Download or read book Investigating the Upscaling of in Situ Soil Moisture Measurements for Satellite Validation written by William Woodley and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote sensing instruments can provide soil moisture estimations at spatial scales impossible with in situ measurements. Assessment of remotely sensed estimations requires development of calibration and validation data sets with the in situ measurements and through calculation of an areal mean soil moisture (AMSM) using upscaling approaches. However, justification as to the choice of upscaling method is rarely given. This research evaluates six upscaling methods and their resultant AMSM values using soil moisture measurements from an in situ network in Kenaston, Saskatchewan. Applying the upscaling methods to network data obtained over the 2015 growing season, this research compares differences between methods, and their different AMSM values against the Soil Moisture Active Passive (SMAP) remotely sensed retrievals. Disparities between methods appear to be the result of a number of factors including soil texture influencing heterogeneous drying patterns, heterogeneous precipitation across the network and the methods weighting scheme for individual stations. These results demonstrate that method agreement is highest during saturated conditions and that high variation between stations within the network could indicate when to exercise caution regarding validation activities.

Download or read book Scaling Methods in Soil Physics written by Yakov Pachepsky and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-03-26 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The scaling issue remains one of the largest problems in soil science and hydrology. This book is a unique compendium of ideas, conceptual approaches, techniques, and methodologies for scaling soil physical properties. Scaling Methods in Soil Physics covers many methods of scaling that will be useful in helping scientists across a range of soil-rel

Download or read book Remote Sensing in Hydrology written by Edwin T. Engman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-11-20 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Seasonal Assessment of SMAP Level 3 and Level 4 Data Products Using Ground Based Measurements at Agricultural Sites written by Claire Socorro Weeks and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil moisture is a key parameter in hydrological and environmental processes such as global water, carbon, and climate cycling. Measuring the soil moisture content of agricultural soil is paramount to determining vegetation health and potential food availability as well as monitoring climate events such as droughts and flooding. The SMAP satellite (Soil Moisture Active Passive) estimates soil moisture through spaceborne retrieval on a global scale. These retrievals should be validated with in situ ground measurements to ensure adequate performance of the satellite. To investigate and assess SMAP performance for agricultural application, the satellite retrievals were validated with ground-based soil moisture measurements at five agricultural sites in Argentina, Canada, Spain, and the United States (US) for the period of April 1, 2015 to October 31, 2020. The evaluation included the dual channel algorithm (DCA) and the V-polarized single channel algorithm (SCA-V) based soil moisture from the Level 3 (L3) product and the model-assimilation-based Level 4 (L4) soil moisture. The L4 product was assessed at the satellite overpass times (as opposed to the 3-hr modeling interval) to make the comparisons between the products equitable. Various statistical measures such as unbiased root mean square deviation value (ubRMSD), root mean square deviation value (RMSD), mean difference (MD), Pearson correlation coefficient (R) and anomaly R were used to determine the accuracy of the retrieved soil moisture products. To further investigate the root causes of the challenge in meeting the requirements, we assessed the seasonal performance by separating spring (MAM), summer (JJA), fall (SON), and winter (DJF). The results show that the performance of the data products is indeed seasonally dependent. All SMAP data products examined generally met the mission requirement during all seasons but late spring and early summer. Retrieval is likely complicated during this time when the growing season begins, rapidly changing vegetation and surface conditions. We found that L4 products performed within the mission requirement more frequently than L3 products, which were more dry-biased and failed to meet the mission requirement more frequently during the growing season in spring and summer. During this time, performance of all products did not meet the mission requirement most often at the Carman and South Fork sites due to their specific conditions which further complicate retrieval. Anomalous performance was linked to seasonal variation in the vegetation opacity cycle and temperature differential between surface temperature data used by SMAP and in situ physical temperature.

Download or read book Thriving on Our Changing Planet written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2018-12-20 with total page 717 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We live on a dynamic Earth shaped by both natural processes and the impacts of humans on their environment. It is in our collective interest to observe and understand our planet, and to predict future behavior to the extent possible, in order to effectively manage resources, successfully respond to threats from natural and human-induced environmental change, and capitalize on the opportunities â€" social, economic, security, and more â€" that such knowledge can bring. By continuously monitoring and exploring Earth, developing a deep understanding of its evolving behavior, and characterizing the processes that shape and reshape the environment in which we live, we not only advance knowledge and basic discovery about our planet, but we further develop the foundation upon which benefits to society are built. Thriving on Our Changing Planet presents prioritized science, applications, and observations, along with related strategic and programmatic guidance, to support the U.S. civil space Earth observation program over the coming decade.

Download or read book Vadose Zone Processes written by John S. Selker and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-06-28 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vadose Zone Processes provides a unified, up-to-date treatment on the movement of water through unsaturated media. In addition to covering the basic equations governing the flow and fate of water in unsaturated media, the text covers the biogeochemistry of vadose environments and the statistical description of vadose processes. The authors emphasize maintaining an intuitive understanding of how the results are derived and how they are appropriately applied. This comprehensive and important book will be useful not only to those in traditional fields such as civil engineering, geology, crop science, chemical engineering, agricultural engineering, and hydrology but also in the newer environmental engineering fields including containment transport, pollution remediation, and waste disposal.

Download or read book Examining Multiple Techniques to Interpolate Discrete Soil Moisture Measurements Using a Large Scale Lysimeter Facility written by Melisa Kopan and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil moisture is a crucial component for understanding the agricultural soil water budget. In situ, soil moisture measurements are generally taken using soil moisture probes inserted at discrete depths within the profile. The characterization of the total moisture content found within the soil water profile for the agricultural water budget is generally determined through linear interpolations. This research used a large-scale lysimeter facility to evaluate the accuracy to which a linear interpolation can characterize a soil water profile. Results identified that a linear interpolation can describe the profile with normalized root mean square errors of 4.38% and 4.5% for silt loam and sandy loam soils, respectively, between actual and predicted daily soil water storage. Other interpolation methods (e.g., soil weighted average, inverse distance weighting, geophysical techniques, and cubic splines) were then employed to determine if the estimations of water budget estimates could be improved. A geophysical weighting technique showed the most promising improvement for estimation of the soil water profile for the sandy loam soils, while a linear interpolation remained the best method for the silt loam soils. Findings suggest that soil texture analysis is beneficial in determining the type of interpolation required.

Download or read book Proximal Soil Sensing written by Raphael A. Viscarra Rossel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-07-25 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reports on developments in Proximal Soil Sensing (PSS) and high resolution digital soil mapping. PSS has become a multidisciplinary area of study that aims to develop field-based techniques for collecting information on the soil from close by, or within, the soil. Amongst others, PSS involves the use of optical, geophysical, electrochemical, mathematical and statistical methods. This volume, suitable for undergraduate course material and postgraduate research, brings together ideas and examples from those developing and using proximal sensors and high resolution digital soil maps for applications such as precision agriculture, soil contamination, archaeology, peri-urban design and high land-value applications, where there is a particular need for high spatial resolution information. The book in particular covers soil sensor sampling, proximal soil sensor development and use, sensor calibrations, prediction methods for large data sets, applications of proximal soil sensing, and high-resolution digital soil mapping. Key themes: soil sensor sampling – soil sensor calibrations – spatial prediction methods – reflectance spectroscopy – electromagnetic induction and electrical resistivity – radar and gamma radiometrics – multi-sensor platforms – high resolution digital soil mapping - applications Raphael A. Viscarra Rossel is a scientist at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) of Australia. Alex McBratney is Pro-Dean and Professor of Soil Science in the Faculty of Agriculture Food & Natural Resources at the University of Sydney in Australia. Budiman Minasny is a Senior Research Fellow in the Faculty of Agriculture Food & Natural Resources at the University of Sydney in Australia.

Download or read book Microwave Radar and Radiometric Remote Sensing written by Fawwaz Tayssir Ulaby and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 2-10.3 Multiple Reflection Method

Download or read book Advanced Remote Sensing written by Shunlin Liang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 821 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Remote Sensing is an application-based reference that provides a single source of mathematical concepts necessary for remote sensing data gathering and assimilation. It presents state-of-the-art techniques for estimating land surface variables from a variety of data types, including optical sensors such as RADAR and LIDAR. Scientists in a number of different fields including geography, geology, atmospheric science, environmental science, planetary science and ecology will have access to critically-important data extraction techniques and their virtually unlimited applications. While rigorous enough for the most experienced of scientists, the techniques are well designed and integrated, making the book's content intuitive, clearly presented, and practical in its implementation. - Comprehensive overview of various practical methods and algorithms - Detailed description of the principles and procedures of the state-of-the-art algorithms - Real-world case studies open several chapters - More than 500 full-color figures and tables - Edited by top remote sensing experts with contributions from authors across the geosciences

Download or read book Footprint scale Soil Moisture Spatial temporal Variability and Implications for Satellite Validation written by Dongryeol Ryu and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Earth Observation for Water Resources Management written by Luis García and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water systems are building blocks for poverty alleviation, shared growth, sustainable development, and green growth strategies. They require data from in-situ observation networks. Budgetary and other constraints have taken a toll on their operation and there are many regions in the world where the data are scarce or unreliable. Increasingly, remote sensing satellite-based earth observation is becoming an alternative. This book briefly describes some key global water challenges, perspectives for remote sensing approaches, and their importance for water resources-related activities. It describes eight key types of water resources management variables, a list of sensors that can produce such information, and a description of existing data products with examples. Earth Observation for Water Resources Management provides a series of practical guidelines that can be used by project leaders to decide whether remote sensing may be useful for the problem at hand and suitable data sources to consider if so. The book concludes with a review of the literature on reliability statistics of remote-sensed estimations.

Download or read book Study of Upscaling Technics for SMOS Soil Moisture Data Validation written by Carlos Amat Torelló and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Satellite Soil Moisture Retrieval written by Prashant K. Srivastava and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Satellite Soil Moisture Retrieval: Techniques and Applications offers readers a better understanding of the scientific underpinnings, development, and application of soil moisture retrieval techniques and their applications for environmental modeling and management, bringing together a collection of recent developments and rigorous applications of soil moisture retrieval techniques from optical and infrared datasets, such as the universal triangle method, vegetation indices based approaches, empirical models, and microwave techniques, particularly by utilizing earth observation datasets such as IRS III, MODIS, Landsat7, Landsat8, SMOS, AMSR-e, AMSR2 and the upcoming SMAP. Through its coverage of a wide variety of soil moisture retrieval applications, including drought, flood, irrigation scheduling, weather forecasting, climate change, precipitation forecasting, and several others, this is the first book to promote synergistic and multidisciplinary activities among scientists and users working in the hydrometeorological sciences. - Demystifies soil moisture retrieval and prediction - Links soil moisture retrieval techniques with new satellite missions for earth and environmental science oriented problems - Written to be accessible to a wider range of professionals with a common interest in geo-spatial techniques, remote sensing, sustainable water resource development, and earth and environmental issues

Download or read book Remote Sensing of Drought written by Brian D. Wardlow and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2012-04-24 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Remote Sensing of Drought: Innovative Monitoring Approaches presents emerging remote sensing-based tools and techniques that can be applied to operational drought monitoring and early warning around the world. The first book to focus on remote sensing and drought monitoring, it brings together a wealth of information that has been scattered throughout the literature and across many disciplines. Featuring contributions by leading scientists, it assembles a cross-section of globally applicable techniques that are currently operational or have potential to be operational in the near future. The book explores a range of applications for monitoring four critical components of the hydrological cycle related to drought: vegetation health, evapotranspiration, soil moisture and groundwater, and precipitation. These applications use remotely sensed optical, thermal, microwave, radar, and gravity data from instruments such as AMSR-E, GOES, GRACE, MERIS, MODIS, and Landsat and implement several advanced modeling and data assimilation techniques. Examples show how to integrate this information into routine drought products. The book also examines the role of satellite remote sensing within traditional drought monitoring, as well as current challenges and future prospects. Improving drought monitoring is becoming increasingly important in addressing a wide range of societal issues, from food security and water scarcity to human health, ecosystem services, and energy production. This unique book surveys innovative remote sensing approaches to provide you with new perspectives on large-area drought monitoring and early warning.

Download or read book Remote Sensing Platforms written by Alden P. Colvocoresses and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Analysis of Large Scale Spatial Variability of Soil Moisture Using a Geostatistical Method written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spatial and temporal soil moisture dynamics are critically needed to improve the parameterization for hydrological and meteorological modeling processes. This study evaluates the statistical spatial structure of large-scale observed and simulated estimates of soil moisture under pre- and post-precipitation event conditions. This large scale variability is a crucial in calibration and validation of large-scale satellite based data assimilation systems. Spatial analysis using geostatistical approaches was used to validate modeled soil moisture by the Agriculture Meteorological (AGRMET) model using in situ measurements of soil moisture from a state-wide environmental monitoring network (Oklahoma Mesonet). The results show that AGRMET data produces larger spatial decorrelation compared to in situ based soil moisture data. The precipitation storms drive the soil moisture spatial structures at large scale, found smaller decorrelation length after precipitation. This study also evaluates the geostatistical approach for mitigation for quality control issues within in situ soil moisture network to estimates at soil moisture at unsampled stations.