Download or read book Interface Issues in the Use of Virtual Environments for Dismounted Soldier Training written by Bruce W. Knerr and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1992 the U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences (ARI) initiated a program of in-house experimentation to investigate the use of virtual environments (YE) technology to train dismounted soldiers. Since that time, we have conducted thirteen experiments examining human performance in VE, training effectiveness and transfer of skills acquired in VE to the real world, and side-effects and after-effects of exposure to VE. The tasks used have included distance estimation, tracking, object manipulation, visual search, route learning in buildings, building search, and land navigation. This paper summarizes results from these experiments related to visual display characteristics and methods of locomotion. The most common YE display systems, low- to moderate-cost head mounted displays (HMDs), limit performance with low resolution and small fields of view (FOVs). Performance on a variety of distance estimation tasks is significantly worse than performance on similar tasks in the real world. Providing stereoscopic view improves performance, but only at short distances. Increasing the field of view while holding resolution constant improves performance. Linking the viewpoint to head movements improves distance estimates and, under some conditions, spatial knowledge acquisition. For some tasks, performance using a monitor is better than performance using an HMD, while on other tasks, the reverse is true. A variety of methods have been used to simulate walking in VE: joystick. spaceball, treadmills, and walking in place (with instrumentation to sense steps). Few direct comparisons of these methods have been made. For some tasks, a joystick combined with auditory cueing may provide an effective substitute for high-cost locomotion simulators.

Download or read book Virtual Environments for Dismounted Soldier Training and Performance written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The U.S. Army has made a considerable investment in the use of virtual environments (VE) to train combat forces, to evaluate new systems and operational concepts, and to rehearse specific missions. While these simulations have predominately focused on training and simulation for mounted soldiers, there is also a need to train infantry and other dismounted soldiers. Although VEs have the potential to immerse dismounted soldiers directly in simulations, there are few successful examples of the use of VE to provide effective training. The effective use of VE for training requires identification of the types of tasks for which VE training is most appropriate, the characteristics of VE systems that are required to provide effective training, and the training strategies that are most appropriate for use with VE. This report presents recommendations for the use of VE for dismounted soldier training and mission rehearsal, and identifies needed future research. They are based on the results of an ARI in-house research program, related programs for which ARI scientists have participated, and the work of other VE researchers. Recommendations include types of tasks for which training in VE is and is not appropriate, interface design recommendations, and ways to reduce side- and after-effects. "-- Report documentation page.

Download or read book Virtual Environments for Dismounted Soldier Training and Performance Results Recommendations and Issues written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The U.S. Army has made a considerable investment in the use of virtual environments (VE) to train combat forces, to evaluate new systems and operational concepts, and to rehearse specific missions. While these simulations have predominately focused on training and simulation for mounted soldiers, there is also a need to train infantry and other dismounted soldiers. Although VEs have the potential to immerse dismounted soldiers directly in simulations, there are few successful examples of the use of VE to provide effective training. The effective use of VE for training requires identification of the types of tasks for which VE training is most appropriate, the characteristics of VE systems that are required to provide effective training, and the training strategies that are most appropriate for use with VE. This report presents recommendations for the use of VE for dismounted soldier training and mission rehearsal, and identifies needed future research. They are based on the results of an ARI in-house research program, related programs in which ARI scientists have participated, and the work of other VE researchers. Recommendations include types of tasks for which training in VE is and is not appropriate, interface design recommendations, and ways to reduce side- and alter-effects.

Download or read book Using Virtual Environments for Conducting Small Unit Dismounted Mission Rehearsals written by Robert J. Pleban and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This research examined the use of virtual environments as a viable dismounted infantry mission rehearsal tool. Four squads of soldiers individually conducted two missions that involved clearing a two-story building located at an urban operations training site. Two squads rehearsed the mission in a virtual representation of the exact building they would clear at the urban training site. The remaining squads rehearsed in an actual two-story building that was similar to the one they would clear at the urban training site. Squads executed both missions in each environment. Performance differences between the rehearsal groups across the two real-world' missions were small to negligible. Group performance differences for flatricides and personnel flagging were negatively affected by simulator constraints. Effectiveness ratings for the two rehearsal modes were clearly dependent on the setting where soldiers rehearsed. The research showed that while virtual environments show promise for this type of training, a number of interface and technology problems must be overcome. Currently, virtual environments do not appear to be as effective as real-world tactical training for improving skills underlying specific small unit tasks or battle drills. However, these environments may be used effectively at selected stages of training to enhance cognitive skills development."--DTIC.

Download or read book Training Dismounted Soldier in Virtual Environments written by Bob G. Witmer and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Current Issues in the Use of Virtual Simulations for Dismounted Soldier Training written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on the use of virtual simulation to train Soldiers and leaders in small dismounted units has largely focused on the use of specially developed, relatively high-fidelity PC-based simulators. It has been successful in demonstrating that virtual simulation can adequately support the performance of a variety of Soldier activities, and is perceived to be effective for training both individual and collective Soldier skills. However, as computer graphics technology has advanced, the interface devices (head-mounted or projection displays, position trackers, and instrumented mock weapons) required for immersive virtual simulations have become a relatively larger contributor to the cost of simulators than the simulation engine. This raises the question of whether a high-fidelity interface contributes sufficiently to training effectiveness to justify its cost. In addition, the widespread availability and use of video and computer games has raised the question of whether either commercial games or specially designed games can meet some part of the Army's training needs. This paper describes and discusses these issues in detail, presents supporting research evidence, and describes future research needs.

Download or read book Team Situational Awareness Training in Virtual Environments written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Members of small dismounted units face growing responsibilities and challenges in both combined arms combat and in contingency operations. Field training for these diverse missions is limited by cost and environmental factors. Virtual environment (VE) technology offers a potential complement to other training methods to meet the rapidly changing requirements for military training. This report provides an assessment based on a review of the relevant research literature of the capability of VE technologies, and strategies for their use for training members of small dismounted units to acquire and maintain situational awareness. It summarizes the state of the art of research in the areas of situational awareness, team training VE technology, and instructional strategies for simulation based training. It identifies current and future challenges for providing situational awareness training to members of small dismounted units and makes recommendations for future research.

Download or read book Virtual Environments for Infantry Soldiers written by Charlotte H. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report describes the work on a Science and Technology Objective (STO) entitled Virtual Environments for Dismounted Soldier Simulation, Training and Mission Rehearsal. The four-year (Fiscal Year FY 99-FY 02) STO effort was proposed to address a range of U.S. Army future operational capabilities described in U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) Pamphlet 525-66 (U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command, 1997). The STO activities and goals were focused on overcoming critical technological challenges that prevented effective Infantry Soldier simulation. The U. S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences (ARI) led a team of both government and industry developers in examining simulation capabilities for industry. The other government partners vent the U.S. Army Simulation, Training, and Instrumentation Command (STRICOM) and the U.S. Army Research Laboratory Human Research and Engineering Directorate (ARL-HRED) and Computational and information Sciences Directorate (ARL-ClSD). Each of the major players had a particular area of interest but all worked together to explore concepts and systems and to recommend directions for further work on training, concept development, and mission rehearsal."--DTIC.

Download or read book Immersive Simulation Training for the Dismounted Soldier written by Bruce W. Knerr and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study was conducted to document the need for immersive dismounted virtual Soldier and leader training and the available research evidence regarding the effectiveness of virtual training for training Soldiers and leaders in complex skills. A literature search of research reports, journal articles, and conference proceedings to identify evaluations and experiments related to the study topic of the training effectiveness of immersive virtual simulations was conducted. Particular attention was paid to an expended series of evaluations conducted by the Army R & D organizations during the period 1997 - 2005. The major findings are organized around the topics of training effectiveness, Soldier task performance, and advantages and disadvantages of immersive virtual simulations. Soldiers and small unit leaders report that their skills improve as a result of training in virtual simulations, and these self-reports by have generally, if informally, been confirmed by observers. While the simulators impose constraints on the performance of some Soldier activities, this should limit training effectiveness only if those activities that cannot be performed in the simulator are not trained by other means. Advantages and disadvantages of immersive simulations are also described.

Download or read book Virtual Reality Training s Future written by Robert J. Seidel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1997-04-30 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1988, the NATO panel governing human sciences (Panel 8 on Defence Applica of Human and Bio-Medical Sciences) established a Research Study Group to synthe tions size information relevant to Advanced Technologies Applied to Training Design. During its first phase, the RSG established an active exchange of information on advanced tech nologies applied to training design and stimulated much military application of these tech nologies. With the increased emphasis on training throughout the alliance, Panel 8, during its April 1991 meeting decided to continue with Phase II of this RSG focusing in the area of advanced training technologies that were emerging within the alliance. In order to ac complish its mission, the RSG held a series of workshops. Leaders in technology and training were brought together and exchanged information on the latest developments in technologies applicable to training and education. This volume represents the last in a se ries based on the NATO workshops. In Part One, it details findings from the last work shop, Virtual Reality for Training; and in Part Two, we provide a summary perspective on Virtual Reality and the other emerging technologies previously studied. These include computer-based training, expert systems, authoring systems, cost-effectiveness, and dis tance learning. It is a natural extension to proceed from learning without boundaries to virtual envi ronments. From the extended classroom to the individual or team immersion in a distrib uted, virtual, and collaborative environment is an easy conceptual step.

Download or read book Virtual Environments for Dismounted Soldier Simulation Training and Mission Rehearsal written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the work on a Science and Technology Objective (STO) entitled Virtual Environments for Dismounted Soldier Simulation, Training and Mission Rehearsal. The four-year (Fiscal Year FY 99-FY 02) STO effort was proposed to address a range of U.S. Army future operational capabilities described in U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command (TRADOC) Pamphlet 525-66 (U.S. Army Training and Doctrine Command, 1997). The STO activities and goals were focused on overcoming critical technological challenges that prevented effective Infantry Soldier simulation. The U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences (ARI) led a team of both government and industry developers in examining simulation capabilities for industry. The other government partners vent the U.S. Army Simulation, Training, and Instrumentation Command (STRICOM) and the U.S. Army Research Laboratory Human Research and Engineering Directorate (ARL-HRED) and Computational and information Sciences Directorate (ARL-ClSD). Each of the major players had a particular area of interest but all worked together to explore concepts and systems and to recommend directions for further work on training, concept development, and mission rehearsal.

Download or read book Training Dismounted Soldiers in Virtual Environments written by Bob G. Witmer and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Training Dismounted Soldiers in Virtual Environments written by Bob G. Witmer and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For nearly a decade the U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences (ARI) has conducted research in using virtual environments (VE) to train dismounted soldiers. While showing that some dismounted soldiers skills can be trained in VE, the research has also identified problems in using VE for soldier training. Spatial performance deficiencies caused by disorientation and perceptual distortion have been found. This paper describes research investigating the effectiveness of various VE navigation aids in overcoming inherent VE deficiencies, thereby enhancing VE spatial learning. Sixty-four participants received a guided tour of the third floor of a virtual building, freely explored the environment visiting six named destinations along the way, and then practiced finding each destination in turn. After training, participants were asked to estimate the distance and direction to destinations not in their line of sight, to locate each destination by traveling to it after having been teleported to another destination, and to place room cut-outs on a map outline of the third floor. The only navigation aid that improved performance on these tasks was providing an aerial view of the VE. The effectiveness of the aerial view depended on how the participants used it.

Download or read book The PSI Handbook of Virtual Environments for Training and Education written by Joseph V. Cohn and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2008-11-30 with total page 1441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The increasingly complex environment of the 21st century demands unprecedented knowledge, skills and abilities for people from all walks of life. One powerful solution that blends the science of learning with the technological advances of computing is Virtual Environments. In the United States alone, the Department of Defense has invested billions of dollars over the past decade to make this field and its developments as effective as possible. This 3-volume work provides, for the first time, comprehensive coverage of the many different domains that must be integrated for Virtual Environments to fully provide effective training and education. The first volume is dedicated to a thorough understanding of learning theory, requirements definition and performance measurement, providing insight into the human-centric specifications the VE must satisfy to succeed. Volume II provides the latest information on VE component technologies, and Volume III offers discussion of an extensive collection of integrated systems presented as VE use-cases, and results of effectiveness evaluation studies. The text includes emerging directions of this evolving technology, from cognitive rehabilitation to the next generation of museum exhibitions. Finally, the handbook offers a glimpse into the future with this fascinating technology. This groundbreaking set will interest students, scholars and researchers in the fields of military science, technology, computer science, business, law enforcement, cognitive psychology, education and health. Topics addressed include guidance and interventions using VE as a teaching tool, what to look for in terms of human-centered systems and components, and current training uses in the Navy, Army, Air Force and Marines. Game-based and long distance training are explained, as are particular challenges such as the emergence of VE sickness. Chapters also highlight the combination of VE and cybernetics, robotics and artificial intelligence.

Download or read book Technical Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Virtual Reality Training s Future written by Robert J. Seidel and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1988, the NATO panel governing human sciences (Panel 8 on Defence Applica of Human and Bio-Medical Sciences) established a Research Study Group to synthe tions size information relevant to Advanced Technologies Applied to Training Design. During its first phase, the RSG established an active exchange of information on advanced tech nologies applied to training design and stimulated much military application of these tech nologies. With the increased emphasis on training throughout the alliance, Panel 8, during its April 1991 meeting decided to continue with Phase II of this RSG focusing in the area of advanced training technologies that were emerging within the alliance. In order to ac complish its mission, the RSG held a series of workshops. Leaders in technology and training were brought together and exchanged information on the latest developments in technologies applicable to training and education. This volume represents the last in a se ries based on the NATO workshops. In Part One, it details findings from the last work shop, Virtual Reality for Training; and in Part Two, we provide a summary perspective on Virtual Reality and the other emerging technologies previously studied. These include computer-based training, expert systems, authoring systems, cost-effectiveness, and dis tance learning. It is a natural extension to proceed from learning without boundaries to virtual envi ronments. From the extended classroom to the individual or team immersion in a distrib uted, virtual, and collaborative environment is an easy conceptual step.

Download or read book List of U S Army Research Institute Research and Technical Publications written by U.S. Army Research Institute for the Behavioral and Social Sciences and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: