Download or read book Interregional Resource Transfer and Economic Growth in Indonesia written by Toshihiko Kawagoe and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: February 1998 Rapid economic growth in Indonesia starting in the 1970s was fueled by market-based resource transfers, which helped modernize regional economies, creating the driving force for industrialization; and more welfare-oriented, government-based resource transfers, or development spending, which favored the poorer outer islands. In 1970, Indonesia was a poor agricultural state, with a per capita GNP of only US$80-the lowest among Asian economies and substantially lower than such African countries as Kenya and Ghana. Agriculture-with about 50 percent of GDP and 66 percent of the labor force- the dominant sector. In the 1970s, however, Indonesia showed rapid economic growth (5 percent a year). Softened world oil markets brought a slowdown in growth in the early 1980s, but growth recovered and per capita GNP in 1994 was US$880, comparable with the Philippines and substantially higher than many South Asian and African countries. Agriculture had only a 22 percent share of GDP; industry, 41 percent; and services, 42 percent. But Indonesia is enormously diverse and some parts of it did much better economically than others. As the country's economy grew, market-based resource transfers helped modernize regional economies, creating the driving force for industrialization. By contrast, government-based resource transfers, in the form of development spending, were more welfare-oriented, favoring the poorer outer islands (and did not contribute to industrialization). In other words, economic growth was sustained by two driving forces, government- and market-based transfers, which complemented each other. The oil boom was a bonanza, producing new fiscal revenue, a luxury only oil-exporting countries could enjoy. It is not always a ticket to successful industrialization, as the tragic experiences of such oil-exporting economies as Mexico show. This paper-a product of the Development Research Group-is part of a Japanese research project on the political economy of rural development strategies.
Download or read book Interregional Resource Transfer and Economic Growth in Indonesia written by Toshihiko Kawagoe and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rapid economic growth in Indonesia starting in the 1970s was fueled by market-based resource transfers, which helped modernize regional economies, creating the driving force for industrialization; and more welfare-oriented, government-based resource transfers, or development spending, which favored the poorer outer islands.In 1970, Indonesia was a poor agricultural state, with a per capita GNP of only US$80 - the lowest among Asian economies and substantially lower than such African countries as Kenya and Ghana. Agriculture - with about 50 percent of GDP and 66 percent of the labor force - the dominant sector. In the 1970s, however, Indonesia showed rapid economic growth (5 percent a year). Softened world oil markets brought a slowdown in growth in the early 1980s, but growth recovered and per capita GNP in 1994 was US$880, comparable with the Philippines and substantially higher than many South Asian and African countries. Agriculture had only a 22 percent share of GDP; industry, 41 percent; and services, 42 percent.But Indonesia is enormously diverse and some parts of it did much better economically than others. As the country's economy grew, market-based resource transfers helped modernize regional economies, creating the driving force for industrialization. By contrast, government-based resource transfers, in the form of development spending, were more welfare-oriented, favoring the poorer outer islands (and did not contribute to industrialization).In other words, economic growth was sustained by two driving forces, government- and market-based transfers, which complemented each other. The oil boom was a bonanza, producing new fiscal revenue, a luxury only oil-exporting countries could enjoy. It is not always a ticket to successful industrialization, as the tragic experiences of such oil-exporting economies as Mexico show.This paper - a product of the Development Research Group - is part of a Japanese research project on the political economy of rural development strategies.
Download or read book Diagnosing the Indonesian Economy written by Hal Hill and published by Anthem Press. This book was released on 2012-02-01 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘Diagnosing the Indonesian Economy: Toward Inclusive and Green Growth’ discusses the critical constrains to inclusive economic growth in Indonesia. The volume includes a broad overview of Indonesia’s development since the 1960s, and features an analytic framework for the study that aims to identify the most binding constraints. The chapters analyze macroeconomic management since the Asian financial crisis; the status of Indonesia’s industrial transformation; the challenges pertaining to Indonesia’s infrastructure; the situation of human capital and employment; the record on poverty reduction; the impact and status of the decentralization effort; and the challenges attendant to the country’s environment and natural resources.
Download or read book Indonesia s Sustainable Development in a Decentralization Era written by Indonesian Regional Science Association. International Conference and published by Irsa. This book was released on 2002 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Internal Geography of Trade written by Thomas Farole and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2013-05-03 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic theory, including endogenous growth, the role of institutions, and, most importantly, the New Economic Geography (NEG), have made significant progress in explaining the emergence of core-periphery patterns behind this divergence. They point to the critical role of agglomeration, which confers benefits to metropolitan cores that have the advantages of large markets, deep labor pools, links to international markets, and clusters of diverse suppliers and institutions. Regions relatively near the metropolitan core are likely to benefit from spillovers and congestion-related dispersion. Regions further outside the core however, are not only less able to take advantage of spillovers, but also more likely to be far removed from key infrastructural, institutional, and interpersonal links to regional and international markets. As a result, they face significant challenges to becoming competitive locations to host economic activity. Thus the geographical pattern of core and peripheral regions is increasingly manifest in an economic pattern of 'leading' and 'lagging' regions.
Download or read book Indonesia Business Opportunities in a Resource Rich Economy written by Business International Asia/Pacific Ltd and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Economics and Politics of Oil in the Caspian Basin written by Boris Najman and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-09-12 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil in the Caspian Basin : facts and figures / Gael Raballand and Regis Gente -- The impact of oil revenues on economic performance : analytical issues / Michael Lewin -- Nominal and real exchange rates in Kazakhstan : any sign of the Dutch disease? / Balazs Egert and Carol Leonard -- Resource revenues and fiscal sustainability in Kazakhstan / Peter Lohmus and Anna Ter Martirosyan -- Fiscal decentralization in centralized states : Central Asian patterns / Natalie Leschenko and Manuela Troschke -- Redistribution of oil revenues in Kazakhstan / Boris Najman.[et al.] -- Whither oil money? Redistribution of oil revenues in Azerbaijan / Matthias Luecke and Natalia Trofimenko -- Improving the beneficial socio-economic impact of hydrocarbon extraction on local/regional development in Caspian economies / Richard Auty -- Tengiz crude : a view from below / Saulesh Yessenova -- Conclusions.
Download or read book Innovate Indonesia written by Asian Development Bank and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2020-03-01 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New technologies present governments with opportunities and challenges in a range of key policy areas such as employment, competitiveness, equity, and sustainability. A consensus is that the national government can play an important role in stimulating innovation. This report explores policy options to facilitate Indonesia's technological transformation and unlock its economic growth potential.
Download or read book Energy Access Poverty and Development written by Benjamin K. Sovacool and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book showcases how small-scale renewable energy technologies such as solar panels, cookstoves, biogas digesters, microhydro units, and wind turbines are helping Asia respond to a daunting set of energy governance challenges. Using extensive original research this book offers a compendium of the most interesting renewable energy case studies over the last ten years from one of the most diverse regions in the world. Through an in-depth exploration of case studies in Bangladesh, China, India, Laos, Indonesia, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, and Sri Lanka, the authors highlight the applicability of different approaches and technologies and illuminates how household and commercial innovations occur (or fail to occur) within particular energy governance regimes. It also, uniquely, explores successful case studies alongside failures or "worst practice" examples that are often just as revealing as those that met their targets. Based on these successes and failures, the book presents twelve salient lessons for policymakers and practitioners wishing to expand energy access and raise standards of living in some of the world's poorest communities. It also develops an innovative framework consisting of 42 distinct factors that explain why some energy development interventions accomplish all of their goals while others languish to achieve any.
Download or read book International Labour Documentation written by International Labour Office. Central Library and Documentation Branch and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 854 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Rural Development and Agricultural Growth in Indonesia the Philippines and Thailand written by Takamasa Akiyama and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focuses on economic growth in the agricultural sectors of Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand. The agricultural sectors of these economies have diverged considerably over the last 40 years. The volume investigates the ways in which policy, institutions, investments and resource constraints have driven this divergence.
Download or read book Policy Research Working Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Contents of Recent Economics Journals written by and published by . This book was released on 1998-12-31 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Indonesia written by Edimon Ginting and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2018-02-01 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book focuses on Indonesia's most pressing labor market challenges and associated policy options to achieve higher and more inclusive economic growth. The challenges consist of creating jobs for and the skills in a youthful and increasingly better educated workforce, and raising the productivity of less-educated workers to meet the demands of the digital age. The book deals with a range of interrelated topics---the changing supply and demand for labor in relation to the shift of workers out of agriculture; urbanization and the growth of megacities; raising the quality of schooling for new jobs in the digital economy; and labor market policies to improve both labor standards and productivity.
Download or read book Index to International Statistics written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book BF Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Regional Disparities in Indonesia written by Tetsuro Takeda and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
