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Book Investigation of SKYSHINE

Download or read book Investigation of SKYSHINE written by Jack E. Olhoeft and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book The SKYSHINE II Procedure

Download or read book The SKYSHINE II Procedure written by C. M. Lampley and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Recent Skyshine Calculations at Jefferson Lab

Download or read book Recent Skyshine Calculations at Jefferson Lab written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New calculations of the skyshine dose distribution of neutrons and secondary photons have been performed at Jefferson Lab using the Monte Carlo method. The dose dependence on neutron energy, distance to the neutron source, polar angle of a source neutron, and azimuthal angle between the observation point and the momentum direction of a source neutron have been studied. The azimuthally asymmetric term in the skyshine dose distribution is shown to be important in the dose calculations around high-energy accelerator facilities. A parameterization formula and corresponding computer code have been developed which can be used for detailed calculations of the skyshine dose maps.

Book Skyshine Study for Next Generation of Fusion Devices

Download or read book Skyshine Study for Next Generation of Fusion Devices written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A shielding analysis for next generation of fusion devices (ETR/INTOR) was performed to study the dose equivalent outside the reactor building during operation including the contribution from neutrons and photons scattered back by collisions with air nuclei (skyshine component). Two different three-dimensional geometrical models for a tokamak fusion reactor based on INTOR design parameters were developed for this study. In the first geometrical model, the reactor geometry and the spatial distribution of the deuterium-tritium neutron source were simplified for a parametric survey. The second geometrical model employed an explicit representation of the toroidal geometry of the reactor chamber and the spatial distribution of the neutron source. The MCNP general Monte Carlo code for neutron and photon transport was used to perform all the calculations. The energy distribution of the neutron source was used explicitly in the calculations with ENDF/B-V data. The dose equivalent results were analyzed as a function of the concrete roof thickness of the reactor building and the location outside the reactor building.

Book Extensions to the Integral Line beam Method for Gamma ray Skyshine Analyses

Download or read book Extensions to the Integral Line beam Method for Gamma ray Skyshine Analyses written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A computationally simple method for estimating gamma-ray skyshine dose rates has been developed on the basis of the line-beam response function. Both Monte Carlo and pointkernel calculations that account for both annihilation and bremsstrahlung were used in the generation of line beam response functions (LBRF) for gamma-ray energies between 10 and 100 MeV. The LBRF is approximated by a three-parameter formula. By combining results with those obtained in an earlier study for gamma energies below 10 MeV, LBRF values are readily and accurately evaluated for source energies between 0.02 and 100 MeV, for source-to-detector distances between 1 and 3000 m, and beam angles as great as 180 degrees. Tables of the parameters for the approximate LBRF are presented. The new response functions are then applied to three simple skyshine geometries, an open silo geometry, an infinite wall, and a rectangular four-wall building. Results are compared to those of previous calculations and to benchmark measurements. A new approach is introduced to account for overhead shielding of the skyshine source and compared to the simplistic exponential-attenuation method used in earlier studies. The effect of the air-ground interface, usually neglected in gamma skyshine studies, is also examined and an empirical correction factor is introduced. Finally, a revised code based on the improved LBRF approximations and the treatment of the overhead shielding is presented, and results shown for several benchmark problems.

Book A Study of the Variation of Neutron Skyshine Dose with Respect to Roof Thickness  Source Spectrum Distribution

Download or read book A Study of the Variation of Neutron Skyshine Dose with Respect to Roof Thickness Source Spectrum Distribution written by G. Prabhakara Rao and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sensitivities of neutron skyshine dose calculation from particle accelerators to certain parameters like roof thickness, distance of the neutron source from the roof, and fraction of the high-energy part of the neutron spectrum were evaluated using response surface methodology. The calculations were done for distances ranging from 100 to 2000 m for various nominal values of roof thickness and for 50- and 60-MeV ?-induced neutron spectra on thick tantalum targets. Roof thickness is found to be the most sensitive parameter, and next is the high-energy part of the source neutron distribution, followed by the interaction term of the two variables.

Book Neutron Skyshine Considerations For The NIF Shielding Design

Download or read book Neutron Skyshine Considerations For The NIF Shielding Design written by M. S. Singh and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 3 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A series of coupled neutron-photon transport Monte-Carlo calculations was performed to estimate the roof shielding required to limit the skyshine dose to less than 1 mrem/y at the site boundary when conducting DT experiments with annual fusion yields up to 1200 MJ (4.2E20 neutrons/y). The NIF shielding design consists of many different components. The basic components include 10-cm-thick Al chamber with 40-cm-thick target chamber gunite shield having multiple penetrations, 1.83-m-thick concrete Target Bay walls, 1.37-m-thick concrete roof, and multiple concrete floors with numerous penetrations. Under this shielding configuration, the skyshine dose at the nearest site-boundary was calculated to be less than 0.2 mrem/y for all possible target illumination configurations. The potential dose at the site boundary would be about one-tenth of the cosmic neutron dose that we measured with bubble neutron detectors on board a commercial roundtrip flight from SF to Rochester. This incremental dose increase is well within the normal fluctuations (noise) of the natural background radiation in the Livermore area. The skyshine dose has no impact on the public. The skyshine dose trends at ground and elevated levels are plotted as a function of distance from 20 m to 1000 m from the center of the target bay. The differential neutron and photon energy flux emerging from the NIF roof and at several locations on the ground is plotted to show how it shifts with distance. The results of this study are compared with the neutron skyshine studies done at high-energy accelerators by R.H. Thomas.

Book Frontiers Of Physics 1998  Proceedings Of The Intl Mtg

Download or read book Frontiers Of Physics 1998 Proceedings Of The Intl Mtg written by D A Bradley and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000-11-24 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contents:Progress of RFQ and Superconducting Accelerators in China (C E Chen et al.)QCD Phase Transition in the Laboratory and in the Early Universe (B Sinha)Frontiers in Ultrafast Laser Science (W Sibbett)Asymmetries of Sea Quark Distributions in Baryons (M Alberg et al.)A Variational Approach to Many-Particle Systems (C K Kim et al.)Synchrotron Radiation Activities at KEK (M Kihara)Results of the UNU/ICTP PFF Network (S Lee)New Generation Positron-Atom Scattering Theories (K Ratnavelu)Superconducting Pairing of Quarks in QCD (N V Hieu & L T Tuong)Photon-Gated Persistent Spectral Hole Burning (Y X Nie & L Z Zhao)Wind Driven Circulation of the South China Sea (A Camerlengo)Effect of Soil Type on Environmental Terrestrial Gamma Radiation Dose in Johor State, Malaysia (A T Ramli et al.)Research in Optical Fibres Devices at Telekom Malaysia Photonics Laboratory (H B Ahmad et al.)Simplifying Complexity (W A T Wan Abdullah)Gravitational Wave Detection in the Laboratory (Y T Chen et al.)and other papers Readership: Theoretical physicists.

Book Energy Research Abstracts

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993-02 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Radiation Shielding

Download or read book Radiation Shielding written by J. Kenneth Shultis and published by Amer Nuclear Society. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This newly published book is intended for dual use as a textbook for students in radiation shielding courses and a reference work for shielding practitioners. It emphasizes the principles behind techniques used in various aspects of shield analysis and presents these principles in many different contexts. This approach is intended to provide a strong base of understanding in order to facilitate use of the large shielding codes that have come to dominate shielding design and analysis. An assumption is made that the reader has an understanding of mathematics through basic calculus and vector analysis as well as a knowledge of the nuclear physics of radioactive decay. For most chapters, problem sets are provided.

Book Nuclear Science Abstracts

Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Annals of Internal Medicine

Download or read book Annals of Internal Medicine written by Aldred Scott Warthin and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 1098 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book NBS Special Publication

Download or read book NBS Special Publication written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 984 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book International Conference on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology

Download or read book International Conference on Nuclear Data for Science and Technology written by Società italiana di fisica and published by Italian Physical Society. This book was released on 1997 with total page 796 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Book Inventory of energy research and development  1973 1975

Download or read book Inventory of energy research and development 1973 1975 written by Oak Ridge National Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 1324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: