Download or read book Investigating Oil Mixture Flow Characterization written by Charlotte Sui Mei Kho and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this research the high viscosity of crude oil exerts high turbulences creates the resistance (drag) and lower the mobility and flow of the crude oil. Thus, more power is needed to transport the fluid. This research is to investigate oil mixture performance when addictives are introduced into the system. In this experiment, the performance the addictives used are non - ionic surfactants, Triton X - 15 and Triton X - 114 are added into the oil mixture to form emulsions and the samples are tested using rotating disk apparatus. The investigate parameters are effect of the concentration of surfactant, volume fraction of oil and water, rotational speed and types of surfactant used to the emulsion. The torque value (flow resistivity) measured varies with the rotational speed up tested from 50 rpm to 3000 rpm and the emulsion concentration at 600 ppm, 800 ppm and 1000 ppm. Besides, different volume of water: oil ratios (50% - 50%, 60% - 40%, 70% - 30%) are also investigated. Triton X - 114 has high potential in enhancing the transportation of crude oil via pipelines as emulsions formed that contains 40% oil and 60% water shows torque reading less than the torque value exerted by the cooking oil without any addition of addictives. The reduction of torque is approximately 50% lower than the cooking oil without any addictives. It is proven that Triton X - 114 lowers the surface tension of the fluid thus it reduces the flow resistivity. The Triton X - 15 is strongly not recommended in forming emulsion for transportation as it exerts high resistance in the form of an emulsion. It is strongly recommended for future work that the study should be done in larger scope on certain experimental parameters specifically on more addictives should be tested. Besides that, the more rheological studies should be expanded on the effect of temperature, concentrations and volume fractions on the performance of emulsion Besides, it is better if the formation of droplets on the emulsion size in order to have a better the understanding of the factors contributes to emulsions stability.
Download or read book Heavy Crude Oil Recovery written by E. Okandan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Within the last 10 years the world has come to a point where the easily explorable oil deposits have now been found, and it is anticipated that such deposits will be depleted by the beginning of the Twenty-first Century. However, the increasing demand of man kind for energy has caused technologists to look into ways of find ing new sources or to reevaluat:e unconventional sources which, in the past, have not been economical. In this respect, heavy crude and tar sand oils are becoming important in fulfilling the world's energy requirements. What are heavy crude and tar sand oils? There is still some confusion as to their definitions, inasmuch as they vary among organizations and countries. In an effort to set agreed meanings, UNITAR, in a meeting in February 1982 in Venezuela, proposed the following definitions (see also Table 1): 1. Heavy crude oil and tar sand oil are petroleum or petroleum like liquids or semi-solids naturally occurring in porous media. The porous media are sands, sandstone, and carbonate rocks. 2. These oils will be characterized by viscosity and density. Viscosity will be used to define heavy crude oil and tar sand oil, and density (oAPI) will be used when viscosity measurements are not available. 3. Heavy crude oil has a gas-free viscosity of 100-10000 mPa.s (cp) 3 o at reservoir temperatures, or a density of 943 kg/m (20 API) 3 o o to 1000 kg/m (10 API) at 15.6 C and at atmospheric oressure.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Multiphase Flow written by Christopher E. Brennen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-04-18 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Download or read book An Investigation of the Flow Characteristics in the Blade Endwall Corner Region written by Birinchi K. Hazarika and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Report of Investigations written by and published by . This book was released on 1930 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Preliminary Investigation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of Small Inclined Air Outlets at Transonic Mach Numbers written by Paul E. Dewey and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aerodynamic characteristics of several outlets with inclined or curved axes discharging air into a transonic stream have been investigated. The data presented herein show the discharge coefficient of such outlets and the static-pressure distribution in the vicinity of the outlets for several values of stream Mach number and discharge flow parameter. Tuft observations, showing the vortex formations caused by the outlet discharge from a perpendicular and an inclinded outlet, are also presented.
Download or read book Refining Problems written by Harry H. Hill and published by . This book was released on 1920 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fossil Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 1052 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The use of Prosper in studying the Production Optimization of an Oil Well written by Anireju Emmanuel Dudun and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2018-02-26 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bachelor Thesis from the year 2014 in the subject Engineering - Power Engineering, grade: A, University of Benin, course: Petroleum Engineering, language: English, abstract: Crude oil production is a major requirement to sustaining the well begins of any petroleum company. This will entail the effective placement of all facilities and equipment; surface or subsurface in order to achieve optimum volume of crude oil production, this is usually called production optimization. In this study, the software prosper was utilized to case study well J-12T Well J-12T, a natural producer was producing at its peak oil rate at 6137 STB/d at 0% water-cut by mid-1973 but since then production has been on the decline due to increasing water-cut and decreasing reservoir pressure. But to date, the well is producing at an oil rate of 1431 STB/d at a water-cut of 50%.The VLP/IPR data were matched to well test flow rate measurement with a deviation of about 0,0534%, thereafter a short and long term optimization plan scenarios such as sensitivity runs on the well head pressure, tubing sizes, and gas lift technique respectively etc for the well, were simulated in PROSPER and then evaluated. The results of this work suggests that; by lowering the Christmas tree pressure from 180 to 120psi the well’s life can be extended to 70% water-cut, also increasing the tubing size from 2,992" to 3,958" ID is also recommended. The gas lift method was found to be more economical as it can produce up to a maximum economic water cut of 90% with optimum gas injection rate of 3.3MMscf/d and oil production rates will increased from 1431 STB/d to about 3000 STB/d at 50% water-cut.
Download or read book Non Newtonian Flow written by R. P. Chhabra and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-08-19 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Non-Newtonian materials are encountered in virtually all of the chemical and process industries and a full understanding of their nature and flow characteristics is an essential requirement for engineers and scientists involved in their formulation and handling. This book will bridge the gap between much of the highly theoretical and mathematically complex work of the rheologist and the practical needs of those who have to design and operate plants in which these materials are handled and processed. At the same time, numerous references are included for the benefit of those who need to delve more deeply into the subject.The starting point for any work on non-newtonian fluids is their characterisation over the range of conditions to which they are likely to be subjected during manufacture or utilisation, and this topic is treated early on in the book in a chapter commissioned from an expert in the field of rheological measurements. Coverage of topics is extensive and this book offers a unique and rich selection of material including the flow of single phase and multiphase mixtures in pipes, in packed and fluidised bed systems, heat and mass transfer in boundary layers and in simple duct flows, and mixing etc.An important and novel feature of the book is the inclusion of a wide selection of worked examples to illustrate the methods of calculation. It also incorporates a large selection of problems for the reader to tackle himself.
Download or read book Investigation of Pressure and Temperature Gradient in Four phase Flow in a Complex Horizontal Pipeline written by Mohamed Abdalla Odan and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The oil and gas (O&G) industry uses multi-phase and multi-component pipeline flows to move product from one site to another or to different areas within the same site. In extreme environments, such as offshore or the Arctic, the development of four-phase flows in a complex pipeline can bring even more challenges to the project. Jumpers and bends need to be able to is to withstand pressure drops and hydrodynamic loads from internal multi-phase flows and the current, respectively. The study outlines the development of an experiment to investigate of pressure and temperature gradients in four-phase flows in a complex pipeline. Due to the excessive temperatures and pressures of the oil transport pipeline system, the main pipes include shorter pipes (bends and jumpers) that are attached to the manifold at the pipeline. These shorter pipes are used to enable expandability and prevent system failure. The present work examines the practicality of applying a system of four-phase, four-fluid flows for transporting a multi-phase flow (sand, water, gas, and oil) along a flow loop horizontal pipeline with many multiple bends and jumpers. This experimental set-up can be used for investigating a wide variety of multi-phase flow problems considered in the this research. As a means to precisely measure and predict the characteristics of thermo- and hydro-dynamic multi-component mixtures, models representing the multi-phase behavior and equilibrium phase are created and tested. Additionally, the study looks at heat transfer, mass, and momentum in both the flow and the pipeline walls, and offers equations to describe their interrelationships. Another focus of this research is to obtain a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) investigation of multi-phase flow phenomena in order to characterize the impact of pressure gradients and flow regimes due to various types of phase flow techniques used in the petroleum industry and in horizontal pipelines. The results of this thesis offer fundamental and practical guidance for the analysis and design of flow loop pipeline multi-phase flow systems and devices incorporating four-phase flows (sand, water, gas, and oil) through a flow loop pipeline. The novel results were obtained with carefully controlled flow loop pipeline and volume fractions, which show a significant impact on temperature and pressure drops. Dimensionless numbers in fluid mechanics and pressure drop results show good agreement with the experimental data. Further, the experimental and modeling approach of this thesis makes a unique contribution to the O&G field and to the design of transport pipelines for processing four-phase flows that include bends and jumpers.
Download or read book IMDC IST 2021 written by Abd-Alhameed Raed and published by European Alliance for Innovation. This book was released on 2022-01-26 with total page 1790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains the proceedings of the Second International Conference on Integrated Sciences and Technologies (IMDC-IST-2021). Where held on 7th–9th Sep 2021 in Sakarya, Turkey. This conference was organized by University of Bradford, UK and Southern Technical University, Iraq. The papers in this conference were collected in a proceedings book entitled: Proceedings of the second edition of the International Multi-Disciplinary Conference Theme: “Integrated Sciences and Technologies” (IMDC-IST-2021). The presentation of such a multi-discipline conference provides a lot of exciting insights and new understanding on recent issues in terms of Green Energy, Digital Health, Blended Learning, Big Data, Meta-material, Artificial-Intelligence powered applications, Cognitive Communications, Image Processing, Health Technologies, 5G Communications. Referring to the argument, this conference would serve as a valuable reference for future relevant research activities. The committee acknowledges that the success of this conference are closely intertwined by the contributions from various stakeholders. As being such, we would like to express our heartfelt appreciation to the keynote speakers, invited speakers, paper presenters, and participants for their enthusiastic support in joining the second edition of the International Multi-Disciplinary Conference Theme: “Integrated Sciences and Technologies” (IMDC-IST-2021). We are convinced that the contents of the study from various papers are not only encouraged productive discussion among presenters and participants but also motivate further research in the relevant subject. We appreciate for your enthusiasm to attend our conference and share your knowledge and experience. Your input was important in ensuring the success of our conference. Finally, we hope that this conference serves as a forum for learning in building togetherness and academic networks. Therefore, we expect to see you all at the next IMDC-IST.
Download or read book Optical Methods of Flow Investigation written by Yuri N. Dubnistchev and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 2006 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of SPIE present the original research papers presented at SPIE conferences and other high-quality conferences in the broad-ranging fields of optics and photonics. These books provide prompt access to the latest innovations in research and technology in their respective fields. Proceedings of SPIE are among the most cited references in patent literature.
Download or read book Practical Handbook of Material Flow Analysis written by Paul H. Brunner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first-ever book on this subject establishes a rigid, transparent and useful methodology for investigating the material metabolism of anthropogenic systems. Using Material Flow Analysis (MFA), the main sources, flows, stocks, and emissions of man-made and natural materials can be determined. By demonstrating the application of MFA, this book reveals how resources can be conserved and the environment protected within complex systems. The fourteen case studies presented exemplify the potential for MFA to contribute to sustainable materials management. Exercises throughout the book deepen comprehension and expertise. The authors have had success in applying MFA to various fields, and now promote the use of MFA so that future engineers and planners have a common method for solving resource-oriented problems.
Download or read book Wax Deposition written by Zhenyu Huang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wax Deposition: Experimental Characterizations, Theoretical Modeling, and Field Practices covers the entire spectrum of knowledge on wax deposition. The book delivers a detailed description of the thermodynamic and transport theories for wax deposition modeling as well as a comprehensive review of laboratory testing for the establishment of appropr
Download or read book Inquiry Into Operations of the United States Air Services written by United States. Congress. House. Select committee of inquiry into operations of the United States air services and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 1130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Characterization and Properties of Petroleum Fractions written by M. R. Riazi and published by ASTM International. This book was released on 2005 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last three chapters of this book deal with application of methods presented in previous chapters to estimate various thermodynamic, physical, and transport properties of petroleum fractions. In this chapter, various methods for prediction of physical and thermodynamic properties of pure hydrocarbons and their mixtures, petroleum fractions, crude oils, natural gases, and reservoir fluids are presented. As it was discussed in Chapters 5 and 6, properties of gases may be estimated more accurately than properties of liquids. Theoretical methods of Chapters 5 and 6 for estimation of thermophysical properties generally can be applied to both liquids and gases; however, more accurate properties can be predicted through empirical correlations particularly developed for liquids. When these correlations are developed with some theoretical basis, they are more accurate and have wider range of applications. In this chapter some of these semitheoretical correlations are presented. Methods presented in Chapters 5 and 6 can be used to estimate properties such as density, enthalpy, heat capacity, heat of vaporization, and vapor pressure. Characterization methods of Chapters 2-4 are used to determine the input parameters needed for various predictive methods. One important part of this chapter is prediction of vapor pressure that is needed for vapor-liquid equilibrium calculations of Chapter 9.
