Download or read book Intercomparison of Plutonium 239 Measurements written by Lee H. Ziegler and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Intercomparison of Plutonium 239 Measurements written by Lee H. Ziegler and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An Intercomparison of the Determination of Pu 239 Pu 238 and Pu 236 by alpha Counting Techniques in the UK USA and Canada written by D.E. Watt and published by . This book was released on 1963 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1992-12 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book EPA 600 9 written by and published by . This book was released on 1979-08 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Low Level Plutonium Bioassay Measurements at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plutonium-239 (239Pu) and plutonium-240 (24°Pu) are important alpha emitting radionuclides contained in radioactive debris from nuclear weapons testing. 239Pu and 24°Pu are long-lived radionuclides with half-lives of 24,400 years and 6580 years, respectively. Concerns over human exposure to plutonium stem from knowledge about the persistence of plutonium isotopes in the environment and the high relative effectiveness of alpha-radiation to cause potential harm to cells once incorporated into the human body. In vitro bioassay tests have been developed to assess uptakes of plutonium based on measured urinary excretion patterns and modeled metabolic behaviors of the absorbed radionuclides. Systemic plutonium absorbed by the deep lung or from the gastrointestinal tract after ingestion is either excreted or distributed to other organs, primarily to the liver and skeleton, where it is retained for biological half-times of around 20 and 50 years, respectively. Dose assessment and atoll rehabilitation programs in the Marshall Islands have historically given special consideration to residual concentrations of plutonium in the environment even though the predicted dose from inhalation and/or ingestion of plutonium accounts for less than 5% of the annual effective dose from exposure to fallout contamination. Scientists from the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) have developed a state-of-the-art bioassay test to assess urinary excretion rates of plutonium from Marshallese populations. This new heavy-isotope measurement system is based on Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS). The AMS system at LLNL far exceeds the standard measurement requirements established under the latest United States Department of Energy (DOE) regulation, 10CFR 835, for occupational monitoring of plutonium, and offers several advantages over classical as well as competing new technologies for low-level detection and measurement of plutonium isotopes. The United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has independently verified the accuracy and precision of the AMS detection system for low-level bioassay measurements of plutonium isotopes through participation in an intercomparison exercise whereby performance evaluation samples were prepared in a synthetic urine matrix and submitted to participating laboratories for blind analysis. The results of the analyses were then sent to the NIST to independently evaluate the performance of laboratory participants. At LLNL, the AMS measurements of 239Pu and 24°Pu met ANSI 13.30 criteria for both precision and accuracy at all sample test levels. Livermore scientists continue to test the performance of the Marshall Islands Plutonium Urinalysis Program by routine blind analysis of externally prepared quality control test samples, and through the rigorous implementation of standardized methods and procedures. Although not addressed directly in the report, AMS measurements show that the urinary excretion of plutonium by selected Marshallese populations fall into a low and reproducible range. Moreover, there appears to be no evidence of small incremental intakes of plutonium associated with resettlement activities - past or present. The improved quality, reliability and detection sensitivity of AMS for low-level plutonium isotope measurements will enable DOE to develop high-quality, baseline urinary excretion data for Marshallese populations, and accurately assess and track potential uptakes of plutonium. associated with resettlement activities and/or from long-term changes in plutonium exposure conditions in the Marshall Islands.
Download or read book Research Reports of the Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory Las Vegas written by Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory (Las Vegas, Nev.) and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Indexes written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 1760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Neutron Standards and Applications written by Charles D. Bowman and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of the Interagency Energy environment R D Program written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency. Office of Energy, Minerals, and Industry and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Measurement of Plutonium 239 in Vivo written by D. Ramsden and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plutonium in the Environment written by A. Kudo and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-02-23 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first volume of the new series, Radioactivity in the Environment, focuses on the environmental occurrence, the speciation, the behaviour, the fate, the applications and the health consequences of that much-feared and much-publicised element, plutonium. Featuring a collection of selected, peer-reviewed, up-to-date papers by leading researchers in the field, this work provides a state-of-the-art description of plutonium in the environment. This title helps to explain where present frontiers are drawn in our continuing efforts to understand the science of environmental plutonium and will help to place widespread concerns into perspective. As a whole this new book series on environmental radioactivity addresses, at academic research level, the key aspects of this socially important and complex interdisciplinary subject. Presented objectively and with the ultimate authority gained from the many contributions by the world's leading experts, the negative and positive consequences of having a radioactive world around us will be documented and given perspective.
Download or read book Measurements for the safe use of radiation written by Sherman P. Fivozinsky and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measurement Technology for Safeguards and Materials Control written by Thomas R. Canada and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book EPA Newsletter written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 1756 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Measurement technology for safeguards and materials control written by American Nuclear Society and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
