Download or read book Investigation of Pasture and Confinement Dairy Feeding Systems Using Jersey and Holstein Cattle written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, dairy farmers in the U.S. are faced with the challenge of reducing the cost of producing milk. Milk prices have risen very little in the past decade, while the cost of producing milk has risen steadily. In North Carolina alone, dairy farm numbers have dropped more than 30% in the last ten years, and the trend is expected to continue. Dairy farmers have been forced to increase their profitability to stay in business. In addition, farmers have been forced to comply with stricter environmental regulations. Over the past few years, interest has been shown in intensive management rotational grazing systems. This four-year comparison trial was designed to compare the milk production, herd health, reproductive performance, and environmental impacts of pasture-based and confinement feeding systems using Holstein and Jersey cattle for the Mid-Atlantic region. The project had both Spring and Fall calving herds with breeding via artificial insemination in 75-day periods. Each seasonal herd replicate had 36 cows on pasture and 36 cows in the confinement group. Similar numbers of Holsteins and Jerseys were included in each year. Paddocks grazed comprised 29 ha of cool and warm season pasture species in 37 paddocks for year-round grazing. Pasture-fed cows received variable amounts of grain and baled silage as needed depending upon pasture availability. Confinement cows were housed in a covered freestall barn with access to an exercise lot and received a total mixed ration with corn silage as the primary forage. Confinement cows produced significantly more milk than pasture-fed cows, both for total lactation and average daily production. Reproductive performance of the two treatments did not differ with an overall 75-day pregnancy rate of 68%. Jerseys in both systems did have higher percentages of cows inseminated (96.5%), conception rate (59.6%), and 75-day pregnancy rate (78%) compared to Holsteins (86%, 49%, 57.9% respectively). The percentage of cows infected with at le.
Download or read book Investigation of Pasture and Confinement Dairy Feeding Systems Using Jersey and Holstein Cattle written by Sharon Lea White and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 147 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: Pasture systems, Dairy cattle, Manure management, Jersey, Holstein, Grazing.
Download or read book Alfalfa Silage written by Ollie Ezekiel Reed and published by . This book was released on 1917 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Pasture based Farming written by Richard W. McDowell and published by CABI. This book was released on 2008 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the different types of grassland farming and their impact on the environment, Environmental Impacts of Pasture-based Farming takes a broad and interdisciplinary view of the subject. The text is organized into two sections, the first addressing issues facing environmental quality, namely soil, water and air quality and socioeconomic impacts. The second section offers commentary on how the different pastoral sectors influence environmental issues. With highly tuned farm productive systems comes the risk of environmental impacts, and the purpose of this text is to highlight the areas with which these risks are associated and how best to mitigate them. While drawing attention to potential problems, chapter authors always remain conscious of the socio-economic needs of land users and the increasing world population and keep in mind that intense mitigation may be too restrictive on the farming system. This book takes an unbiased approach to improving management of grazed land and incorporates research from environmental science, agriculture, soil science and ecology.
Download or read book Developing Sustainable Agriculture and Community written by Lionel J. "Bo" Beaulieu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-21 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book illustrates the ways in which communities can strengthen the links and set the stage for long-term partnerships between sustainable agriculture and sustainable rural community development initiatives. It provides lessons learned, first, from the community development literature that can help shape sustainable agriculture strategies, and second, from the sustainable agriculture literature that can prove useful in moulding sound and effective community development strategies. The threads that weave the chapters together is the commitment to a building and expanding the community capital resources that have important bearing on the sustainability of agriculture and the broader community of which it is a part. Certainly, the success of the agriculture/community partnerships is rooted in one critical ingredient – "social capital." To be effective over the long-term, sustainable development depends on a network of people, drawn from a wide array of interests, who have a strong trusting relationship with one another, and who are willing to work together in responding to the economic, environmental, and social challenges facing agriculture and community alike. At the same time, strategies that work to strengthen the stock of all seven types of community capitals are important to pursue. It is balanced investments in all seven types of community capitals that will contribute to the emergence of "community agency" -- the ability of local people to act in a proactive manner in managing, utilizing, and enhancing local resources. With the emergence of "community agency," an important step in the pursuit of a sustainable future for both agriculture and community is possible. This book was published as a special issue of Community Development.
Download or read book NorFor written by Harald Volden and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-05 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NorFor is a semi-mechanistic feed evaluation system for cattle, which is used by advisors in Denmark, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. This book describes in detail the system and it covers five main sections. The first is concerned with information on feed characteristics, feed analysis and feed digestion methods. The second section describes the digestion and metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract and the supply and requirement of energy and metabolizable amino acids. The third section considers the prediction of feed intake and physical structure of the diet. The fourth section focuses on model evaluation and the final section provides information on the IT solutions and feed ration formulation by a non-linear economical optimization procedure. This book will be of significant interest to researchers, students and advisors of cattle nutrition and feed evaluation.
Download or read book Agricultural Resource Use and Management written by Kimberly Etingoff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-08-19 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title includes a number of Open Access chapters.Agriculture is one of the prime users of water, particularly in arid places with already-limited water resources, and its effects are diverse and far reaching. Providing a nuanced study of agricultural resource management, this informative book takes a four-pronged approach, covering research on:
Download or read book Breeding for Robustness in Cattle written by Marija Klopčič and published by Brill Wageningen Academic. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past decade has revealed unfavourable trends in e.g. fertility, udder health and locomotion in some major dairy cattle breeds due to a large increase in production and insufficient consideration of functional traits in the breeding goals. Such unfavourable trends in some functional traits increase costs. Additionally, the enlargement of herds leads to less available labour time per individual cow. This asks for cows that are easy to handle. At the same time, society is demanding a higher welfare standard of animals. These contradicting developments have increased the desire for so called more robust animals. Robustness can be defined as 'the ability to maintain homeostasis in commonly accepted and sustainable herds of the near future'; or 'the ability of the cow to function well in the environment she lives in as well as in a wide range of climates and production systems'. This book contains a series of articles (26) dealing with the concept of robustness, including aspects like evolution, genetics, environment, animal health and welfare, and integrity. Besides the major functional traits also the links to energy balance, hot climatic conditions, and the attitude and input of stakeholders towards robustness as part of the breeding program are discussed. This book is the first attempt to summarise the available knowledge concerning this topic in cattle, making this book unique. The contributions are from authors of 16 countries from all over the world. However, the focus is presently on farm animal level, while in future robustness of the whole production system may also require additional attention.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Dairy Sciences written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2011-03-25 with total page 4072 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dairy Science, Four Volume Set includes the study of milk and milk-derived food products, examining the biological, chemical, physical, and microbiological aspects of milk itself as well as the technological (processing) aspects of the transformation of milk into its various consumer products, including beverages, fermented products, concentrated and dried products, butter and ice cream. This new edition includes information on the possible impact of genetic modification of dairy animals, safety concerns of raw milk and raw milk products, peptides in milk, dairy-based allergies, packaging and shelf-life and other topics of importance and interest to those in dairy research and industry. Fully reviewed, revised and updated with the latest developments in Dairy Science Full color inserts in each volume illustrate key concepts Extended index for easily locating information
Download or read book Agroecological Practices For Sustainable Agriculture Principles Applications And Making The Transition written by Alexander Wezel and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-06-19 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Good agroecological practices are indispensable for the development of sustainable agriculture. In this book, principles, diversity and applications of agroecological practices for a range of systems are presented, transforming scientific research and participatory knowledge of production into practical application. It illustrates a broad range of research and teaching being used within the farming community to demonstrate best practice and current state-of-play within the field. Agroecological methods used in crop farming, grass-based livestock farming, fish production, and other complex farming systems are discussed. Conclusions are drawn from studies to provide an outlook on future trends of agroecological practices and on policies supporting implementation.Due to emphasis on real-life application, it is relevant not only to students of the agricultural sciences and public policy, but also to researchers, stakeholders and policy makers involved in the development of sustainable agriculture.
Download or read book Sustainable Dairy Production written by Peter de Jong and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-01-16 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in sustainable dairy production, helping the industry to develop more sustainable dairy products, through new technologies, implementing life cycle analysis, and upgrading and optimization of their current production lines. It aims to stimulate process innovations, taking into account environmental, economic and public relations benefits for companies. Topics covered include: How to set up a sustainable production line How to quantify the carbon foot print of a dairy product by using life cycle analysis Current technologies to improve the carbon foot print What measures can be taken to reduce the global warming potential of the farm Reduction of water use in dairy production Marketing sustainable dairy products Bench marking of dairy products against other food products Potential future technological developments to improve the carbon foot print for the following decades
Download or read book Mitigation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Livestock Production written by Pierre J. Gerber and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2013 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current analysis was conducted to evaluate the potential of nutritional, manure and animal husbandry practices for mitigating methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) - i.e. non-carbon dioxide (CO2) - GHG emissions from livestock production. These practices were categorized into enteric CH4, manure management and animal husbandry mitigation practices. Emphasis was placed on enteric CH4 mitigation practices for ruminant animals (only in vivo studies were considered) and manure mitigation practices for both ruminant and monogastric species. Over 900 references were reviewed; simulation and life cycle assessment analyses were generally excluded
Download or read book Fertility in the High Producing Dairy Cow written by M. G. Diskin and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The modern genetically improved dairy cow produces large quantities of milk but suffers from poor reproductive efficiency. This has a major impact on farm incomes. These two volumes review the causes of reproductive decline and low fertility.
Download or read book OECD FAO Agricultural Outlook 2019 2028 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-07-08 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Agricultural Outlook 2019-2028 is a collaborative effort of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations. It brings together the commodity, policy and country expertise of both organisations as well ...
Download or read book Dairy Herd Health written by Martin Green and published by CABI. This book was released on 2012 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dairy cow herd health is an important and universal topic in large animal veterinary practice and farming, covering both preventive medicine and health promotion. With the move towards large scale farming, the health of the herd is important as an economic unit and to promote the health of the individuals within it. This book will focus on diseases within herds, herd husbandry practices, youngstock management and environmental issues. Major diseases and conditions will be covered such as mastitis, lameness, nutrition, metabolic and common infectious diseases from a herd health perspective.
Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Dairy Cattle written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-02-09 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This widely used reference has been updated and revamped to reflect the changing face of the dairy industry. New features allow users to pinpoint nutrient requirements more accurately for individual animals. The committee also provides guidance on how nutrient analysis of feed ingredients, insights into nutrient utilization by the animal, and formulation of diets to reduce environmental impacts can be applied to productive management decisions. The book includes a user-friendly computer program on a compact disk, accompanied by extensive context-sensitive "Help" options, to simulate the dynamic state of animals. The committee addresses important issues unique to dairy science-the dry or transition cow, udder edema, milk fever, low-fat milk, calf dehydration, and more. The also volume covers dry matter intake, including how to predict feed intake. It addresses the management of lactating dairy cows, utilization of fat in calf and lactation diets, and calf and heifer replacement nutrition. In addition, the many useful tables include updated nutrient composition for commonly used feedstuffs.
Download or read book Jersey Herd Book written by and published by . This book was released on 1910 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
