Download or read book Invertebrate microbial Interactions written by J. M. Anderson and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Invertebrate microbial Interactions written by Michael M. Martin and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 1987-01-01 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arthropods that eat wood, foliage, and detritus have difficulty in digesting the cellulose in their food. A remarkable biological mechanism allows some species to overcome this problem: in eating fungal tissue they ingest cellulolytic enzymes that allow them to exploit the potential nutritive value of plant fiber. Michael M. Martin, a chemical ecologist, here describes his laboratory investigations that led to the discovery of this phenomenon and explores the insights they have produced. In his opening chapter he provided general background on the three major areas of his research: cellulose digestion in insects, insect-microbial interactions, and the biochemical bases for symbiosis. He devotes two chapters to the role of fungi in the nutrition of two groups of wood feeders, the fungus-frowing termites and the siricid woodwasps, insects involved in complex, highly coevolved mutualistic associations with fungi. In the next two chapters he discusses the importance of fungi in the dietes fo detritus feeders and in wood-feeding cerambycid beetles, insects involved casually with free-living fungi. He then concludes with a chapter on the fungus-growing ants, another group that exhibits a spectacular mutualism with fungi. Michael M. Martin is Professor of Biology at the University of Michigan, where he has held a joint appointment as Professor of Chemistry and Biology.
Download or read book Invertebrate Microbial Interactions written by J.M. edited by: Anderson (Rayner, A.D.M. & Walton, D.W.H.) and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Invertebrate microbial Interactions written by Michael M. Martin and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 1987 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arthropods that eat wood, foliage, and detritus have difficulty in digesting the cellulose in their food. A remarkable biological mechanism allows some species to overcome this problem: in eating fungal tissue they ingest cellulolytic enzymes that allow them to exploit the potential nutritive value of plant fiber. Michael M. Martin, a chemical ecologist, here describes his laboratory investigations that led to the discovery of this phenomenon and explores the insights they have produced. In his opening chapter he provided general background on the three major areas of his research: cellulose digestion in insects, insect-microbial interactions, and the biochemical bases for symbiosis. He devotes two chapters to the role of fungi in the nutrition of two groups of wood feeders, the fungus-frowing termites and the siricid woodwasps, insects involved in complex, highly coevolved mutualistic associations with fungi. In the next two chapters he discusses the importance of fungi in the dietes fo detritus feeders and in wood-feeding cerambycid beetles, insects involved casually with free-living fungi. He then concludes with a chapter on the fungus-growing ants, another group that exhibits a spectacular mutualism with fungi. Michael M. Martin is Professor of Biology at the University of Michigan, where he has held a joint appointment as Professor of Chemistry and Biology.
Download or read book The Ecology of Aquatic Hyphomycetes written by Felix Bärlocher and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aquatic hyphomycetes were discovered 50 years ago by C.T. Ingold. They remained a relatively obscure group until their role as intermediaries between deciduous leaves and stream invertebrates was established some 20 years ago. This book, for the first time, provides a comprehensive summary and critical evaluation of the biology and ecology of these organisms. Aspecial effort was made to evaluate the potential and actual insight that have been or will be derived from work in related disciplines such as the ecology of other fungal groups, stream ecology, or population ecology. The topics treated include the basic life history of the fungi and the potential role of wood, a discussion of how the fungi have adjusted to life in running water, their interactions with invertebrates, the attachment and germination of their spores, what is known about sexual reproduction, how water chemistry may influence their distribution and activity, how they react to human degradation of their environment, and a summary of the research done on the Indian subcontinent. The volume is of special interest to mycologists and stream ecologists and should facilitate the entry of new workers into this exciting area.
Download or read book Interaction between marine invertebrates and symbiotic microbes in a changing environment Community structure and ecological functions written by Jie Li and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-02-15 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Invertebrate Bacteriology written by Aurelio Ciancio and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-06 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This compendium reviews different processes acting on bacterial groups that evolved one or more relationships with members of the most important invertebrate Phyla. Starting from principles of basic bacteriology the book provides data on bacteria interactions with pests, animal or human diseases. Being present in all environments, from deep see to crops, animals or plants, invertebrates represent the most significant and ancient fraction of the eukaryotic biomass on earth. Their evolutive adaptations and links with bacteria, established over time scales of ages, range from vectored diseases to speciation, within a wide range of environmental niches and biocenosis, including oceanic hydrothermal vents. Main functional processes include pathogenicity, parasitism, transmission, immunity, symbiosis and speciation. A review about recent advances achieved in these research topics is given, focussing on one or more aspects concerning significant evolutive paths of bacteria and underlying functional links. Rather than proceeding through the order and structure of taxonomies, the volume is organized by processes, examining their functional role in different lineages, including but not limited to insects or nematodes. Processes involved in parasitism focus, at a finer level, on examples from many taxa. Molecular aspects underpinning these and other functional processes include the effects of horizontal gene transfer, the mechanisms active in immune defense and vectoring, and the antibacterial peptides. Finally, the effects of climate warming, biological invasions and agriculture are examined, with particular attention to farming and environment.
Download or read book Invertebrate Microbial Interactions written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Intestinal Microorganisms of Termites and Other Invertebrates written by Helmut König and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first work to focus on microbes in gut systems of soil animals. Beginning with an overview of the biology of soil invertebrates, the text turns to the gut microbiota of termites, which are important soil processors in tropical and subtropical regions. Coverage extends to intestinal microbiota of such other litter decomposers as earthworms, springtails, millipedes, and woodlice. Thoroughly illustrated, including color photographs.
Download or read book Environmental Microbiology Fundamentals and Applications written by Jean-Claude Bertrand and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-26 with total page 933 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a treatise on microbial ecology that covers traditional and cutting-edge issues in the ecology of microbes in the biosphere. It emphasizes on study tools, microbial taxonomy and the fundamentals of microbial activities and interactions within their communities and environment as well as on the related food web dynamics and biogeochemical cycling. The work exceeds the traditional domain of microbial ecology by revisiting the evolution of cellular prokaryotes and eukaryotes and stressing the general principles of ecology. The overview of the topics, authored by more than 80 specialists, is one of the broadest in the field of environmental microbiology. The overview of the topics, authored by more than 80 specialists, is one of the broadest in the field of environmental microbiology.
Download or read book Ecology of Invertebrate Diseases written by Ann E. Hajek and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-01-16 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A rapidly growing interdisciplinary field, disease ecology merges key ideas from ecology, medicine, genetics, immunology, and epidemiology to study how hosts and pathogens interact in populations, communities, and entire ecosystems. Bringing together contributions from leading international experts on the ecology of diseases among invertebrate species, this book provides a comprehensive assessment of the current state of the field. Beginning with an introductory overview of general principles and methodologies, the book continues with in-depth discussions of a range of critical issues concerning invertebrate disease epidemiology, molecular biology, vectors, and pathogens. Topics covered in detail include: Methods for studying the ecology of invertebrate diseases and pathogens Invertebrate pathogen ecology and the ecology of pathogen groups Applied ecology of invertebrate pathogens Leveraging the ecology of invertebrate pathogens in microbial control Prevention and management of infectious diseases of aquatic invertebrates Ecology of Invertebrate Diseases is a necessary and long overdue addition to the world literature on this vitally important subject. This volume belongs on the reference shelves of all those involved in the environmental sciences, genetics, microbiology, marine biology, immunology, epidemiology, fisheries and wildlife science, and related disciplines.
Download or read book Mechanisms Underlying Microbial Symbiosis written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-06-11 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insects engage in intimate associations with microbial symbionts that colonize their digestive systems or internal cells and tissues. The stability and near ubiquity of many of these "symbioses" implies their importance, a prediction supported through experimentation. With the advancing power of experimental methodologies and the growing accessibility of genomic techniques, insect science has reached a powerful new stage enabling the study of previously recalcitrant symbioses, including several with medical and agricultural significance. In this volume we publish a collection of chapters focused on the physiology of insect-microbe symbioses, emphasizing their mechanistic underpinnings, and the ecological and evolutionary causes and consequences of these interactions. Resident microbes modulate insect digestion, nutrition, detoxification, reproduction, interspecies signaling, and host-parasite interactions, and these chapters synthesize impactful, state-of-the art research on insect-microbe symbioses. Through discussions of the mechanisms that both stabilize and regulate these symbioses, these chapters yield further insight into the physiological integration between many insects and their influential microbial partners. A broad look at the wide range of symbiont roles and impacts throughout Insecta Molecular and genomic-assisted insights into the diversity and function of symbioses Insights into the influence and integration of symbionts from medically and agriculturally important insects
Download or read book Investigation of Interspecies Interactions Between Marine Invertebrate associated Bacteria written by Navid Adnani and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the discovery of new antibiotics from bacteria has declined. Genomic analyses suggest a plethora of untapped biosynthetic genes encoding secondary metabolites that remain silent under standard laboratory growth conditions. Approaches to coax silent biosynthetic genes into secondary metabolite production can reinvigorate antibiotic discovery from bacteria. In this dissertation, interspecies interactions between bacteria were investigated as a method to both isolate new secondary metabolites and to better understand how bacteria regulate biosynthesis. Interspecies interactions between marine invertebrate-associated bacteria were evaluated using an improved co-culture approach. Microscale fermentation followed by bioactivity-based and metabolomics-based comparative analyses provided a rapid and sensitive approach to evaluate hundreds of co-culture combinations simultaneously. Using this approach, a new antibiotic, keyicin, was produced in co-culture of a Micromonospora sp. and a Rhodococcus sp., but not in either monoculture. Combined genomic and proteomic approaches were used to further interrogate the interspecies interaction resulting in production of keyicin. A proposed biosynthetic gene cluster encoding keyicin was identified. Differential expression of proteins in co-culture versus monocultures were compared using proteomic analyses. Furthermore, an E. coli chemical genomics approach was used to identify genes, or gene networks, that were perturbed as a result of the interspecies interaction. Overall, these data exemplified that interspecies interactions can be utilized to induce secondary metabolite production. Deeper understanding of how interspecies interactions modulate biosynthesis could provide insight into biosynthetic regulation, allowing for a reinvigoration of antibiotic discovery
Download or read book The Influence of Invertebrate and Microbial Cross community Interactions on the Nitrate Removal Function in the Hyporheic Zone written by Jingmei Yao and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This PhD study aims to understand how the biodiversity influences the water purification processes in the hyporheic zone of running water, as an important regulating service that reduces the quantity of pollutants in freshwater ecosystems. Few studies have focused on how the invertebrate community influences the functioning of hyporheic zones, which are considered as a biogeochemical reactor that largely contributes to nutrient cycling capacity of the rivers. Nitrate retention or denitrification functions in hyporheic zones are used as indicators for the water purification service. The relationship between the nitrate removal function and its associated biodiversity was tested at different scales from indoor microcosms to in-stream reaches and the hyporheic habitat of a large river (Garonne) meander, under natural and stressful conditions. First, the linkage between invertebrates and the nitrate (NO3-) removal function was given in evidence in a series of infiltration columns that mimicked the riverbed conditions with its benthic communities. A gradient of community diversity was created with biofilm, meiofauna and macrofauna communities' combination in different treatments. It enabled to test the influence of the invertebrate community on the NO3- removal rates with and without pesticides during the Inbioprocess project. The results implied the influence of invertebrate and microbial cross-community interactions on NO3- removal rates, which was higher with invertebrate communities in the sediments (11.8 ± 1.2) than without (7.7 ± 1.4 mg N.l-1.d-1). These findings suggested a top-down control of invertebrates on the microbial activities. These interactions were also depicted at the source of the recovery of the NO3- removal capacity when facing stressful conditions due to addition of pesticide in the experimental water. These laboratory findings highlighted the importance of multi-trophic level interactions in the hyporheic habitat, with probable implication of the more resistant species in the resilience capacity of this system. The occurrence of the top-down linkage was then explored in in situ habitats. The NO3- removal rates measured at the reach scale in 9 European streams during the STREAMES project ranged from 0.04 to 10.75 with an average of 1.64 ± 2.39 mg NO3--N m-2.min-1 (Mean ± SE). The results suggested that not only physico-chemical and hydrological factors, but also macro-invertebrate assemblages may influence nitrate removal. Some functional groups positively correlated with nitrate reduction were biofilm grazers and interstitial organisms associated with macro-porous substrate. In the hyporheic water of Monbequi meander of the Garonne river, the positive correlation between invertebrate diversity and the potential denitrification rates was only visible during the autumn season, suggesting a potential "hot moment" for the observation of this correlation between biodiversity and ecosystem function in fields.
Download or read book Grassland Invertebrate Interactions Plant Productivity Resilience and Community Dynamics written by Ivan Hiltpold and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-10-13 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural and anthropogenic grasslands such as prairies, meadows, rangelands, and pastures cover more than 40% of the planet’s surface and provide a wealth of ecological services. Grasslands alone store one third of the global carbon stocks and grass roots, through their specific architectures, ensure water cycling and prevent the erosion of fertile topsoil. In addition, grasslands are of vital importance for human food production as vast areas of rangelands and pastures provide feed for livestock. Pastoral legumes mobilize atmospheric nitrogen and improve fertility of arable soils. Not least, grasslands are an essential genetic resource. The three major crop species that feed half of the global population have been bred from wild grasses. Ancestors of our contemporary turf cultivars, common components of urban landscapes and recreation spaces, originated from wild grasslands. Although natural and managed grasslands represent pivotal ecosystems, many aspects of how they function are poorly understood. To date, most attention has focused on grassland primary producers (i.e. forage plants) and mammalian grazers but invertebrates are likely to play an equally, if not more important role in grassland ecosystem functioning. In Australian pastures, for example, the biomass of root-feeding scarab beetles can often exceed that of sheep and plant damage caused by invertebrates is sometimes equivalent to an average dairy cow’s grass consumption. Indeed, grasslands are one of the most densely populated ecosystems with invertebrates being probably the most important engineers that shape both plant communities and the grassland as a whole. In a rapidly changing world with increasing anthropogenic pressure on grasslands, this Research Topic focuses on: 1. How grassland habitats shape invertebrate biodiversity 2. Impacts of climate change on grassland-invertebrate interactions 3. Plant and invertebrate pest monitoring and management 4. Plant-mediated multitrophic interactions and biological control in grasslands 5. Land use and grassland invertebrates 6. Plant resistance to invertebrate pests Given the increasing demand for food and land for human habitation, unprecedented threats to grasslands are anticipated. Resilient to some extent, these key ecosystems need to be better comprehended to guarantee their sustainable management and ecosystem services.
Download or read book Manipulative Tenants written by Einat Zchori-Fein and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-07-06 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the English edition of his landmark book Endosymbiosis of Animals with Plant Microorganisms (1965), Professor Paul Buchner, probably the most prominent founder of systematic symbiosis research, wrote:I too soon fell victim to the spell of this subject, and from 1911 on devoted myself to it. Almost half a century later, a growing number of ent
Download or read book Microbial Biodiversity written by P. Ponmurugan and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2020-03-18 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biodiversity is among the richest treasures of the earth. Despite their small size, microbes play a vital role in environmental monitoring and making the earth sustainable. Microorganisms preserve and assist plants and animals o either directly or indirectly, and, due to their omnipresence in nature, they inhabit conditions such as extreme temperatures, water, soil, salt, medical wastes, agricultural wastes, and air. Microbes are also important in human culture and play an essential role in existence of life. They are present in food fermentation, sewage treatment, medical, agricultural, and soil waste, antibiotics, soil fertility, model organisms, and human microbiota, aid with decomposition, and are responsible for infectious diseases. This volume represents an important contribution to the field, highlighting the importance of microbial biodiversity to society.
