Download or read book Investigation of Acute Systemic Inflammatory Response and Myocardial Injury After Cardiac Surgery in Patients Infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus written by Mawande Khayalethu Edson Gojo and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Cardioprotection written by Derek Hausenloy and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2009-08-20 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Cardioprotection refers to the prevention of CHD and the clinical improvement in patients suffering from cardiovascular problems.

Download or read book Myocardial Ischemia reperfusion Injury and Systemic Inflammatory Response in High risk Cardiac Surgery written by Juha Koskenkari and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Myocardial Protection written by Tomas A. Salerno and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Myocardial protection is regarded as one of the most important, yet also most controversial aspects of cardiac surgery. There has been considerable improvement in myocardial protection strategies over recent years, utilising a variety of new approaches to treat cardiac diseases, and this text is intended to embrace the state of the art in this field. The book summarises the state of knowledge on all aspects of myocardial protection, including the latest in the treatment of cardiac diseases, robotics, pediatric surgery and the treatment of cardiac failure. Robotic surgery, valvular surgery, pediatric surgery and coronary surgery are all covered by renowned experts, producing a comprehensive, forward-looking view of the field of myocardial protection. This book should function to update physicians and surgeons interested in the field of cardiac surgery on the current state of knowledge on myocardial protection.

Download or read book Association Of Endothelial Injury And Systemic Inflammation With Perioperative Myocardial Infarction written by and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ASSOCIATION OF ENDOTHELIAL INJURY AND SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION WITH PERIOPERATIVE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION.Authors: Aino Ollila (a), Leena Vikatmaa (a), Juha Virolainen (b), Sara Nisula (a), Pu00e4ivi Lakkisto (c), Ville Pettilu00e4 (a) Affiliations: Departments of (a) Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine and Pain Medicine, (b) Heart and Lung Center, (c) Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, PO Box 340, 00029 HUH, Helsinki, Finland.Background and goal of studyMajor surgery predisposes patients to endothelial glycocalyx (EG) injury. EG injury associates with cardiac morbidity [1-3], but its potential association with perioperative myocardial infarction (PMI) is unknown. Accordingly, we investigated the relation of EG injury, systemic inflammation and perioperative myocardial injury/infarction, hypothesizing that the acute EG injury and inflammation are associated with cardiac troponin T (TnT) release and PMI. Materials and methods15 PMI patients and 60 propensity-matched controls were investigated in this prospective study. We measured TnT, EG markers, soluble thrombomodulin (sTM), syndecan-1, vascular adhesion protein 1 (VAP-1), and an inflammatory marker IL-6 preoperatively, 6h, and 24h postoperatively. PMI diagnosis required a significant TnT release and an ischemic sign or symptom. We calculated Spearmanu2019s correlation between TnT, each of the EG markers and IL-6 at preoperatively, 6h, and 24h postoperatively. Comparisons of continuous variables were made using Mann-Whitney U-test. We calculated the Hodges-Lehmann estimator with 95% CIs to measure the magnitude of differences between PMI and non-PMI patientsu2019 values of EG markers and IL-6. The change over time for TnT, EG markers and IL-6 was tested by repeated-measures analysis of variance. A two-sided p-value

Download or read book The Cardiac Inflammatory Response in Sterile and Viral Inflammation written by Cesar De Jeronimo Diaz and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The NACHT, LRR and PYD domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome is a multimeric protein complex that initiates pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of cell death that produces a proinflammatory response via the processing and releasing IL-1ß and IL-18 via caspase-1 cleavage. The NLRP3 inflammasome is comprised of NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) and pro-caspase-1. In general, NLRP3 activation induces oligomerization resulting in ASC and pro-caspase-1 recruitment to the forming inflammasome. NLRP3 inflammasome assembly initiates pro-caspase-1 activation leading to pro-IL-1ß, pro-IL-18 and gasdermin D cleavage. Notably, the NLRP3 inflammasome is implicated in numerous cardiovascular diseases that include myocardial infarction (MI), myocarditis and hypertension. Various signaling motifs can activate NLRP3, which include oxidized mtDNA, K+ efflux, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and viral DNA. NLRP3 pharmacological inhibition is well-established to reduce infarct size in MI and attenuate left ventricle (LV) hypertrophy and cardiac fibrosis in pressure-overload injury. In addition, severe COVID-19 patients present elevated serum IL-1ß levels, which implicate the NLRP3 inflammasome in SARS-CoV-2 infection and pathophysiology. Interestingly, vitamin D supplementation is reported to attenuate inflammation in lung SARS-CoV-2 viral infection and is linked to improved outcomes in COVID-19 patients, which may be attributed to NLRP3 inhibition by the vitamin D receptor. On the contrary, NLRP3 contains numerous inflammasome independent functions that include transcriptional activity and promoting mitochondrial ROS production; however the mechanisms behind these functions are less well-characterized. We sought to investigate the NLRP3 inflammasome in numerous cardiovascular disease processes that include hypertension , SARS-CoV-2 viral infection, and MI. Study 1: We utilized NLRP3 KO and WT Dahl/SS rats to study hypertension disease progression. NLRP3 gene loss was induced in Dahl/SS rats by CRISPR mediated mutagenesis. Surprisingly, despite being fed low salt (0.12% NaCl) both WT and NLRP3 KO Dahl/SS rats developed hypertension, thus provided us an opportunity to investigate NLRP3 gene loss in salt-induced hypertension. Remarkably, we found that NLRP3 gene loss exacerbated LV hypertrophy compared to WT rats and did not attenuate cardiac fibrosis. In addition, we found that serum IL-18 levels were elevated in the NLRP3 KO vs WT group. Resident LV macrophages/monocytes were found to be polarized towards an anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype in NLRP3 KO rats. To our knowledge, this is the first time NLRP3 gene loss is demonstrated to worsen hypertension-induced LV hypertrophy and systemic inflammation. Study 2: Previous research investigating the effect of vitamin D supplementation in SARS-CoV-2 infected K18hACE2 mice indicates that vitamin D reduces lung inflammation by decreasing Ifnb mRNA expression. Moreover, current literature provides contradictory information on whether SARS-CoV-2 virus directly infects the K18hACE2 myocardium. We aimed to investigate whether the SARS-CoV-2 virus infects the LV and the effect of vitamin D supplementation on LV viral infection. K18hACE2 mice were intranasally infected with SARS-CoV-2 virus and sacrificed on day 6 and 14 post-infection. Mice were split into three vitamin D supplementation groups that included vitamin D deficient, vitamin D sufficient and vitamin D supplemented. We found that SARS-CoV-2 N-gene mRNA expression is not present in the LV of infected K18hACE2 mice. However, we observed that LV ACE2 protein expression was increased in SARS-CoV-2 infected mice compared to baseline. In addition, we observed no significant differences in LV CD68+ macrophages, LV H&E histology or cardiac fibrosis between infected and non-infected mice. Vitamin D supplementation was found to not provide anti-inflammatory effects to the LV in the parameters measured. Study 3: Our understanding of the temporal immune response to MI is largely based on permanent ligation rodent models, which may be due to exacerbated infarct size and inflammatory response. However, reperfusion of the ligated artery should be performed for clinical relevance. Evans Blue dye perfusion is required to visualize the infarcted and non-infarcted LV regions in ischemia-reperfusion studies, which may explain the bias towards the use of permanent ligation rodent models. Flow cytometry is extensively used to characterize immune cell dynamics due to its ability to detect various protein markers in single samples. However, Evans Blue perfusion presents a technical challenge since it produces an emission peak near 680nm when excited, which overlaps with numerous fluorophores. We sought to develop methodology to perform flow cytometry on single cell suspensions isolated from Evans Blue perfused LV from rats subjected to coronary artery ligation survival surgery. Evans Blue emission within 685nm and 735nm was observed in LV CD45+CD11b+ macrophages/monocytes isolated from Sprague Dawley and Dahl/SS rats. Interestingly, the Evans Blue emission intensity varied between both groups. We developed a flow cytometry panel for Dahl/SS rats that included CD45-APC-Cy7, CD11b-Pacific Blue, CD68-AF488 and CD206-PE to minimize Evans Blue emission interference. Using this panel we were able to identify and characterize LV CD45+CD11b+ macrophages/monocytes isolated from Evans Blue perfused hearts. In this study we demonstrate that flow cytometry on the Evans Blue perfused LV is feasible. Together, these studies provide novel insight onto an unexpected role for NLRP3 in LV hypertrophy disease progression, whether SARS-CoV-2 virus directly infects the LV and the effect of vitamin D supplementation on reducing cardiac inflammation, and methodology on performing flow cytometry on single cell suspensions isolated from Evans Blue perfused LV. These studies may be informative on identifying therapeutic targets for resistant hypertension, informing therapeutic strategies for SARS-CoV-2 viral infection, and providing technical knowledge for performing flow cytometry on Evans Blue perfused tissues.

Download or read book Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease written by Dr. Scott Dougherty and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2020-02-22 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Acute Rheumatic Fever and Rheumatic Heart Disease is a concise, yet comprehensive, clinical resource highlighting must-know information on rheumatic heart disease and acute rheumatic fever from a global perspective. Covering the major issues dominating the field, this practical resource presents sufficient detail for a deep and thorough understanding of the latest treatment options, potential complications, and disease management strategies to improve patient outcomes. Divided into four distinct sections for ease of navigation: Acute Rheumatic Fever, Rheumatic Heart Disease, Population-Based Strategies for Disease Control, and Acute and Emergency Presentations. International editors and chapter authors ensure a truly global perspective. Covers all clinical aspects, including epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnosis, management, and treatment. Includes key topics on population-based measures for disease control for effective primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Consolidates today’s available information and guidance into a single, convenient resource.

Download or read book Core Topics in Cardiothoracic Critical Care written by Kamen Valchanov and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-05 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most patients with critical cardiac or thoracic conditions will at some stage pass through the cardiothoracic critical care unit. Critical care presents more complex clinical data than any other area of medicine. The new edition of Core Topics in Cardiothoracic Critical Care focuses on the latest practise in the management of patients in cardiothoracic intensive care. The practice of cardiothoracic critical care medicine is constantly evolving, and this new edition reflects the modernized learning styles for trainees. Each chapter includes key learning points as well as sample multiple choice questions and answers to assist in exam preparation. This edition also features updated chapters on ECMO, perioperative management of patients undergoing emergency cardiothoracic surgery, and advanced modes of organ support for patients. This text provides key knowledge in a concise and accessible manner for trainees, clinicians and consultants from specialities and disciplines such as cardiology and anaesthesia, and nursing and physiotherapy.

Download or read book Complications in Anesthesia written by John L. Atlee and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 1030 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical text focuses on complications in the practice of anesthesia. Divided into sections similar to the thought processes involved in decision-making. Thumb indexing and cross-references are also included. All chapters have a case synopsis, problem analysis, and discussion of management and prevention.

Download or read book The Inflammatory Response in Myocarditis and Acute Myocardial Infarction written by Reindert Wilko Emmens and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is about myocarditis and acute myocardial infarction (AMI). These are two cardiac diseases in which inflammation of the cardiac muscle occurs. In myocarditis, inflammation results in the elimination of a viral infection of the heart. During AMI, one of the coronary arteries is occluded, causing ischemia and damaged cardiac muscle cells. Here, inflammation removes these damaged cells, so that scar formation can occur. However, for both diseases, inflammation also results in additional damage to the heart, actively increasing morbidity and mortality related to myocarditis or AMI. Therefore, it is important to be able to diagnose and treat inflammation of the heart adequately. The projects described in this thesis contribute to this purpose. First, we investigated a new diagnostic method for myocarditis, and found that by quantifying leukocytes in a quadriceps muscle section, we can diagnose myocarditis with great accuracy. We also demonstrated that atrial inflammation occurs in myocarditis patients, and we investigated the efficacy of an anti-inflammatory drug (colchicine) in a mouse model of acute viral myocarditis. For AMI, we investigated another anti-inflammatory drug (C1-inhibitor). First, we evaluated two different administration routes for C1-inhibitor in rats (subcutaneous and intravenous administration). Next, we induced AMI surgically in rats, and demonstrated herein that C1-inhibitor can reduce atrial inflammation. Finally, in the same rat model we investigated a stem cell therapy, and found that stem cell administration after AMI restores the cardiac function of the rats.

Download or read book Pathology and Pathogenesis of Human Viral Disease written by John E. Craighead and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2000-03-15 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathology and Pathogenesis of Human Viral Disease is a comprehensive reference that examines virus-induced clinical disease of humans in the context of the responsible virus and its epidemiology. Encompassing everything from cold and flu viruses to sexually transmitted diseases, this important resource describes the cellular and tissue pathological changes attributable to infection in the context of the pathogenic mechanisms involved. The author provides a comprehensive review of the older and contemporary literature, considering both the common and much rarer complications of infection. Pathology and Pathogenesis of Human Viral Disease is written from the unique perspective of the clinical pathologist. It will help clinicians and pathologists gain a better understanding of changes that occur in viral infected cells, tissues, and organs. It will also serve as a pathology source book for virologists, internists, and pediatricians. Provides a comprehensive, worldwide perspective of viral disease pathology Bridges the fields of pathology and virology; integrating clinical disease with cell and tissue pathology Addresses topics from the perspective of the clinical pathologist Illustrates unique, viral induced pathological lesions Considers common and uncommon complications of infection

Download or read book Aortopathy written by Koichiro Niwa and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-09 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first textbook to focus on Aortopathy, a new clinical concept for a form of vasculopathy. The first section of the book starts from discussing general concept and history of Aortopathy, and then deals with its pathophysiology, manifestation, intrinsic factor, clinical implication, management and prevention. The second part closely looks at various disorders of the Aortopathy such as bicuspid aortic valve and coarctation of aorta. The book editors have published a lot of works on the topic and have been collecting relating data in the field of congenital heart disease for the past 20 years, thus present the book with confidence. The topic - an association of aortic pathophysiological abnormality, aortic dilation and aorto-left ventricular interaction - is getting more and more attention among cardiovascular physicians. This is the first book to refer for cardiologists, pediatric cardiologists, surgeons, ACHD specialists, etc. to acquire thorough knowledge on Aortopathy.

Download or read book ICD 9 CM Official Guidelines for Coding and Reporting written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book ECMO Extracorporeal Cardiopulmonary Support in Critical Care 5th Edition written by Elso and published by . This book was released on 2017-02-01 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Translational Insights into Mechanisms and Therapy of Organ Dysfunction in Sepsis and Trauma written by Lukas Martin and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-12-15 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Download or read book Goldman Cecil Medicine E Book written by Lee Goldman and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2019-08-16 with total page 2972 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To be the best doctor you can be, you need the best information. For more than 90 years, what is now called Goldman-Cecil Medicine has been the authoritative source for internal medicine and the care of adult patients. Every chapter is written by acclaimed experts who, with the oversight of our editors, provide definitive, unbiased advice on the diagnosis and treatment of thousands of common and uncommon conditions, always guided by an understanding of the epidemiology and pathobiology, as well as the latest medical literature. But Goldman-Cecil Medicine is not just a textbook. Throughout the lifetime of each edition, periodic updates continually include the newest information from a wide range of journals. Furthermore, Goldman-Cecil Medicine is available for all users of ClinicalKey, Elsevier’s full library of subspecialty textbooks that can be accessed by readers who may want even more in-depth information. More than 400 chapters authored by a veritable "Who’s Who" of modern medicine A practical, templated organization with an emphasis on evidence-based references Thousands of algorithms, figures, and tables that make its information readily accessible Supplemented by over 1500 board-style questions and answers to help you prepare for certification and recertification examinations

Download or read book Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology Cardiac Surgery and Intensive Care written by Eduardo da Cruz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-10-28 with total page 3572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Cardiac Surgery and Intensive Care provides a consistent and comprehensive approach to multiple congenital and acquired cardiac pathologies pre, peri and postoperatively, with the use of algorhythms, guidelines and current research issues. Included with the e-reference are interactive videos with the most common interventions, online access to practical learning activities, and to the comprehensive Aristotle score and database. This reference work satisfies the need for a universal and practical review of management of critically ill children and adults with congenital heart disease, based upon taskforce decisions and the cumulative experience of the world leaders in the field.