Download or read book Investigation of an Integrated Switchgrass Gasification written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chariton Valley Biomass Power Project, sponsored by the US Department of Energy Biomass Power Program, has the goal of converting switchgrass grown on marginal farmland in southern Iowa into electric power. Two energy conversion options are under evaluation: co-firing switchgrass with coal in an existing utility boiler and gasification of switchgrass for use in a carbonate fuel cell. This paper describes the second option under investigation. The gasification study includes both experimental testing in a pilot-scale gasifier and computer simulation of carbonate fuel cell performance when operated on gas derived from switchgrass. Options for comprehensive system integration between a carbonate fuel cell and the gasification system are being evaluated. Use of waste heat from the carbonate fuel cell to maximize overall integrated plant efficiency is being examined. Existing fuel cell power plant design elements will be used, as appropriate, in the integration of the gasifier and fuel cell power plant to minimize cost complexity and risk. The gasification experiments are being performed by Iowa State University and the fuel cell evaluations are being performed by Energy Research Corporation.

Download or read book Investigation of an Integrated Switchgrass Gasification fuel Cell Power Plant Final Report for Phase 1 of the Chariton Valley Biomass Power Project written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chariton Valley Biomass Power Project, sponsored by the US Department of Energy Biomass Power Program, has the goal of converting switchgrass grown on marginal farmland in southern Iowa into electric power. Two energy conversion options are under evaluation: co-firing switchgrass with coal in an existing utility boiler and gasification of switchgrass for use in a carbonate fuel cell. This paper describes the second option under investigation. The gasification study includes both experimental testing in a pilot-scale gasifier and computer simulation of carbonate fuel cell performance when operated on gas derived from switchgrass. Options for comprehensive system integration between a carbonate fuel cell and the gasification system are being evaluated. Use of waste heat from the carbonate fuel cell to maximize overall integrated plant efficiency is being examined. Existing fuel cell power plant design elements will be used, as appropriate, in the integration of the gasifier and fuel cell power plant to minimize cost complexity and risk. The gasification experiments are being performed by Iowa State University and the fuel cell evaluations are being performed by Energy Research Corporation.

Download or read book Experience with Atmospheric Fluidized Bed Gasification of Switchgrass written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Switchgrass was gasified in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor rated at 800 kW (2.75 MMBtu/hr) thermal input and operating at atmospheric pressure. A combustible gas with higher heating value varying between 4.2--5.9 MJ/Nm3 (114--160 Btu/scf) was produced. Carbon conversion was approximately 85%. Difficulties in feeding high moisture switchgrass inhibited smooth reactor operation. Several feed systems for switchgrass were tried with varying degrees of success. The results of gasification trials using switchgrass as fuel are described.

Download or read book Biomass Gasification and Pyrolysis written by Prabir Basu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-07-19 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers comprehensive coverage of the design, analysis, and operational aspects of biomass gasification, the key technology enabling the production of biofuels from all viable sources--some examples being sugar cane and switchgrass. This versatile resource not only explains the basic principles of energy conversion systems, but also provides valuable insight into the design of biomass gasifiers. The author provides many worked out design problems, step-by-step design procedures and real data on commercially operating systems. After fossil fuels, biomass is the most widely used fuel in the world. Biomass resources show a considerable potential in the long term if residues are properly handled and dedicated energy crops are grown. Includes step-by-step design procedures and case studies for Biomass GasificationProvides worked process flow diagrams for gasifier design. Covers integration with other technologies (e.g. gas turbine, engine, fuel cells)

Download or read book Effects of Torrefaction and Densification on Devolatilization Kinetics and Gasification Performance of Switchgrass written by Madhura Sarkar and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The overall goal of this research was to investigate effects of pretreatments (torrefaction at 230 and 270°C, densification, and combined torrefaction and densification) on biomass properties, devolatilization kinetics and gasification performance of switchgrass. Devolatilization kinetics was determined at three heating rates (10, 30 and 50°C min−1) in inert (nitrogen) and oxidizing (air) atmospheres using a thermogravimetric analyzer. Gasification performance were evaluated at three gasification temperatures (700, 800 and 900°C) using an externally-heated fixed-bed reactor with air at an equivalence ratio (ER) of 0.3. Devolatilization study showed that switchgrass torrefied at 270°C had the highest carbon (C) and the lowest hydrogen (H) and oxygen (O) contents (59.16, 4.67, and 34.53% d.b., respectively). This resulted in the lowest atomic O/C (0.44) and H/C (0.95) ratios and the highest higher heating value (27.11 MJ kg−1, d.b.). Combined torrefaction and densification of switchgrass resulted in the least volatile and the highest ash and fixed carbon contents (62.63, 5.91, and 31.45% d.b., respectively). Combined torrefied and densified switchgrass had the highest rate of devolatilization in both atmospheres as evidenced by the largest rate of weight loss peaks (34 and 44 mg min−1 in inert and oxidizing atmospheres, respectively), the lowest start and end temperatures of the rate of weight loss peak (250-300 and 230-310°C in inert and oxidizing atmospheres, respectively). Gasification study showed that bulk density of combined torrefied and densified switchgrass was the highest (598.17 kg m−3, d.b.) requiring less space to store and transport. Pretreatments of switchgrass and gasification temperatures had significant effects on gasification performance. Among all pretreatments, gasification of combined torrefied and densified switchgrass resulted in the highest yields of H2 (0.03 kg/kg biomass) and CO (0.71 kg/kg biomass), highest syngas LHV (4.97 MJ Nm−3), CCE (90.56%), and CGE (68.69%) at the gasification temperature of 900°C, which show that combined torrefaction and densification significantly improved gasification performance of switchgrass.

Download or read book Biomass Power for Rural Development Quarterly Report July 3 December 4 1997 written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper describes progress in several projects related to biomass power. These include switchgrass conversion development; switchgrass gasification development; production activities including soil studies, carbon studies, switchgrass production economics, watershed impacts, and prairie lands bio-products; information and education; and geographical information system. Attachments describe switchgrass co-firing test; switchgrass production in Iowa; cooperative agreements with ISU; Rathbun Lake watershed project; newspaper articles and information publications; Secretary of Agriculture Glickman's visit; integration of technical aspects of switchgrass production in Iowa; and evaluation of an integrated biomass gasification/fuel cell power plant.

Download or read book Investigation of Coal biomass Catalytic Gasification Using Experiments Reaction Kinetics and Computational Fluid Dynamics written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collaborative effort involving experiments, kinetic modeling, and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was used to understand co-gasification of coal-biomass mixtures. The overall goal of the work was to determine the key reactive properties for coal-biomass mixed fuels. Sub-bituminous coal was mixed with biomass feedstocks to determine the fluidization and gasification characteristics of hybrid poplar wood, switchgrass and corn stover. It was found that corn stover and poplar wood were the best feedstocks to use with coal. The novel approach of this project was the use of a red mud catalyst to improve gasification and lower gasification temperatures. An important results was the reduction of agglomeration of the biomass using the catalyst. An outcome of this work was the characterization of the chemical kinetics and reaction mechanisms of the co-gasification fuels, and the development of a set of models that can be integrated into other modeling environments. The multiphase flow code, MFIX, was used to simulate and predict the hydrodynamics and co-gasification, and results were validated with the experiments. The reaction kinetics modeling was used to develop a smaller set of reactions for tractable CFD calculations that represented the experiments. Finally, an efficient tool was developed, MCHARS, and coupled with MFIX to efficiently simulate the complex reaction kinetics.

Download or read book Biomass Wastes for Energy Production written by Eliseu Monteiro and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-02 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental problems are forcing a rethinking of the world’s energy supply system. In parallel, there is an increasing amount of global solid waste production. A fundamental shift toward greater reliance on biomass wastes in the world’s energy system is plausible because of ongoing major technological advances that hold the promise of making the conversion of biomass into high-quality energy carriers, like electricity and gaseous or liquid fuels, economically competitive with fossil fuels. Therefore, waste-to-energy systems have become a paramount topic for both industry and researchers due to interest in energy production from waste and improved chemical and thermal efficiencies with more cost-effective designs. This biomass shift is also important for industries to become more efficient by using their own wastes to produce their own energy in the light of the circular economy concept. This book on “Biomass Wastes for Energy Production” brings novel advances on waste-to-energy technologies, life cycle assessment, and computational models, and contributes to promoting rethinking of the world’s energy supply systems.

Download or read book Integrated Biorefineries written by Paul R. Stuart and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-12-10 with total page 877 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated Biorefineries: Design, Analysis, and Optimization examines how to create a competitive edge in biorefinery innovation through integration into existing processes and infrastructure. Leading experts from around the world working in design, synthesis, and optimization of integrated biorefineries present the various aspects of this complex process, capturing the state of the art in the advancing bioeconomy. The book defines an integrated biorefinery as a processing facility that transforms biomass into value-added products—from biofuels and biochemicals to food and pharmaceuticals. The chapters cover biorefinery product and process design, supply chains, process analysis, feedstocks, technologies, and policy and environmental analysis. They focus on second-generation feedstocks, including forestry resources, energy crops, agricultural residues, oils, and various waste materials. With the growing interest in sustainability in general and in renewable resources in industrial facilities, biorefineries are likely to play increasingly significant roles and have greater economic, environmental, and societal impact. This book fills an information gap by presenting cutting-edge advances that can effectively guide engineers and decision makers in the synthesis, selection, design, analysis, and optimization of biorefineries.

Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1994-03 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Industrial Biotechnology Development and Adoption by the U S Chemical and Biofuel Industries Inv 332 481 written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Process Systems Engineering for Biofuels Development written by Adrian Bonilla-Petriciolet and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-07-23 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive overview of current developments and applications in biofuels production Process Systems Engineering for Biofuels Development brings together the latest and most cutting-edge research on the production of biofuels. As the first book specifically devoted to process systems engineering for the production of biofuels, Process Systems Engineering for Biofuels Development covers theoretical, computational and experimental issues in biofuels process engineering. Written for researchers and postgraduate students working on biomass conversion and sustainable process design, as well as industrial practitioners and engineers involved in process design, modeling and optimization, this book is an indispensable guide to the newest developments in areas including: Enzyme-catalyzed biodiesel production Process analysis of biodiesel production (including kinetic modeling, simulation and optimization) The use of ultrasonification in biodiesel production Thermochemical processes for biomass transformation to biofuels Production of alternative biofuels In addition to the comprehensive overview of the subject of biofuels found in the Introduction of the book, the authors of various chapters have provided extensive discussions of the production and separation of biofuels via novel applications and techniques.

Download or read book Coal and Biomass Gasification written by Santanu De and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-13 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the science and technology of the gasification process and the production of electricity, synthetic fuels and other useful chemicals. Pursuing a holistic approach, it covers the fundamentals of gasification and its various applications. In addition to discussing recent advances and outlining future directions, it covers advanced topics such as underground coal gasification and chemical looping combustion, and describes the state-of-the-art experimental techniques, modeling and numerical simulations, environmentally friendly approaches, and technological challenges involved. Written in an easy-to-understand format with a comprehensive glossary and bibliography, the book offers an ideal reference guide to coal and biomass gasification for beginners, engineers and researchers involved in designing or operating gasification plants.

Download or read book Energy and Fuel Systems Integration written by Yatish T. Shah and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-10-15 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy and Fuel Systems Integration explains how growing energy and fuel demands, paired with the need for environmental preservation, require different sources of energy and fuel to cooperate and integrate with each other rather than simply compete. Providing numerous examples of energy and fuel systems integration success stories, this book: Discusses the use of different mixtures of fuels for combustion, gasification, liquefaction, pyrolysis, and anaerobic digestion processes Describes the use of hybrid nuclear and renewable energy systems for power and heat cogenerations with nonelectrical applications Details the holistic integration of renewable, nuclear, and fossil energy systems by gas, heat, and smart electrical grids Energy and Fuel Systems Integration emphasizes the many advantages of these integrated systems, including sustainability, flexibility for optimization and scale-up, and more efficient use of storage, transportation, and delivery infrastructures.

Download or read book Energy and Water Development Appropriations for Fiscal Year written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Energy and Water Development Appropriations for Fiscal Year 2002 written by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on Energy and Water Development and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 726 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book 107 1 Hearings Energy and Water Development Appropriations for 2002 Part 7 2001 written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: