells on thin substrates based on Interdigitated Back-Contacted (IBC) structures. The potential of this structure to obtain high efficiencies is well-known. However, important challenges should be addressed to adapt it to thin c-Si substrates, such as the manufacturing of the thin c-Si substrate itself, light absorption enhancement, device structure design, surface passivation, etc. Focused on these challenges, experiments and simulations have been carried out, including innovative thin c-Si substrate fabrication method Millefeuille process, novel IBC solar cell structures combining laser doping and silicon heterojunction technologies and thin IBC solar cell performance prediction through simulation. Finally, a 30 μm thick c-Si solar cell is fabricated by thinning down a finished device applying a silicon etching technique that combines dry and wet etching. Considering the Millefeuille process, based on the technological know-how the impact of both modulated profile and periodicity of silicon pores on the generated thin layer quality is explored and the results are visualized by SEM images. Furthermore, the solid-void transformation evolution during the high temperature annealing reveals the pore status at 35, 60 and 90 minutes, allowing a deeper understanding of the practical silicon atomic surface diffusion and the shape evolution. In order to find a viable and promising device structure that can be used in case of thin silicon substrates, a hybrid p-type solar cell structure is reported. In this case, emitter is based on silicon heterojunction technology while the base contacts are created by laser processing Al2O3/SiCx films. Special attention of the compatibility of both technologies has been paid in the proposed fabrication process including emitter region re-passivation and contact metallization. This work provides a new approach for achieving low-temperature high efficiency c-Si solar cells, as well as a novel pathway compatible to the fabrication of IBC devices based on thin c-Si substrate.In parallel with experimental progress, the simulation on thin c-Si IBC solar cell is carried out for performance study and prediction involving two typical rear surface doping structures: fully- and locally-doped. Simulation results of fully-doped structure reveal an efficiency potential of 16-17 % for thin c-Si IBC solar cell based on substrates of 10-15 μm without changing the technology developed for thick ones. Regarding the locally-doped structure, its performance is less tolerant to the degradation of front surface passivation. Additionally, a strong reduction of short-circuit current related to stronger requirements in the effective diffusion length is also deduced. Finally, a reduction of saturation current density, probably related to a change in the distribution of current that flow parallel to the rear surface, is also observed when the device is slimmed down. Next, a thin IBC c-Si solar cell efficiency potential is explored through rear contacts pitch study and the highest conversion efficiency is expected when contact pitches are minimum in the range of study. Finally, efforts are paid to get a thin c-Si solar cell through thinning down an already finished device of thick substrate. A silicon etching process based on RIE and wet chemical etching is proposed. Different experiments demonstrate that the front surface can be successfully repassivated after etching process. Additionally, random pyramids are created on that surface and the optical response of thin c-Si substrates is measured revealing a potential photogenerated current in the range of 40 mA/cm2 for 30 μm-thick substrates. Applying all these techniques to a final device, a 12.1 % efficiency is achieved and the front surface recombination velocity is deduced to be 1500 cm/s by comparing EQE with simulation results.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
