Download or read book Internal Migration and Environmental Quality in the United States written by Lori Mae Hunter and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Internal Migration in the United States written by Raven S. Molloy and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011-08 with total page 47 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report reviews patterns in migration within the U.S. over the past thirty years. Internal migration has fallen noticeably since the 1980s, reversing increases from earlier in the century. The decline in migration has been widespread across demographic and socioeconomic groups, as well as for moves of all distances. Although a convincing explanation for the secular decline in migration remains elusive and requires further research, the authors find only limited roles for the housing market contraction and the economic recession in reducing migration recently. Despite its downward trend, migration within the U.S. remains higher than that within most other developed countries. Charts and tables. This is a print on demand report.

Download or read book Environmental Migration in the United States written by Shuai Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental change and its impacts on population migration have become a growing concern in the era of global climate change. Previous environmental migration literature focused primarily on how rapid-onset environmental disasters influence migration in the developing world. The impacts of slow-onset environmental change and variability, such as changes in precipitation and temperature in developed settings, have not been fully documented. In this dissertation, I linked migration data with environmental factors from 1970 to 2020 in the contiguous United States and employed multivariate, spatial, and multilevel methods to explore the environmental dimensions of migration and their heterogeneous effects in affecting migration patterns across rural-urban areas and by different age groups. This dissertation consists of three empirical studies. In the first empirical study, using data from migration estimates (including net migration, in-migration, and out-migration), climate datasets, and decennial censuses, I explored how environmental change and variability affects county-level migration in the U.S. from 1970 to 2010, using county and decade fixed-effects models. I also conducted analyses to investigate the heterogeneous environmental impacts on migration across the rural-urban dichotomy and by age groups. I found that environmental factors, particularly climatic anomalies and their interactions with long-term climatic conditions, affected migration while controlling for other conventional sociodemographic factors known to affect migration. Also, I found that slow-onset environmental change and variability had a greater impact on rural areas, resulting in more rapid out-migration compared to urban areas. In addition, age matters in the environmental migration processes, with the older generation (65+ years old) being more responsive to environmental change and variability than the younger generation (15-64 years old) whose migrations were primarily fueled by work opportunities and economic well-being. In the second empirical study, I explored the spatial dimensions of environmental migration in the U.S. Previous studies on environmental impacts on migration in the U.S. have either focused on natural amenities attracting in-migrants or analyzed data at regional or crude geographic levels. Moreover, previous studies lacked analyses of how environmental factors affect the migratory responses of different age groups. Through geo-referencing county-level net migration data from 1970 to 2010 and linking them to sociodemographic characteristics at the county level, I conducted exploratory spatial data analysis to demonstrate the spatial dimensions of migration. The results showed that migrations were spatially clustered in eastern and western coastal regions and counties in the south-eastern areas of the U.S. Migration measures, along with county-level environmental and sociodemographic characteristics, are all spatially autocorrelated, making it necessary to account for such spatial effects when modeling the environment-migration relationship. Accordingly, I applied spatial lag and spatial error models to re-evaluate environmental impacts on migration. The results from the spatial models resonated with the results that used aspatial models, providing sound evidence of environmental impacts on internal migration in the U.S. As mentioned previously, many environmental migration studies, especially those in the U.S., have focused on rapid-onset environmental disasters while paying less attention to the impacts of slow-onset environmental change and variability. In the meantime, from a methodological perspective, there existed limited empirical studies using multilevel methods in the environmental migration literature. Arguably, migration is a social process that occurs in multiple contexts including micro-, meso-, and macro-level social structures--therefore requiring a multilevel approach to account for the hierarchy in the data and to explore level-specific effects in migration decision-making. To fill this knowledge gap, I combined microdata with aggregated data to explore individuals' migratory responses to environmental change and variability while controlling for geographic level-specific effects. Specifically, I linked individuals' migration status to their environmental exposure (i.e., precipitation, temperature, natural amenities, and air quality) and county-level sociodemographic characteristics in the previous year and employed two-level logistic regressions to investigate migratory responses of those individuals to environmental change and variability while controlling for sociodemographic characteristics known to affect migration. I found that socially advantaged populations, such as younger, wealthier, non-Hispanic white, and highly educated individuals, were more likely to migrate under environmental pressures, while disadvantaged groups, such as minorities, were less mobile when facing environmental change and variability. Environmental effects also occurred through interacting with county-level sociodemographic factors; in particular, people (especially the younger generation) tended to move to places with environmental amenities and affordable living costs. The multilevel analyses, again, confirmed the overall environmental effects on migration processes and their heterogeneous impacts across the younger and older generations. The findings and discussion presented in this dissertation attest to the environmental effects of migration in the United States and explore the heterogeneity of environmental impacts across places and age groups. The findings could provide insights into planning for environment-induced migration in the near future. Addressing environmental migration issues and mediating their adverse impacts on affected populations require a multifaceted approach that encompasses several factors, including the provision of basic infrastructure such as irrigation systems to maintain sustainable livelihoods, economic development to increase financial capabilities and offset environmental impacts, and effective disaster management to mitigate the effects of natural disasters. Likewise, environmental factors impose varying impacts on migration across places and by demographic groups; policies aiming to tackle environmental migration or relocation should be place- and demographic-specific to address these varying challenges from environmental change.

Download or read book Migration Environment and Climate Change written by Frank Laczko and published by UN. This book was released on 2009 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gradual and sudden environmental changes are resulting in substantial human movement and displacement, and the scale of such flows, both internal and cross-border, is expected to rise with unprecedented impacts on lives and livelihoods. Despite the potential challenge, there has been a lack of strategic thinking about this policy area partly due to a lack of data and empirical research on this topic. Adequately planning for and managing environmentallyinduced migration will be critical for human security. The papers in this volume were first presented at the Research Workshop on Migration and the Environment: Developing a Global Research Agenda held in Munich, Germany in April 2008. One of the key objectives on the Munich workshop was to address the need for more sound empirical research and identify priority areas of research for policy makers in the field of migration and the environment.

Download or read book Internal Migration population Changes in the United States to the 21st Century written by United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee. Subcommittee on Economic Resources, Competitiveness, and Security Economics and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Atlas of Environmental Migration written by Dina Ionesco and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As climate change and extreme weather events increasingly threaten traditional landscapes and livelihoods of entire communities the need to study its impact on human migration and population displacement has never been greater. The Atlas of Environmental Migration is the first illustrated publication mapping this complex phenomenon. It clarifies terminology and concepts, draws a typology of migration related to environment and climate change, describes the multiple factors at play, explains the challenges, and highlights the opportunities related to this phenomenon. Through elaborate maps, diagrams, illustrations, case studies from all over the world based on the most updated international research findings, the Atlas guides the reader from the roots of environmental migration through to governance. In addition to the primary audience of students and scholars of environment studies, climate change, geography and migration it will also be of interest to researchers and students in politics, economics and international relations departments.

Download or read book International Handbook of Population and Environment written by Lori M. Hunter and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-03-11 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook presents a timely and comprehensive overview of theory, data, methods and research findings that connect human population dynamics and environmental context. It presents regional summaries of empirical findings on migration and environmental connections and summarizes environmental impacts of migration – such as urbanization and deforestation. It also offers background on the health implications of environmental conditions such as climate change, natural disasters, scarcity of natural resources, as well as on resource scarcity and fertility, gender considerations in population and environment, and the connections between population size, growth, composition and carbon emissions. This handbook helps readers to better understand the complexities within population-environment connections, in addition to some of the opportunities and challenges within environmental demography. As such this collection is an invaluable resource for students, researchers, and policy analysts in the areas of demography, migration, fertility, health and mortality, as well as environmental, global and development studies.

Download or read book Disentangling Migration and Climate Change written by Thomas Faist and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-14 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses environmental and climate change induced migration from the vantage point of migration studies, offering a broad spectrum of approaches for considering the environment/climate/migration nexus. Research on the subject is still frequently narrowed down to climate change vulnerability and the environmental push factor. The book establishes the interconnections between societal and environmental vulnerability, and migration and capability, allowing appreciation of migration in the frame of climate as a case of spatial and social mobility, that is, as a strategy of persons and groups to deal with a grossly unequal distribution of life chances across the world. In their introduction, the editors fan out the current debate and state the need to transcend predominantly policy-oriented approaches to migration. The first section of the volume focuses on “Methodologies and Methods” and presents very distinct approaches to think climate induced migration. Subsequent chapters explore the sensitivity of existing migration flows to climate change in Ghana and Bangladesh, the complex relationship between migration, demographic change and coping capacities in Canada, methodological challenges of a household survey on the significance of migration and remittances for adaptation in the Hindu Kush region and an econometric study of the aftermath of the 1998 floods in Bangladesh. The second part, “Areas of Concern: Politics and Human Rights”, deepens the analysis of discourses as well as of the implications of proposed and implemented policies. Contributors discuss such topics as environmental migration as a multi-causal problem, climate migration as a consequence in an alarmist discourse and climate migration as a solution. A study of an integrated relocation program in Papua New Guinea is followed by chapters on the promise and the flaws of planned relocation policy, global policy on protection of environmental migrants including both internally displaced peoples and those who cross international borders. A concluding chapter places human agency at centre stage and explores the interplay between human rights, capability and migration.

Download or read book The Worst Hard Time written by Timothy Egan and published by HarperCollins. This book was released on 2006-09-01 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a tour de force of historical reportage, Timothy Egan’s National Book Award–winning story rescues an iconic chapter of American history from the shadows. The dust storms that terrorized the High Plains in the darkest years of the Depression were like nothing ever seen before or since. Following a dozen families and their communities through the rise and fall of the region, Timothy Egan tells of their desperate attempts to carry on through blinding black dust blizzards, crop failure, and the death of loved ones. Brilliantly capturing the terrifying drama of catastrophe, he does equal justice to the human characters who become his heroes, “the stoic, long-suffering men and women whose lives he opens up with urgency and respect” (New York Times). In an era that promises ever-greater natural disasters, The Worst Hard Time is “arguably the best nonfiction book yet” (Austin Statesman Journal) on the greatest environmental disaster ever to be visited upon our land and a powerful reminder about the dangers of trifling with nature. This e-book includes a sample chapter of THE IMMORTAL IRISHMAN.

Download or read book Three Essays on Household Location Choice and Internal Migration in the United States written by Deshamithra Jayasekera and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous research has found that weather disasters contribute to significant social changes in cities exposed to severe weather. Severe weather-led social change is affected by non-random exposure to weather disasters and unequal recovery. In Chapter 2, I combine several strands of literature to explain how such social changes take place in American commuting zones using a structural equilibrium sorting model. An equilibrium sorting model can describe how households make decisions about where to live and compare the amenity-prices trade-off between different groups of households. I use three census years of household-level data from 1990-2010 to find household valuations of location-specific environmental amenities such as severe weather exposure. I allow for heterogeneous outcomes based on level of education and mobility behavior. I find that college-educated workers are willing to pay more to avoid an additional weather disaster and value location-specific amenities more compared to non-college-educated workers, and non-college-educated workers value real income gains more than college-educated households do. Non-college educated workers value safety from weather disasters too. However, their marginal willingness to pay for it is significantly lower than their college-educated colleagues. This vast difference in marginal willingness to pay indicates that non-college-educated workers are more likely to be exposed to severe weather and face difficulties recovering from damages. The latest demography and economics literature on internal migration in the United States has raised concerns over the decline in mobility rates. While the decline is not rapid and not remarkable from a historical perspective, in the short-run the trend in mobility has been downward sloping for at least three consecutive decades. Seminal papers focusing on this decline have shown that the household mobility downturn is directly related to the labor market, and pointed to health insurance, technological advancements, and a homogeneous labor market as possible reasons. In Chapter 3, I focus on internal mobility in the United States and how it has been affected by household health insurance needs. I study a sample of heads-of-households with employer-based health insurance that is working full-time and provide health insurance coverage to their young-adult children. My findings suggest that despite efforts to increase its portability, health insurance still affects household mobility decisions. More specifically I show that Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, while improving access to healthcare for young adults may have inadvertently created a mobility-lock for their parents. I show using a difference-in-difference analysis that employer-based health insurance can have mobility constraints for households who value health insurance. I propose a unique identification strategy using the timings of the young adult and employer mandates of the Affordable Care Act to establish the causal effect of health insurance on long-distance mobility. I propose several robustness scenarios that further establish my thesis. I take up the issue of internal migration of working households in the United States and flexible work arrangements in Chapter 4. Alongside declining long-distance mobility rates two other trends in internal migration have been evident in recent years; an increase in return-migration of households and increasing immobility. Before now, most literature on immobility and return-migration had taken the stance that it is a response to higher moving costs (psychological moving costs), increasing childcare costs, and the need for security that has made households re-turn to their kith-and-kin. However, return-migration data show that it is not traditionally vulnerable groups that frequently move back to their birth states. With this background I seek to answer the question- does attachment to one's birth state contribute to return-migration and subsequent immobility? I answer this question using a sample of full-time workers employed in occupations that can be done remotely. With the main indicator variable that divides remote-workers and non- remote-workers, I show that when employment is not attached to the "workplace" households choose to move back to their birth states. This paper contributes to the literature on immobility where I show immobility is increasingly becoming voluntary and how that might affect interstate mobility in the United States at a time when work-from-home is becoming the norm. This work is descriptive. However, by carefully selecting the sample of workers and by using coefficient stability tests I am able to make somewhat reasonable causality claims.

Download or read book Economic and Social Implications of Internal Migration in the United States written by Conrad Taeuber and published by . This book was released on with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Organizational Perspectives on Environmental Migration written by Kerstin Rosenow-Williams and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-16 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade, international organizations (IOs) and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have increasingly focused their efforts on the plight of environmental migrants in both industrialized and developing countries. However, to date very few studies have analysed the influence and rhetoric of advocacy groups in the debates on environmental migration. Organizational Perspectives on Environmental Migration fills this lacuna by drawing together and examining the related themes of climate change and environmental degradation, migration and organizational studies to provide a fresh perspective on their increasing relevance. In order to assess the role of IOs and NGOs in the environmental migration discourse and to understand their interaction and their ways of addressing the topic, the book contains a wide-range of contributions covering the perspectives of organizational sociologists, political scientists, anthropologists, geographers, lawyers and practitioners. The chapters are organized thematically around the perspectives of key actors in the area of environmental migration, including IOs, courts and advocacy groups. The geographically diverse and interdisciplinary range of contributions makes this volume an essential foundational text for organizational responses to environmental migration. This volume will be of great interest to students and scholars of migration studies, international relations, organizational sociology, refugee law and policy, and development studies.

Download or read book Self selection and internal migration in the United States written by George J. Borjas and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Urban Planning and Policies written by Chiranji Singh Yadav and published by Concept Publishing Company. This book was released on 1987 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Internal Migration in the United States written by Andrew M. Isserman and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Economics of Immigration written by Örn B. Bodvarsson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-05-17 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Economics of Immigration is written as a both a reference for researchers and as a textbook on the economics of immigration. It is aimed at two audiences: (1) researchers who are interested in learning more about how economists approach the study of human migration flows; and (2) graduate students taking a course on migration or a labor economics course where immigration is one of the subfields studied. The book covers the economic theory of immigration, which explains why people move across borders and details the consequences of such movements for the source and destination economies. The book also describes immigration policy, providing both a history of immigration policy in a variety of countries and using the economic theory of immigration to explain the determinants and consequences of the policies. The timing of this book coincides with the emergence of immigration as a major political and economic issue in the USA, Japan Europe and many developing countries.

Download or read book Internal Migration population Changes in the United States to the 21st Century written by United States. Congress. Joint Economic Committee and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: