Download or read book Intermittent Hypoxia and Human Diseases written by Lei Xi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-05 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermittent hypoxia can cause significant structural and functional impact on the systemic, organic, cellular and molecular processes of human physiology and pathophysiology. This book focuses on the most updated scientific understanding of the adaptive (beneficial) and maladaptive (detrimental) responses to intermittent hypoxia and their potential pathogenetic or prophylactic roles in the development and progression of major human diseases. This is a comprehensive monograph for clinicians, research scientists, academic faculty, postgraduate and medical students, and allied health professionals who are interested in enhancing their up-to-date knowledge of intermittent hypoxia research and its translational applications in preventing and treating major human diseases.

Download or read book Physiological Responses to Intermittent Hypoxia in Humans written by Jon C. Kolb and published by Universal-Publishers. This book was released on 2004 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, endurance athletes and high altitude climbers have gained access to commercially available, portable normobaric hypoxic chambers. Intermittent exposures to hypoxia in these chambers may elicit adaptations similar to those observed during acclimatization to altitude. Manufactures of these systems purport that intermittent exposures may elicit adaptations similar to those observed in response to the hypoxia of high altitude, however there have been no reports in the scientific literature that ventilatory acclimatization or alterations in cerebrovascular dynamics occur following repeated episodes in the portable chambers. The main conclusions are that an intermittent normobaric hypoxic intervention, consisting of five consecutive overnight exposures to a simulated altitude of 4300m, elicits perturbations in the acute cerebrovascular and ventilatory responses to both hypoxia and hypercapnia, which are similar to changes following chronic altitude exposure. Individual variability to intermittent hypoxia may have an impact on the rate at which the process of acclimatization proceeds. The extent of physiological and symptomatic responses to intermittent hypoxia are likely to be associated with the severity of hypoxia as well as the length and number of recurrent episodes of hypoxia.

Download or read book Hypoxia written by Robert C. Roach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-01-31 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hypoxia remains a constant threat throughout life. It is for this reason that the International Hypoxia Society strives to maintain a near quarter century tradition of presenting a stimulating blend of clinical and basic science discussions. International experts from many fields have focused on the state-of-the-art discoveries in normal and pathophysiological responses to hypoxia. Topics in this volume include gene-environment interactions, a theme developed in both a clinical context regarding exercise and hypoxia, as well as in native populations living in high altitudes. Furthermore, experts in the field have combined topics such as skeletal muscle angiogenesis and hypoxia, high altitude pulmonary edema, new insights into the biology of the erythropoietin receptor, and the latest advances in cardiorespiratory control in hypoxia. This volume explores the fields of anatomy, cardiology, biological transport, and biomedical engineering among many others.

Download or read book Intermittent Hypoxia written by Lei Xi and published by Nova Science Pub Incorporated. This book was released on 2012-12-20 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In consolidation of the most updated experimental results and perspectives from diverse research fields on a main theme - Intermittent Hypoxia, this book encompasses the structural, physiological, pathophysiological, biochemical, genetic, metabolic, and therapeutic aspects of intermittent hypoxia and provides an open forum to promote the bench-to-bed translational implications of both adaptive (beneficial) and maladaptive (detrimental) responses to intermittent hypoxia in animals and humans. Authored by 74 leading scientists from 17 countries in Asia, Europe, North America, and Oceana, the 30 chapters are grouped under 7 different sections covering the profound effects of intermittent hypoxia particularly on cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous, and skeletal muscular systems. Special attentions are paid to the protective or injurious roles played by intermittent hypoxia and their underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms in several major human diseases such as acute myocardial infarction, stroke, sleep apnea, and Parkinsons disease. Several chapters have also reviewed the use of intermittent hypoxia training for enhancing exercise performance in elite athletes. Overall, as endorsed by Professor John B. West (Member, Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences of U.S.A.; Editor-in-Chief, High Altitude Medicine and Biology) through his Foreword for the book, this is the most comprehensive monograph to date on the topic of intermittent hypoxia, which can cause significant structural and functional impact on the systemic, organic, cellular and molecular processes of human physiology and pathophysiology. Hence, this book could serve as a thorough reference for research scientists, physicians, academic faculty, graduate and medical students, athletic coaches and trainers, who are interested in enhancing their knowledge about the past, present, and future of intermittent hypoxia research and its translational applications for prevention and treatment of major diseases and improving exercise performance.

Download or read book Intermittent Hypoxia and Human Diseases written by Springer and published by . This book was released on 2012-08-31 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Atherosclerosis Arteriosclerosis and Arteriolosclerosis written by Luigi Gianturco and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-05-20 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With high morbidity and mortality rates, atherosclerosis (ATS) is a major concern worldwide. This book provides comprehensive information on ATS, including chapters on cardiovascular disease and obstructive sleep apnea, rheumatology and cardiovascular risk, and the differences of ATS among men and women. Let’s hope for the best and thank you to all my team for collaborating in this book production. In particular, thanks • to Bruno (my expert colleague) and Aurel (my secretary) for analyzing and reading with me all the texts • to Vincenzo, Stefano and Andrea for English evaluation • and finally to Rebecca (my future wife) for sustaining me in all professional activities giving me power in daily life!

Download or read book Evidence based Pediatrics and Child Health written by Virginia Moyer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 544 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence Based Pediatrics and Child Health is a ground-breaking new text on pediatrics and child care management, using evidence based approach. It covers all the major childhood conditions and contains the features of both a handbook and a reference text. Each chapter combines both advice on management and how best to practice evidence based medicine with reviews of all the available evidence in a specific area. The goal of the book is to help pediatricians and others who care for children to provide the best possible care by combining the best, most current evidence with special circumstances of each individual patient.

Download or read book Hypoxia and the Circulation written by Robert Roach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-01-08 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Just one of a series of volumes on differing aspects of hypoxia, this authoritative text focuses on cutting-edge research at the interface of hypoxia and biomedicine. Hypoxia – or lack of oxygen – is a constant threat to the human body and its vital organs, one that can take its toll in a number of situations. There are many situations in which the threat is heightened in health and disease, but mechanisms have evolved to lessen its detrimental effects. The International Hypoxia Symposia was founded to enable scientists, clinicians, physiologists, immunologists, mountaineers and other interested individuals to share their experiences of the situations associated with the lack of oxygen and the adaptations that allow us to survive.

Download or read book The Effect of a Single Session of Intermittent Hypoxia on Erythropoietin and Oxygen carrying Capacity written by Mercedes J. Nagel and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermittent hypoxia, defined as alternating bouts of breathing hypoxic and normoxic air, has the potential to improve oxygen-carrying capacity through an erythropoietin-mediated increase in hemoglobin mass. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of a single exposure of intermittent normobaric hypoxia on erythropoietin levels and hemoglobin mass in young healthy individuals. Nineteen healthy individuals (10 women and 9 men, age: 24 ± 4 years, height: 174 ± 11 cm, weight: 72.2 ± 12.2 kg) participated in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to an intermittent hypoxia group (Hyp, n = 10) or a placebo intermittent normoxia group (Norm, n = 9). Intermittent hypoxia consisted of five 4-minute hypoxic cycles at a targeted arterial oxygen saturation of 90% interspersed with 4-minute normoxic cycles. Air was made hypoxic by titrating nitrogen to a breathing circuit connected to a tank of compressed air. Nitrogen was not added to the breathing circuit in the intermittent normoxia condition. Pulmonary gas exchange, arterial oxygen saturation, and hemodynamics, using finger plethysmography, were continuously assessed during the intervention. Erythropoietin levels were measured before and two hours following the completion of the protocol. Hemoglobin mass was assessed using the carbon monoxide rebreathing technique the day before and seven days after exposure to intermittent hypoxia or normoxia. As anticipated, the intermittent hypoxia group had a lower arterial oxygen saturation than the intermittent normoxia group during the intervention (Hyp: 89 ± vs. Norm: 98 ± 1%, p

Download or read book Intermittent Hypoxia and Obstructive Sleep Apnea written by Lena Lavie and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a nightly respiratory condition, is characterized by recurrent upper airway collapse causing intermittent hypoxia (IH) resembling ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). Consequently, blood oxygenation levels are cyclically reduced; sleep fragmentation and sympathetic activation develop, thus invoking oxidative stress and inflammation. OSA is a major risk factor for cardio-/cerebrovascular morbidity and mortality. However, not all OSA patients develop cardio-/cerebrovascular disease, even if suffering from similar OSA severity. Possibly, this results from interindividual differences in responses to a given hypoxic stimulus involving gene polymorphism in oxygen-regulated transcription factors and downstream genes. The current review is aimed at highlighting potentially protective mechanisms induced by IH and OSA, rather than its well-established deleterious effects, while focusing on acute coronary syndromes. Therefore, protective mechanisms revealed in I/R biology and exhibited in vitro and in animal models utilizing IH followed by a severe ischemia are discussed and linked to acute myocardial infarction patients with concomitant OSA. The roles of endothelial progenitor cells, their proliferative and angiogenic properties, and collateral formation are emphasized in the clinical setting, as well as heterogenic interindividual responses to identical hypoxic stimuli. These findings might represent potential predictors to cardio-/cerebrovascular health, by identifying patients at higher or lower cardiovascular risk.

Download or read book Genetic Basis for Respiratory Control Disorders written by Claude Gaultier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-10-23 with total page 338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together top-level contributions on all aspects of the subject, this book provides an overview of the recent advances in the genetics of respiratory control in health and disease. It also shows how combined studies in humans and mouse models have helped to improve our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie genetically determined respiratory control disorders with the goal of developing new therapeutic interventions.

Download or read book The Influence of Acute Chronic Or Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia on No Release from the Renal Circulation written by Tin-Lap Leonard Tam and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "The Influence of Acute, Chronic or Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia on NO Release From the Renal Circulation" by Tin-lap, Leonard, Tam, 譚天立, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled "The influence of acute, chronic or chronic intermittent hypoxia on NO release from the renal circulation" Submitted by Leonard Tam Tin Lap for the degree of Master of Philosophy at the University of Hong Kong in September, 2004 The kidney's regulatory control over water and ion homeostasis and its release of hormones and enzymes make it the most important organ responsible for long-term blood pressure control. Despite a high overall oxygen supply, the tissue oxygen tension in the kidney is comparatively low and renders the kidneys prone to hypoxic injury. There are developed adaptive responses within the kidney that play a role in protecting the renal tissues from hypoxia-induced injuries. One of these responses is the release of paracrine and autocrine factors such as adenosine, prostaglandins and nitric oxide. On the other hand, extended exposure to sustained or intermittent hypoxia has been suggested to lead to chronic renal diseases and hypertension. Although the mechanism is not clear, one area of investigation, which lacks sufficient research, could be the deterioration of the renal NO system following hypoxia- adaptation. Therefore, this study examined the acute hypoxia-induced NO response within the renal circulation of hypoxia-adapted (chronic hypoxia, CH and intermittent hypoxia, IH) rats, compared to normoxic (Nx) rats. There were 6 groups of rats under investigation: Nx, 2wk CH, 4wk CH, 1wk IH, 2wk IH and 4wk IH. Acute local hypoxia (ALH) was induced by perfusing the kidney with hypoxic buffer (10% or 6% O ) and nitrite metabolite concentration was measured from the exiting perfusate. NO metabolite level in Nx rats increased significantly during ALH with either buffers. NO metabolites remained unchanged in either CH- or IH-adapted rats during ALH. During hypoxic adaptation, the body and kidney weights of 2wk CH rats dropped significantly compared to Nx, but returned to normal values after 4wk CH. Concomitantly, both 2wk and 4wk CH had significantly higher hematocrit compared to Nx, whereas, IH-treated rats were unaffected. IH treatment, for 2wk and 4wk, abolished the acetylcholine-induced NO response and resulted in significantly lower basal NO levels compared other groups. 1wk and 2wk IH rats also had significantly lower basal perfusion pressures compared to Nx. Altogether, these observations suggests that 1) CH treatment led to physical adaptation and blunted the renal NO response to hypoxic stimulus 2) The severity of the IH stimulus and the inability of rats to adapt to IH environment may have led to the dysfunction of the endothelium- induced NO release which could explain the development of hypertension in IH- adapted rats. DOI: 10.5353/th_b3040175 Subjects: Anoxemia Nitric oxide Renal circulation Kidney - Physiology

Download or read book Neurocirculatory Consequences of Chronic Intermittent Hypoxia written by Noah J. Marcus and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia written by Gabriel G. Haddad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-06 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia explores the various aspects of cell death and survival that are crucial for understanding the basic mechanisms underlying brain hypoxia and ischemia. Chapters focus on a panorama of issues including the role of ion channels/transporters, mitochondria and apoptotic mechanisms, the roles of glutamate/NMDA, mechanisms in penumbral cells and the importance of intermittent hypoxia and gene regulation under these stressful conditions. The volume explores findings from both mammalian and invertebrate model systems and their applicability to human systems and diseases. Careful consideration is also given to differences in hypoxia and ischemia across development. This volume aims to increase the understanding of these mechanisms and to stimulate research on better diagnosis and treatment of diseases that afflict the brain and potentially other organs when O2 levels are dysregulated. Brain Hypoxia and Ischemia is designed for neuroscientists, clinicians and medical/graduate students for use in both basic research and clinical practice.

Download or read book Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia and Hyperlipidemia In Vivo and in Vitro Studies on Pathogenetic Mechanisms Linking Obstructive Sleep Apnea to Cardiovascular Disease written by Qian Han and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-26 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Effects of Intermittent Hypoxia and Hyperlipidemia-in Vivo and in Vitro Studies on Pathogenetic Mechanisms Linking Obstructive Sleep Apnea to Cardiovascular Disease" by Qian, Han, 韩茜, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. DOI: 10.5353/th_b4691837 Subjects: Sleep apnea syndromes Cardiovascular system - Diseases

Download or read book Hypoxia and Anoxia written by Kusal Das and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-12-12 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The molecular deprivation of oxygen is manifested by hypoxia, a deficiency of oxygen and anoxia, or the absence of oxygen supply to the tissues. This book entitled Hypoxia and Anoxia will cover a broad range of understanding on hypoxia and anoxia from molecular mechanisms to pathophysiology. Hypoxia and anoxia stimulate multiple systems through specific cell signal transduction pathways and regulate several transcriptional factors like HIF-1, REST to encode genes for VEGF, Epo, etc. This book will also highlight different types of hypoxia and anoxia along with their impact on apoptosis, cardiovascular pathophysiology, and glucose regulatory mechanisms. This book will be a ready reckoner to give a deep understanding of the oxygen-sensing environment in vivo for researchers, academicians, and clinicians throughout the world.

Download or read book Intermittent Hypoxia Mediates Cardioprotection Via Calcium Handling Mechanisms written by Hang-Mee Yeung and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Intermittent Hypoxia Mediates Cardioprotection via Calcium Handling Mechanisms" by Hang-mee, Yeung, 楊恆美, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled 'Intermittent Hypoxia Mediates Cardioprotection via Calcium Handling Mechanisms' submitted by Yeung Hang Mee for the Degree of Master of Philosophy at the University of Hong Kong in August, 2006. 2+ This study investigated calcium (Ca ) handling mechanisms involved in cardioprotection induced by intermittent hypoxia (IH) against ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to 10% inspired O continuously for 6 hours daily from 3 to 14 days. In isolated perfused hearts subjected to I/R, IH-induced cardioprotection was most significant in the 7-day group with less infarct size and lactate dehydrogenase release comparing with normoxic group. The amplitude, decay time and time to peak of both electrically- 2+ and caffeine-induced Ca transients measured by spectrofluorometry in isolated ventricular myocytes of 7-day IH group were less deteriorated in I/R than that of the 2+ normoxic group, suggesting an improved Ca handling of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) and sarcolemma. 45 2+ We further determined the protein expression and activity of Ca flux of SR- 2+ + 2+ Ca -ATPase (SERCA), ryanodine receptor (RyR) and sarcolemmal Na /Ca exchange (NCX) in ventricular myocytes from the IH and normoxic groups before ii2+ and during MI/A-R. There were no changes in expression levels of the Ca -handling proteins but significant increases in the RyR and NCX activities were remarkable during MI/A-R in the IH but not the normoxic group. The augmented RyR and NCX activities were abolished respectively by PKA inhibitor KT5720 (0.5 μM) and PKC 2+ inhibitor chelerythrine chloride (5 μM) but not by Ca /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II inhibitor KN-93 (1μM). To conclude, IH confers cardioprotection 2+ against I/R injury in rat cardiomyocytes by ameliorated Ca handling with augmented RyR and NCX activities via protein kinases activation. iii DOI: 10.5353/th_b3750105 Subjects: Anoxemia Calcium Reperfusion injury Ischemia Heart - Physiology