Download or read book Invariance and Structural Dependence written by Jan Odelstad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a revised version of a doctoral thesis, submitted in mimeographed fonn to the Faculty of Arts, Uppsala University, 1988. It deals with the notions of struc tural dependence and independence, which are used in many applications of mathe matics to science. For instance, a physical law states that one physical aspect is structurally dependent on one or more other aspects. Structural dependence is closely related to the mathematical idea of functional dependence. However, struc tural dependence is primarily thought of as a relation holding between aspects rather than between their measures. In this book, the traditional way of treating aspects within measurement theory is modified. An aspect is not viewed as a set-theoretical structure but as a function which has sets as arguments and set-theoretical structures as values. This way of regarding aspects is illustrated with an application to social choice and group deci sion theory. Structural dependence is connected with the idea of concomitant variations and the mathematical notion of invariance. This implies that the study of this notion has roots going back to Mill's inductive logic, to Klein's Erlangen Program for geome try and to Padoa's method for proving the independence of symbols in formal logic.
Download or read book Invariance Properties of Dependence Measures written by Atiwat Kitvanitphasu and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Li gave a generalization of non-symmetric copula-based dependence measure, such as the Trutschnig\'s measure of dependence. A precise sufficient condition which makes Li\'s generalization a non-symmetric measure of dependence is given and proved rigorously. Supported by its non-symmetric dependence measure properties, we symmetrize the Li\'s non-symmetric measure of dependence and investigate its properties. Specifically, we analyze the key properties of dependence measures including well-defined property, abilities to detect independence and dependence at the two extreme values $0,1$ respectively, and invariance under the certain types of transformations. In particular, we find, via several examples, that a dependence measure possessing an ability to detect a larger class of dependences tends to be invariant under an accordingly large class of transformations. The probabilistic version of maximal information coefficient (MIC) is also proved to be a dependence measure. Lastly, we show that there does not exist a dependence measure which is both invariant under strictly monotonic transformations and able to catch complete dependence.
Download or read book Scale Invariance written by Richard N. Henriksen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-04-23 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing the concepts of dimensional analysis, self-similarity, and fractal dimensions together in a logical and self-contained manner, this book reveals the close links between modern theoretical physics and applied mathematics. The author focuses on the classic applications of self-similar solutions within astrophysical systems, with some general theory of self-similar solutions, so as to provide a framework for researchers to apply the principles across all scientific disciplines. He discusses recent advances in theoretical techniques of scaling while presenting a uniform technique that encompasses these developments, as well as applications to almost any branch of quantitative science. The result is an invaluable reference for active scientists, featuring examples of dimensions and scaling in condensed matter physics, astrophysics, fluid mechanics, and general relativity, as well as in mathematics and engineering.
Download or read book Measurement Invariance written by Rens Van De Schoot and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2015-10-05 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Multi-item surveys are frequently used to study scores on latent factors, like human values, attitudes and behavior. Such studies often include a comparison, between specific groups of individuals, either at one or multiple points in time. If such latent factor means are to be meaningfully compared, the measurement structures including the latent factor and their survey items should be stable across groups and/or over time, that is ‘invariant’. Recent developments in statistics have provided new analytical tools for assessing measurement invariance (MI). The aim of this special issue is to provide a forum for a discussion of MI, covering some crucial ‘themes’: (1) ways to assess and deal with measurement non-invariance; (2) Bayesian and IRT methods employing the concept of approximate measurement invariance; and (3) new or adjusted approaches for testing MI to fit increasingly complex statistical models and specific characteristics of survey data. The special issue started with a kick-off meeting where all potential contributors shared ideas on potential papers. This expert workshop was organized at Utrecht University in The Netherlands and was funded by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO-VENI-451-11-008). After the kick-off meeting the authors submitted their papers, all of which were reviewed by experts in the field. The papers in the eBook are listed in alphabetical order, but in the editorial the papers are introduced thematically. Although it is impossible to cover all areas of relevant research in the field of MI, papers in this eBook provide insight on important aspects of measurement invariance. We hope that the discussions included in this special issue will stimulate further research on MI and facilitate further discussions to support the understanding of the role of MI in multi-item surveys.
Download or read book The Oxford Handbook of Quantitative Methods in Psychology Vol 1 written by Todd D. Little and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-21 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oxford Handbook of Quantitative Methods in Psychology provides an accessible and comprehensive review of the current state-of-the-science and a one-stop source for learning and reviewing current best-practices in a quantitative methods across the social, behavioral, and educational sciences.
Download or read book Gauge Invariance and Weyl polymer Quantization written by Franco Strocchi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-12 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book gives an introduction to Weyl non-regular quantization suitable for the description of physically interesting quantum systems, where the traditional Dirac-Heisenberg quantization is not applicable. The latter implicitly assumes that the canonical variables describe observables, entailing necessarily the regularity of their exponentials (Weyl operators). However, in physically interesting cases -- typically in the presence of a gauge symmetry -- non-observable canonical variables are introduced for the description of the states, namely of the relevant representations of the observable algebra. In general, a gauge invariant ground state defines a non-regular representation of the gauge dependent Weyl operators, providing a mathematically consistent treatment of familiar quantum systems -- such as the electron in a periodic potential (Bloch electron), the Quantum Hall electron, or the quantum particle on a circle -- where the gauge transformations are, respectively, the lattice translations, the magnetic translations and the rotations of 2π. Relevant examples are also provided by quantum gauge field theory models, in particular by the temporal gauge of Quantum Electrodynamics, avoiding the conflict between the Gauss law constraint and the Dirac-Heisenberg canonical quantization. The same applies to Quantum Chromodynamics, where the non-regular quantization of the temporal gauge provides a simple solution of the U(1) problem and a simple link between the vacuum structure and the topology of the gauge group. Last but not least, Weyl non-regular quantization is briefly discussed from the perspective of the so-called polymer representations proposed for Loop Quantum Gravity in connection with diffeomorphism invariant vacuum states.
Download or read book Issues in Addiction and Eating Disorders 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 1439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Addiction and Eating Disorders / 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Gambling Research. The editors have built Issues in Addiction and Eating Disorders: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Gambling Research in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Addiction and Eating Disorders: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book String Quantum Gravity And Physics At The Planck Energy Scale International Workshop On Theoretical Physics written by Antonino Zichichi and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1993-06-30 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers in this volume provide an updated status of the last developments and current problems in string theory in connection with gravity and the physics at the Planck scale. This volume also contains excellent discussions on fundamental problems of quantum gravity and the physics at the Planck energy scale in the present-day context, irrespective of strings or any other models.
Download or read book The Structure of the World written by Steven French and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2014 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Steven French articulates and defends the bold claim that there are no objects in the world. He draws on metaphysics and philosophy of science to argue for structural realism—the position that we live in a world of structures—and defends a form of eliminativism about objects that sets laws and symmetry principles at the heart of ontology.
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 964 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Scale Invariance and Beyond written by B. Dubrulle and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an excellent introduction to the concept of scale invariance, which is a growing field of research with wide applications. It describes where and how symmetry under scale transformation (and its various forms of partial breakdown) can be used to analyze solutions of a problem without the need to explicitly solve it. The first part gives descriptions of tools and concepts; the second is devoted to recent attempts to go beyond the invariance or symmetry breaking, to discuss causes and consequences, and to extract useful information about the system. Examples are carefully worked out in fields as diverse as condensed matter physics, population dynamics, earthquake physics, turbulence, cosmology and finance.
Download or read book Assessing Student Learning Outcomes in Higher Education written by Hamish Coates and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-07 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines important advances and offers a realistic image of the state of the art in student learning outcomes assessment in higher education—a field close to the core of nearly every higher education institution. Producing sound information on what students know and can do is critical to higher education practitioners and future social prosperity. Spanning international, national and institutional developments, the book presents methodological and empirical insights, highlights research challenges, and showcases the enormous progress made in recent years. The book will be of interest to researchers in education assessment and neighbouring fields, and stakeholders like institutional leaders, teachers and graduate employers looking for better insight on returns, governments searching for information to assist with funding and regulation, and members of the public wanting more clarity about outcomes and public investment. This book was originally published as a special issue of Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education.
Download or read book Conformal Invariance and String Theory written by Petre Dita and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conformal Invariance and String Theory is an account of the series of lectures held in Summer School regarding Conformal Invariance and String Theory in September 1987. The purpose of the lectures is to present the important problems and results in these two areas of theoretical physics. The text is divided into two major parts. Part I deals with implications of conformal invariance in studying two-dimensional systems. Part II meanwhile presents lectures regarding the advances in string theory and other related topics.Also included in the text is a part dedicated to the topic of determinants. This topic is discussed in two parts; the first focuses on the determinants in the finite dimensional case, while the second talks about Fredholm determinants. The book is a helpful source of reference to students and researchers in the field of physics, specifically quantum and theoretical.
Download or read book An Invariant Based Approach to Second Language Acquisition written by Orlova, Elena and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2019-03-15 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The challenge to improve second language acquisition efficiency has always been at the heart of education because a good command of a language provides new opportunities to manipulate information and apply acquired knowledge and skills to novel problems in new situations. Thus, there is a necessity for creating an alternative to either task-based or form-focused methods commonly employed in todays instruction. An Invariant-Based Approach to Second Language Acquisition: Emerging Research and Opportunities is an essential reference source that elaborates on traditional 2L concepts and terms and provides new practical tools and mechanisms for developing student communicative competencies. Featuring research on topics such as syllabus design, language interpretation, and speech types, this book is ideally designed for educators, administrators, researchers, and academicians.
Download or read book ERDA Energy Research Abstracts written by United States. Energy Research and Development Administration and published by . This book was released on with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physical Systems written by Ori Belkind and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-02-02 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the concept of a physical system, this book offers a new philosophical interpretation of classical mechanics and the Special Theory of Relativity. According to Belkind’s view the role of physical theory is to describe the motions of the parts of a physical system in relation to the motions of the whole. This approach provides a new perspective into the foundations of physical theory, where motions of parts and wholes of physical systems are taken to be fundamental, prior to spacetime, material properties and laws of motion. He defends this claim with a constructive project, deriving basic aspects of classical theories from the motions of parts and wholes. This exciting project will challenge readers to reevaluate how they understand the structure of the physical world in which we live.
Download or read book On Overlapping Generations Models with Productive Capital written by Günther Lang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was born out of a five-years research at Sonderforschungsbe reich 303 by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) at Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universitiit Bonn and was approved as my doctoral thesis by the Rechts-und Staatswissenschaftliche Fakultiit in December 1994. It was my former colleague Wolfgang Peters who had drawn my atten tion to overlapping-generations models and to problems of intergenerational efficiency and distribution. The subtle connection between the latter two has been fascinating me from the very beginning: redistribution of the results of free trade can become necessary from the point of view of efficiency, although no externalities hamper the development of an economy. In spite of being a matured part of economics, neoclassical growth theory had left many questions unsolved, some of them even unrecognized by a large part of our profession. I took up the challenge to contribute to the investigation of some of these thorny problems. One of these issues is the often quoted idea of the inter generational con tract. Although intergenerational transfers can improve intertemporal effi ciency, the design of pension schemes to achieve an improvement of well-being of some generations without hurting that of any other, is not an easy task in an economy with flexible prices. Quite frequently, only interest rate and growth rate are taken into account when deciding on whether a generation wins or looses.
