Download or read book Investigation of Particle Detachment in Rapid Sand Filtration Using Radioactive Tracers written by Jill Diane Nordstrom and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Radiotracer Study of Rapid Sand Filtration written by Thomas Fisher Craft and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Radiotracer Studies on Rapid Sand Filtration written by Thomas Fisher Craft and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Investigation Into the Possibility of Using Radioactive Tracer Methods for Testing Filters written by Atomic Energy Research Establishment (Harwell, England). Isotope Division and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An All Glass Filtration Apparatus for Radioactive Tracer Experiments written by Jacob Sacks and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Filter Media Modification in Rapid Sand Filtration written by Po-Hsun Lin and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this research was to improve the filtration technologies to make them more sustainable and accessible. This study focused on developing improved operating methods for rapid sand filtration technology that would not require costly infrastructure upgrades to implement. Unlike previous filter media modifications conducted by other researchers, the filter media in this study was modified in situ. Process Controller software was used for automation of the test apparatus facilitating systematic variation of parameters and replication of results. Several different coagulants at varying dosages were applied by either downflow or upflow to modify a sand filter medium. Initially coagulants were added in downflow mode to the top of a 7.5 cm deep sand column prior to challenging the filter with an otherwise untreated kaolin suspension. Three coagulants, alum (Al2(SO4)3[BULLET]14H2O), ferric chloride (FeCl3), and polyaluminum chloride (PACl), were utilized separately to modify the sand filter medium. After modification of the filter medium, an initial particle removal of 96% was achieved by all coagulants versus 60% removal in the absence of pretreatment. Pretreatment with PACl and alum showed increasing particle removal with increasing dosage up to a maximum of 550 mmol Al/m2 after which filter performance declined. Pretreatment with FeCl3 increased particle removal over the entire range of dosages evaluated (70 to 2200 mmol Fe/m2) but headloss through FeCl3 treated filters became prohibitive at the highest dosage. Although downflow application of coagulant showed promise there was strong evidence that better performance and lower head loss would be possible if a more uniform application of the coagulant throughout the filter could be attained. Thus, a novel fluidized-bed pretreatment process was developed to modify the sand medium at the end of the backwash cycle of the filter. During backwash, a mixture of alum, base, and tap water were pumped into the filter upward from the bottom. The ensuing precipitation of Al(OH)3(am) in the filter pores enhanced the efficiency of turbidity removal from untreated raw water (up to 99.6%) without a substantial increase of head loss ([ALMOST EQUAL TO]14 cm). While pretreatment with Al(OH)3(am) was effective at enhancing particle removal, measurements of dissolved aluminum in the filter effluent showed that this process modification should only be considered for waters with circumneutral pH. At pH of 8 a pretreatment dosage of 16 mol Al/m3 resulted in effluent dissolved Al in excess of the EPA secondary drinking water standard of 0.05~0.2 mg/L. To clearly understand the fundamental aspects of the enhanced particle removal by fluidized-bed pretreatment with Al(OH)3(am), two alternative mechanisms were hypothesized: (1) Al(OH)3(am) coats the sand filter medium, and alters its porosity. (2) Precipitated Al(OH)3(am) embedded within the media pores acts as an additional filter medium that enhances the particle removal efficiency. Mathematical models for these two mechanisms were constructed and compared with experimental data for particle removal and head loss. Model predictions suggest that particle removal by the second mechanism, filtration through Al(OH)3(am) flocs, can account for the observed improvement of the filter performance.

Download or read book An Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Clogging of a Rapid Sand Filter written by Rolf Eliassen and published by . This book was released on 1935 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Assessment of Auxiliary Backwash Methods for Rapid Sand Filters written by Richard C. Pohlman and published by International Water Assn. This book was released on 2006 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An audit was performed in 1996 and 1998 at GCWW;s Richard Miller Treatment Plant (RMTP) to insure compliance with all current and proposed state and federal maximum contaminant levels. During the audit, training in filter profiling, including coring and floc retention analysis, was provided. Through these techniques, GCWW determined that the filter media was not getting effectively cleaned. Auxiliary backwash was recommended, but no experimental protocol was available to choose among available options. Four filters at RMTP were rebuilt for this study. New Leopold dual parallel lateral type block underdrains with integral media support (IMS) caps were installed. The sand media was completely replaced. Two filters were outfitted with air scour, one with surface wash and one was rebuilt with no auxiliary wash. The backwash procedures were then optimized and standardized before initiating the study. Turbidity and microbial testing were performed at various time intervals throughout the filter run to characterize the quality of the filter effluent. The magnitude and duration of the initial solids breakthrough were determined by the use of continuous turbidimeters and a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) system. Filter cores and floc retention analyses were used to determine the filter media cleanliness.

Download or read book Mechanisms of Particle Detachment During Filtration and Backwashing written by A. Amirtharajah and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Tracers in the Sea written by Wallace S. Broecker and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Radon A Tracer for Geological Geophysical and Geochemical Studies written by Mark Baskaran and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-08-11 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews all the major research accomplishments and summarizes the different applications of radon. It serves as a solid reference book for researchers who are interested in the U-series radionuclides and noble gases as tracers and chronometers. Radon has been widely utilized as a powerful tracer to quantify a number of processes that include gas exchange rates between air and water, submarine groundwater discharge in coastal waters, water exchange between rivers and lakes, ocean circulation, hydrocarbon and uranium exploration. It is also used as an atmospheric tracer for the identification and quantification of air masses and as a tool for earthquake prediction, etc. A significant portion of the book presents state-of-the knowledge on indoor-radon-related health issues. Applications of the decay-series of Rn-222 are presented in a chapter. It serves as a reference and a state-of-the-art resource for researchers who want to learn the different applications of radon in Earth systems.

Download or read book Methods of Seawater Analysis written by Klaus Grasshoff and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-07-30 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the book first appeared in 1976, Methods of Seawater Analysis has found widespread acceptance as a reliable and detailed source of information. Its second extended and revised edition published in 1983 reflected the rapid pace of instrumental and methodological evolution in the preceding years. The development has lost nothing of its momentum, and many methods and procedures still suffering their teething troubles then have now matured into dependable tools for the analyst. This is especially evident for trace and ultra-trace analyses of organic and inorganic seawater constituents which have diversified considerably and now require more space for their description than before. Methods to determine volatile halocarbons, dimethyl sulphide, photosynthetic pigments and natural radioactive tracers have been added as well as applications of X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy and various electrochemical methods for trace metal analysis. Another method not previously described deals with the determination of the partial pressure of carbon dioxide as part of standardised procedures to describe the marine CO2 system.

Download or read book Environmental Consequences of the Chernobyl Accident and Their Remediation written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by IAEA. This book was released on 2006 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The explosion on 26 April 1986 at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant and the consequent reactor fire resulted in an unprecedented release of radioactive material from a nuclear reactor and adverse consequences for the public and the environment. Although the accident occurred nearly two decades ago, controversy still surrounds the real impact of the disaster. Therefore the IAEA, in cooperation with other UN bodies, the World Bank, as well as the competent authorities of Belarus, the Russian Federation and Ukraine, established the Chernobyl Forum in 2003. The mission of the Forum was to generate 'authoritative consensual statements' on the environmental consequences and health effects attributable to radiation exposure arising from the accident as well as to provide advice on environmental remediation and special health care programmes, and to suggest areas in which further research is required. This report presents the findings and recommendations of the Chernobyl Forum concerning the environmental effects of the Chernobyl accident.

Download or read book Aerosol Science and Technology written by David S. Ensor and published by RTI Press. This book was released on 2011-10-06 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aerosol Science and Technology: History and Reviews captures an exciting slice of history in the evolution of aerosol science. It presents in-depth biographies of four leading international aerosol researchers and highlights pivotal research institutions in New York, Minnesota, and Austria. One collection of chapters reflects on the legacy of the Pasadena smog experiment, while another presents a fascinating overview of military applications and nuclear aerosols. Finally, prominent researchers offer detailed reviews of aerosol measurement, processes, experiments, and technology that changed the face of aerosol science. This volume is the third in a series and is supported by the American Association for Aerosol Research (AAAR) History Working Group, whose goal is to produce archival books from its symposiums on the history of aerosol science to ensure a lasting record. It is based on papers presented at the Third Aerosol History Symposium on September 8 and 9, 2006, in St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.

Download or read book INIS Atomindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists written by and published by . This book was released on 1970-06 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.

Download or read book Turbulent Mixing and Chemical Reactions written by Jerzy Bałdyga and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1999-03-12 with total page 900 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Turbulent Mixing and Chemical Reactions Jerzy Ba???dyga, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland John R. Bourne, Visiting Professor, University of Birmingham, UK and Emeritus Professor, ETH Zurich, Switzerland The way in which reagents are mixed can greatly influence the yield and range of products formed by fast, multiple chemical reactions. Understanding this phenomenon enables chemists to carry out reactions more selectively, make better use of raw materials and simplify product workup and separation. Turbulent Mixing and Chemical Reactions presents a balanced treatment of the connection between mixing and reaction. It contains theoretical aspects, experimental methods and expected results as well as worked examples to illustrate problem solving. This book will be of interest to all scientists involved in chemical engineering, physical chemistry, and synthetic chemists in the fine chemical and pharmaceuticals industry.