Download or read book Interactions of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 and Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus written by Avanti Sinha and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular and Phylogenetic Analysis of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Prrsv and Porcine Circovirus Type 2 Pcv2 written by Yick-Yeung Li and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Molecular and Phylogenetic Analysis of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) and Porcine Circovirus Type 2 (PCV2)" by Yick-yeung, Li, 李亦揚, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled MOLECULAR AND PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF PORCINE REPRODUCTIVE AND RESPIRATORY SYNDROME VIRUS (PRRSV) AND PORCINE CIRCOVIRUS TYPE 2 (PCV2) Submitted by Yick Yeung LI for the Degree of Master of Philosophy (MPhil) at The University of Hong Kong in November 2003 Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) have caused a huge economical loss in the global swine industry. The aim of this study is to characterize the prevalence and phylogenetic relationship of local PRRSV and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2, causative agent of PMWS), and to develop a DNA vaccine against PRRSV. In this study, PRRSV (26% of tested pigs) and PCV2 (15% of tested pigs) were identified in local swineherds. Phylogenetic analysis on eighteen local PRRSVs from different pig farms demonstrated the existence of both European (45%) and North American (55%) genotypes. Also, the local European typed virus and North American typed virus showed that the amino acid identity of nucleocapsid protein ranged from 89.1% to 95.3% and 94.4% to 98.4% when compared to their respective prototypes. However, the average pairwise genetic distances of the European genotype and North American genotype were found to be 0.047 and 0.065, respectively, suggesting that the PRRSVs with North American genotype was more diverse than those with European genotype. In addition, two sub-branches of European typed PRRSVs and at least four sub-branches of North American typed PRRSVs were identified in local pig farms. Using the phylogenetic tree analysis on the basis of complete nucleotide sequence of local PCV2 viruses and PCV2 isolates around the world, the nucleotide homology of local viruses ranged from 96.1% to 99.9% whereas the nucleotide homology of that with other PCV2 strains ranged from 94.2% to 99.9%. Also, the amino acid identity of the capsid protein of the 10 local PCV2 ranged from 93.2% to 99.6%. Besides, eight PCV2 infected pigs were found to be co-infected with PRRSV. Among them, six were co-infected with North American PRRSV genotypes, one with European genotype and one with both genotypes. To summarize, at least three different PCV2 sub-branches were identified and co-infection with both PRRSV and PCV2 were found in Hong Kong. Apart from the phylogenetic analysis of the two viruses, four mutants with truncated putative signal sequence (Δ 5.4, Δ 5.5, Δ5.6 and Δ5.7) were constructed, based on the hydropathy profile of the PRRSV (strain AV), for DNA vaccine development against PRRSV. Among all mutants, only mutants Δ5.6 and Δ5.7 demonstrated a high level of expression in E. coli. when compared to the full-length (ORF5) construct and were expressed in transfected COS-7 cell lines. Both mutants triggered humoral responses in immunized mice and pigs. In mice, the antibody titer peaked at week 3 and was sustained for at least another three weeks while serum neutralizing antibody was detected in pigs at week 4 and maintained until week 8 at variable levels. Therefore, these two deletion mutants are potential candidates for DNA vaccine development. DOI: 10.5353/th_b2929710 Subjects: Swine - Virus diseases - Genetic aspects DNA vaccines
Download or read book Characterization of Interactions Between Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus and Its Intracellular Environment written by Julie Ann Hicks and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Polymicrobial Diseases written by Kim A. Brogden and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymicrobial diseases, those involving more than one etiologic agent, are more common than is generally realized and include respiratory diseases, gastroenteritis, conjunctivitis, keratitis, hepatitis, periodontal diseases, multiple sclerosis, genital infections, intra -- abdominal infections, and pertussis.
Download or read book Swine Respiratory Disease written by Paolo Martelli and published by Grupo Asís Biomedia S.L.. This book was released on 2021-08-24T00:00:00+02:00 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to provide an updated overview on the most common pathogens responsible for porcine respiratory disease complex. The authors, all renowned and award-winning experts with a wide experience in respiratory diseases in pigs, have focused their efforts on gathering the latest information and data available on the topics covered while making the book as readable as possible.
Download or read book Molecular and Phylogenetic Analysis of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus PRRSV and Porcine Circovirus Type 2 PCV2 written by Yick-yeung Li and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Host virus Interactions in Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection written by George Edwin Peter Sorensen and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Veterinary Vaccines written by R. Pandey and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vaccines have historically been considered to be the most cost-effective method for preventing communicable diseases. It was a vaccine that enabled global eradication of the dreaded disease smallpox. Mass immunization of children forms the anchor of the strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO) to attain "health for all" status by the year 2000. Vaccinology is undergoing a dimensional change with the advances that have taken place in immunology and genetic engineering. Vaccines that confer short or inadequate immunity or that have side effects are being replaced by better vaccines. New vaccines are being developed for a variety of maladies. Monoclonal antibodies and T cell clones have been employed to delineate the immunodeterminants on microbes, an approach elegantly complemented by computer graphics and molecular imaging techniques. Possibilities have opened for obtaining hitherto scarce antigens of parasites by the DNA recombinant route. Better appreciation of the idiotypic network has aroused research on anti idiotypic vaccines. Solid-phase synthesis of peptides is leading to an array of synthetic vaccines, an approach that is expected to attain its full potential once the sequences activating suppressor cells are discovered and the rules for presentation of antigens to T and B cells are better worked out. A new breed of vaccines is on the horizon that seeks to control fertility. Originally conceived to intercept a step in the reproductive process, they are conceptual models for developing approaches to regulate the body's internal processes.
Download or read book Understanding the Pathogenesis of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 PCV2 associated Diseases written by Tanja Ilse Opriessnig and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is associated with several disease manifestations in pigs including postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). The hallmark microscopic lesions of PCV2-infection are lymphoid depletion or granulomatous lymphadentitis (or both) and the presence of PCV2 antigen or nucleic acids associated with the lymphoid lesions. PCV2 alone is limited in its ability to induce the full spectrum of disease and lesions associated with PMWS in pigs. PCV2 is widespread in the global swine population and in order to establish a PCV2 model in conventional pigs it was necessary to identify a method to derive pigs free of PCV2 or anti-PCV2 antibodies. We obtained more than 500 PCV2-free pigs from six seropositive breeding herds and demonstrated that segregated early weaning is an effective technique to derive PCV2-free pigs from positive breeding herds for research or for commercial production. We determined that vaccination with commercially available adjuvanted bacterins enhances PCV2 replication and PCV2-associated lesions. We also found that timing of vaccination in relationship to PCV2 infection is important in the outcome of vaccine-induced enhancement of PCV2 replication and PCV2-associated lesions. Field reports indicated that PCV2-infection may also decrease the efficacy of vaccines used at the time of PCV2 infection. When we vaccinated pigs with a modified-live porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) vaccine 14 days post PCV2 inoculation we found that PCV2 infection significantly decreased the efficacy of the PRRSV vaccine as measured by gross and microscopic lesions. It is thought that coinfections may be an important trigger for progression of PCV2 to PMWS and other PCV2-associated diseases. We experimentally confirmed that PCV2 and porcine parvovirus coinfection resulted in clinical PMWS in conventional pigs whereas singular infection does not. Coinfecting conventional pigs with PCV2 and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae resulted in severe respiratory disease, reduced average daily gain, and severe lung and lymphoid lesions associated with PCV2-antigen in dual-infected pigs implying that M. hyopneumoniae potentiates the severity of PCV2-associated lung and lymphoid lesions and increases the incidence of PMWS. Host and virus differences may also be important in the outcome of PCV2 infection. In our conventional pig model, we found a predisposition of Landrace pigs to PCV2-associated lesions and disease when compared to Duroc and Large White pigs. Finally, we were the first to experimentally confirm that PCV2-field isolates differ significantly in virulence in our conventional pig model.
Download or read book Studies on the Interaction Between Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus and Its Natural Host Cell written by Wei Yu Chen and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissecting and Disrupting the Interactions Between Host Cells and the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus written by Elle Love McLuskey and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies on the Interaction Between Porcine Circovirus Type 2 and the Porcine Immune System written by D. F. Gilpin and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Host virus Interaction During Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus PRRSV Infection written by Hanmo Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Interactions of the Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus with Cellular Proteins written by Cheng Song and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Jubb Kennedy Palmer s Pathology of Domestic Animals Volume 2 written by Grant Maxie and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-08-14 with total page 1219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an emphasis on the disease conditions of dogs, cats, horses, swine, cattle and small ruminants, Jubb, Kennedy, and Palmer's Pathology of Domestic Animals, 6th Edition continues its long tradition of being the most comprehensive reference book on common domestic mammal pathology. Using a body systems approach, veterinary pathology experts provide overviews of general system characteristics, reactions to insult, and disease conditions that are broken down by type of infectious or toxic insult affecting the anatomical subdivisions of each body system. The sixth edition now boasts a new full-color design, including more than 2,000 high-resolution images of normal and abnormal organs, tissues, and cells. Updated content also includes evolved coverage of disease agents such as the Schmallenberg virus, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus, and the porcine deltacoronavirus; plus new information on molecular-based testing, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in-situ hybridization, keep you abreast of the latest diagnostic capabilities. - Updated content includes new and evolving pathogens and diagnostic techniques. - Updated bibliographies give readers new entry points into the rapidly expanding literature on each subject. - NEW! High-resolution color images clearly depict the diagnostic features of hundreds of conditions. - NEW! Introduction to the Diagnostic Process chapter illustrates the whole animal perspective and details the approaches to systemic, multi-system, and polymicrobial disease. - NEW! Coverage of camelids is now included in the reference's widened scope of species. - NEW! Team of 30+ expert contributors offers the latest perspective on the continuum of issues in veterinary pathology. - NEW! Expanded resources on the companion website include a variety of helpful tools such as full reference lists with entries linked to abstracts in Pub Med and bonus web-only figures. - NEW! Full-color design improves the accessibility of the text.
Download or read book Detection of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus porcine circovirus type 2 swine influenza virus and Aujeszky s disease virus in cases of porcine proliferative and necrotizing pneumonia PNP in Spain written by Llorenç Grau i Roma and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Interaction Between Porcine Circovirus Type 2 and the Immune System of the Pig written by Frida Hasslung Wikström and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
