Download or read book Investigating the Effects of Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Lipid Metabolism and Body Composition in the Neonatal Pig written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essential fatty acids (EFA) linoleic acid (LA) and linolenic acid (LN) are necessary for growth and development. Tissues of the central nervous system and the retina depend on the conversion of LA to arachidonic acid (AA) and LN to docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Research in human infants has indicated that supplementation of infant formulas with AA and DHA promotes visual and neural development. The objective of the first study was to determine the utilization as well as the safety and efficacy of two sources of LCPUFA. Piglets (n=10/group) had ad libitum access from day 1 to 16 of age to a skim milk-based formula with different fat sources added to provide 50% of the energy. Treatments included: control with no added LCPUFA (CNTL), single cell oil triglyceride (TG), TG with phospholipid and cholesterol added to match phospholipid content in the PL diet (TG+PL), egg phospholipid (PL), and an essential fatty acid deficient group (EFAD). Formulas with LCPUFA provided 0.6% of fatty acids as AA and 0.3% as DHA. Total plasma AA and DHA concentrations (expressed as weight % of total lipid fatty acids) were greater in the TG compared to the CNTL (P0.05), but there were no differences among the TG, TG+PL or PL (P0.2). Apparent dry matter digestibility was 10% greater in the CNTL, TG, and TG+PL compared to the PL (P
Download or read book Investigating the Potential Effects that Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Have on Lipid Metabolism in the Piglet as a Model for the Human Infant written by Susan Ashley Mathews Oliver and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Keywords: long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, piglet, conjugated linoleic acid.
Download or read book The Relationship Between Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Body Composition in Infants written by Ye Yuan and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Body composition in early life is a key factor that impacts human health outcomes throughout the lifespan. There are several published studies describing the role of maternal n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) status in altering offspring body composition. However, less information is available for the relationship between infant n-3 PUFA and body composition. The present study aimed to test whether there is a relationship between newborn n-3 PUFA status and infant body composition. Seventy healthy mother-infant pairs from the Lakeshore General Hospital located in Greater Montreal were recruited. Infant body composition was assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Maternal and infant blood samples were taken, red blood cell (RBC) fractions collected and washed with saline then methylated to prepare fatty acid methyl esters with methanolic acetyl chloride for PUFA analysis using gas chromatography. Fatty acid status was expressed as % of total fatty acids (FA) in RBC. Infants were ranked according to RBC PUFA proportions using tertiles of: docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3), arachidonic acid (AA, 20:4 n-6), ∑n-3 PUFA, ∑n-6 PUFA and the ratio of n-6 PUFA: n-3 PUFA (n-6:n-3 ratio). The difference between the highest and lowest tertile was tested using MIXED model ANOVA. Correlation analysis and multiple regression models were performed to examine the relationships between the PUFA percentage and infant body composition. All infants (n=40 male; n=30 female) were of healthy weights and lengths for age (0.65±0.18 mo) and breastfed. On average, infants had 5.4±0.7% DHA, 14.7±1.3% AA, 6.4±0.9% ∑n-3 PUFA, 29.4±1.5% ∑n-6 PUFA of total FA and a n-6:n-3 ratio of 4.7±0.7 in RBC membranes. Infant RBC DHA and AA were negatively related to percentage of body fat (R2=0.26, p=0.03 and R2=0.27, p=0.02 respectively) in regression models adjusted for family income, maternal education, pregnancy weight gain, race, infant postnatal age, infant serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration and sex. RBC AA was also positively associated with lean mass (g/kg) (R2=0.31, p=0.01). Infants in the highest tertile of the n-6:n-3 ratio had a higher percentage of body fat compared to those in the lowest tertile (15.9±2.5% vs 13.3±2.6%, p=0.04). These results suggest that the neonatal PUFA percentage might partially explain the variation of infant fat stores obtained in utero and during early infancy. As such, balancing the ratio of n-6 PUFA and n-3 PUFA could be explored as a strategy to positively regulate body composition in infants. Further research is needed to replicate this study specifically in this age group. " --
Download or read book Effect of Dietary Single Cell Long Chain Polyunsaturated Oils on Neonatal Piglets written by Chueh Chao and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lipids in Infant Nutrition written by Andrew J. Sinclair and published by The American Oil Chemists Society. This book was released on 1998-05-30 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eighteen articles present the latest research, covering topics connected with infant nutrition and antioxidants, cholesterol, triglycerides, and the effect of diet. A sampling of article topics: possible roles of maternal and perinatal long-chain fatty acids in preterm birth; enzymes in human milk; role of gangliosides in infant nutrition; and early diet influences on hepatic lipogenesis. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Download or read book Developing Brain Behaviour written by John Dobbing and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1997-08-13 with total page 555 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Certain long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) are thought to be essential components of the nutrition of infants, including those prematurely born, in the sense that they cannot be synthesises by the immature organism and must therefore be supplied in the diet. Breast milk contains these substances, but many manufactured infant formulae do not.An absence of dietary LCPUFAs has been thought to affect the development of the brain and retina, possibly leading to abnormalties in cognitive and visual function. Considerable multidisciplinary research has been carried out to investigate this proposition. Diets free from LCPUFAs have been compared with supplemented formulae, or with breast milk.The conclusions from this research were critically examined by a group of leading paediatricians, nutritionists, experts in visual science and developmental behavioural scientists at a 'Dobbing Workshop' held in the United States in late February, 1997. Each of the Chapters was precirculated to the whole group, commented on before the Workshop, and then exhaustively discussed. The Chapters and Commentaries which are published here have therefore undergone a more extensive peer-review process than is usually the case.
Download or read book Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism written by Graham C. Burdge and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Metabolism explores a number of major roles of PUFA in the body, including its role as a component of cell membranes and how it provides substrates for the synthesis of lipid second messengers. Recent studies are unraveling the effect of interactions between diet and endocrine factors and genetic and epigenetic variation on the regulation of PUFA biosynthesis in animals. Together, these recent findings provide novel insights into the impact of differences in PUFA supply on health. This book captures these findings in a manner that marks the state-of-the-art, placing them in the wider context of PUFA metabolism and nutritional science. Users will find a comprehensive discussion on the topic that presents the contributions of leading researchers who combine their knowledge to create a cohesive academic resource for researchers, those involved in production, and health policymakers. Provides a comprehensive view of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism Describes underlying metabolism on lipids that include polyunsaturated fatty acids Includes discussions on recent findings on the genetic and epigenetic regulation of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism
Download or read book Effect of Dietary Very Long Chain Fatty Acids on the Fatty Acid Composition of the Neonatal Pig Testis written by Lin Ping and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Swine written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2012-08-02 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1944, the National Research Council has published 10 editions of the Nutrient Requirements of Swine. This reference has guided nutritionists and other professionals in academia and the swine and feed industries in developing and implementing nutritional and feeding programs for swine. The swine industry has undergone considerable changes since the tenth edition was published in 1998 and some of the requirements and recommendations set forth at that time are no longer relevant or appropriate. The eleventh revised edition of the Nutrient Requirements of Swine builds on the previous editions published by the National Research Council. A great deal of new research has been published during the last 15 years and there is a large amount of new information for many nutrients. In addition to a thorough and current evaluation of the literature on the energy and nutrient requirements of swine in all stages of life, this volume includes information about feed ingredients from the biofuels industry and other new ingredients, requirements for digestible phosphorus and concentrations of it in feed ingredients, a review of the effects of feed additives and feed processing, and strategies to increase nutrient retention and thus reduce fecal and urinary excretions that could contribute to environmental pollution. The tables of feed ingredient composition are significantly updated. Nutrient Requirements of Swine represents a comprehensive review of the most recent information available on swine nutrition and ingredient composition that will allow efficient, profitable, and environmentally conscious swine production.
Download or read book Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Human Nutrition written by Umberto Bracco and published by Raven Press (ID). This book was released on 1992 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Basado en el 28 Seminario Néstle Nutrition celebrado en Mexico, 27-30 de noviembre de 1990.
Download or read book The Metabolism and Effects of Different Long Chain Fatty Acids in the Bovine Liver written by Douglas G. Mashek and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exogenous Effects of Alpha linolenic and Linoleic Acid on the Fatty Acid Distribution and the Regulation of Lipid Metabolism in Ruminant Tissues written by Andrea Herdmann and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fatty Acid Digestion Synthesis and Metabolism in Broiler Chickens and Pigs written by Willem Smink and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Production Absorption and Metabolic Fate of Fatty Acids in Pigs Fed High fiber Diets written by SAYMORE PETROS. NDOU and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the use of agro-industrial co-products has significantly increased in pig diets resulting in increased dietary fiber. It is, however, intriguing that nutrient utilization and performance are depressed if pigs consume nutritionally balanced high-fiber diets that are composed of co-products plus supplementary fat. The first study indicated that addition of soluble fiber from Flaxseed meal (FM) and insoluble fiber from Oat hulls (OH) in pig diets increased intestinal VFA and BA contents but reduced fecal fat digestibility and induced variable effects on the histological characteristics, and composition and function of digesta- and mucosa-associated microbiota in gastrointestinal segments. Moreover, soluble fiber from FM depressed growth performance. The second study showed that soluble fiber from FM and insoluble fiber from OH reduced, ileal digested energy, FA digestibility, and absorption, gastrointestinal flows of FA and excretion of BA and both dietary fiber sources induced variable effects on digestibility of DF fractions, hindgut VFA production and fecal flows of unsaturated FA. The third study investigated the interactive effects of DF solubility and lipid type on digestibility of DF and FA, and flows of FA and BA in the ileum, cecum and colon, and VFA production and absorption in the cecum and colon of growing pigs. The production and absorption of VFA and DF fermentability in the cecum and colon was greater in pigs fed soluble fiber from Pectin compared to those fed insoluble fiber from Cellulose, and beef tallow supplementation depressed fermentation compared to corn oil. The interaction between DF solubility and lipid type modulates digestibility of lipids, flows of FA and BA and fermentability of DF fractions but differs for soluble and insoluble fiber, and saturated and unsaturated fatty acids. Lastly, the fourth study revealed that soluble from FM and insoluble fiber from OH increased the VFA uptake, and transportation and induced comparable effects on expressions of mRNA of colonic and hepatic genes involved in lipid metabolism. Taken together, soluble and insoluble fiber reduce fatty acids digestibility and induce variable effects on growth performance, intestinal fermentation, histomorphology, expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism and gastrointestinal microbiota composition.
Download or read book Dietary Long Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Alter Intestinal Fatty Acid Profiles But Do Not Impact the Digestive Function of Neonatal Piglets written by Megan Chase McCarthy and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Research Awards Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 1588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lipid Biochemistry written by Michael I. Gurr and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the publication of the first edition of this successful and popular book in 1970, the subject of lipid biochemistry has evolved greatly and this fifth up-to-date and comprehensive edition includes much new and exciting information. Lipid Biochemistry, fifth edition has been largely re-written in a user-friendly way, with chapters containing special interest topic boxes, summary points and lists of suggested reading, further enhancing the accessibility and readability of this excellent text. Contents include abbreviations and definitions used in the study of lipids, routine analytical methods, fatty acid structure and metabolism, dietary lipids and lipids as energy stores, lipid transport, lipids in cellular structures and the metabolism of structural lipids. The book provides a most comprehensive treatment of the subject, making it essential reading for all those working with or studying lipids. Upper level students of biochemistry, biology, clinical subjects, nutrition and food science will find the contents of this book invaluable as a study aid, as will postgraduates specializing in the topics covered in the book. Professionals working in research in academia and industry, including personnel involved in food and nutrition research, new product formulation, special diet formulation (including nutraceuticals and functional foods) and other clinical aspects will find a vast wealth of information within the book's pages. Michael Gurr was a Visiting Professor in Human Nutrition at the University of Reading, UK and at Oxford Brookes University, UK. John Harwood is a Professor of Biochemistry at the School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, UK. Keith Frayn is a Professor of Human Metabolism at the Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, UK.
