Download or read book Interactions of Disruptive Materials with Phospholipid Bilayers written by Andrew S. Campbell and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The eukaryotic cell membrane is a complex mixture of cholesterol, lipids, and proteins. Direct study of the cell membrane must include these multiple variables, which significantly complicates their analysis. Model systems minimize the number of components used in a membrane study. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) can be employed to study the morphology of model supported phospholipid bilayers (SLB). Thermal and diffusive properties of membranes are identified using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). Attenuated total reflectance infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) can be applied to observe SLB disruption. This suite of techniques has been used to observe interactions of molecules interfering with phospholipid bilayers. Single- and multicomponent SLBs and phospholipid vesicles are employed as models of cell membranes. The effects of the pore-forming peptide alamethicin are shown for lipid bilayers with varying compositions. A correlation between the presence of sphingomyelin or cholesterol and increased pore formation is identified by the increase of potassium leakage through vesicles and formation of raft structures visible with AFM. ATR-FTIR shows that alamethicin disrupts all types of bilayers studied, suggesting that the observed effects are directly correlated to alamethicin incorporation. A comparison is made between the interactions of two polychlorinated biphenyl isomers and an SLB. A study of AFM micrographs identifies multiple phase transitions in one isomer, but only one phase transition for the other isomer. Two transitions are consistent with an uninterrupted bilayer, but one transition suggests that an intercalated molecule ties the bilayer leaflets together, or a contaminant molecule disrupts substrate ordering on the bilayer. DSC results show that one isomer is more strongly associated with the bilayer than the other isomer, a difference that is explained based on geometric differences in the isomers. FCS is employed to observe a PCB-lipid complex which highlights the different strengths of interaction between PCB isomers and lipids. A model is proposed where the ortho-substituted PCB isomer inserts into the bilayer and strongly associates with the hydrophobic region. In contrast, the planar PCB isomer does not insert deeply past the hydrophilic region of the bilayer, which allows it to interrupt interactions between the substrate and its closest bilayer leaflet. We employ atomic force microscopy to show interactions of sphingomyelin or cholesterol with a mixed DSPC/DOTAP bilayer. We report that sphingomyelin, but not cholesterol, supports the formation of hexagonal crystalline domains. These domains are small (ca. 70 nm) and can be observed with AFM as high as 40°C. We use differential scanning calorimetry of DSPC/DOTAP vesicles in the presence of either sphingomyelin or gramicidin A to show the elimination of one thermogram peak. This result suggests that sphingomyelin, like gramicidin A, interacts with both leaflets in the bilayer. We report dichroic ratios measured from each bilayer composition with ATR-FTIR. The methylene dichroic ratios in all bilayers decrease with introduction of both SM and Chol, but the magnitude of decrease is greater in the presence of SM. A decrease in methylene dichroic ratios is related to an increase in lipid chain order. We propose that SM exerts extensive hydrogen-bonding forces on DSPC and sustains structure to high temperatures when incorporated in a 40 mol% ratio. At this same temperature, we propose that Chol does not support the same structure formation because it induces the liquid-ordered phase in DSPC/DOTAP. We note that sphingomyelin promotes multilayer, not bilayer, formation.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Colloidal Silica written by Horacio E. Bergna and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-12-19 with total page 926 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In spite of the apparent simplicity of silica's composition and structure, scientists are still investigating fundamental questions regarding the formation, constitution, and behavior of colloidal silica systems. Colloidal Silica: Fundamentals and Applications introduces new information on colloid science related to silica chemistry as well
Download or read book Organelle Specific Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology written by Volkmar Weissig and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-01 with total page 736 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces and discusses the latest in biomedical research--Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology applied at the sub-cellular level.
Download or read book Peptide Lipid Interactions written by Sidney A. Simon and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2002-11-13 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains a comprehensive overview of peptide-lipid interactions by leading researchers. The first part covers theoretical concepts, experimental considerations, and thermodynamics. The second part presents new results obtained through site-directed EPR, electron microscopy, NMR, isothermal calorimetry, and fluorescence quenching. The final part covers problems of biological interest, including signal transduction, membrane transport, fusion, and adhesion. Key Features * world-renowned experts * state-of-the-art experimental methods * monolayers, bilayers, biological membranes * theoretical aspects and computer simulations * rafts * synaptic transmission * membrane fusion * signal transduction
Download or read book Water in Biological and Chemical Processes written by Biman Bagchi and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-14 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A unified overview of the dynamical properties of water and its unique and diverse role in biological and chemical processes.
Download or read book Lipid Domains written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-06-08 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current Topics in Membranes is targeted toward scientists and researchers in biochemistry and molecular and cellular biology, providing the necessary membrane research to assist them in discovering the current state of a particular field and in learning where that field is heading. This volume offers an up to date presentation of current knowledge in the field of Lipid Domains. Written by leading experts Contains original material, both textual and illustrative, that should become a very relevant reference material The material is presented in a very comprehensive manner Both researchers in the field and general readers should find relevant and up-to-date information
Download or read book Handbook of the Extracellular Matrix written by F. Raquel Maia and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 1322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Free Energy Calculations written by Christophe Chipot and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-08 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Free energy constitutes the most important thermodynamic quantity to understand how chemical species recognize each other, associate or react. Examples of problems in which knowledge of the underlying free energy behaviour is required, include conformational equilibria and molecular association, partitioning between immiscible liquids, receptor-drug interaction, protein-protein and protein-DNA association, and protein stability. This volume sets out to present a coherent and comprehensive account of the concepts that underlie different approaches devised for the determination of free energies. The reader will gain the necessary insight into the theoretical and computational foundations of the subject and will be presented with relevant applications from molecular-level modelling and simulations of chemical and biological systems. Both formally accurate and approximate methods are covered using both classical and quantum mechanical descriptions. A central theme of the book is that the wide variety of free energy calculation techniques available today can be understood as different implementations of a few basic principles. The book is aimed at a broad readership of graduate students and researchers having a background in chemistry, physics, engineering and physical biology.
Download or read book Nanocosmetics written by Jean Cornier and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-06-14 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses the application of nanotechnology to cosmetics. Edited by three respected experts in the field, the book begins with a general overview of the science behind cosmetics and skin care today, and of the status quo of nanotechnology in cosmetics. Subsequent chapters provide detailed information on the different nanoparticles currently used in cosmetics; the production and characterization of nanoparticles and nanocosmetics; and regulatory, safety and commercialization aspects. Given its scope, the book offers an indispensable guide for scientists in academia and industry, technicians and students, as well as a useful resource for decision-makers in the field and consumer organizations. Chapter 6 of this book is available open access under a CC BY 4.0 licence at link.springer.com.
Download or read book Graphene based Materials in Health and Environment written by Gil Gonçalves and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-12-10 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the potential use of graphene-based materials in two important societal areas: medicine and the environment. It discusses how new graphene-based materials can be creatively used for biological purposes, for example as delivery vehicles for diagnostics or therapeutics, ultrasensitive sensors, smart responsive substrates for artificial-tissue design and biomarkers. Moreover, it presents new insights into their use as sorbent or photocatalytic materials for environmental decontamination in water and gas-phase desalination membranes and as sensors for contaminant monitoring, giving relevance to the current discussions on the possible toxicological effects of graphene-based materials.
Download or read book Handbook of Surfaces and Interfaces of Materials Five Volume Set written by Hari Singh Nalwa and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-10-26 with total page 1915 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook brings together, under a single cover, all aspects of the chemistry, physics, and engineering of surfaces and interfaces of materials currently studied in academic and industrial research. It covers different experimental and theoretical aspects of surfaces and interfaces, their physical properties, and spectroscopic techniques that have been applied to a wide class of inorganic, organic, polymer, and biological materials. The diversified technological areas of surface science reflect the explosion of scientific information on surfaces and interfaces of materials and their spectroscopic characterization. The large volume of experimental data on chemistry, physics, and engineering aspects of materials surfaces and interfaces remains scattered in so many different periodicals, therefore this handbook compilation is needed.The information presented in this multivolume reference draws on two decades of pioneering research on the surfaces and interfaces of materials to offer a complete perspective on the topic. These five volumes-Surface and Interface Phenomena; Surface Characterization and Properties; Nanostructures, Micelles, and Colloids; Thin Films and Layers; Biointerfaces and Applications-provide multidisciplinary review chapters and summarize the current status of the field covering important scientific and technological developments made over past decades in surfaces and interfaces of materials and spectroscopic techniques with contributions from internationally recognized experts from all over the world. Fully cross-referenced, this book has clear, precise, and wide appeal as an essential reference source long due for the scientific community. The complete reference on the topic of surfaces and interfaces of materialsThe information presented in this multivolume reference draws on two decades of pioneering researchProvides multidisciplinary review chapters and summarizes the current status of the fieldCovers important scientific and technological developments made over past decades in surfaces and interfaces of materials and spectroscopic techniquesContributions from internationally recognized experts from all over the world
Download or read book Advances and Challenges in Pharmaceutical Technology written by Amit Kumar Nayak and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2021-02-09 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances and Challenges in Pharmaceutical Technology: Materials, Process Development and Drug Delivery Strategies examines recent advancements in pharmaceutical technology. The book discusses common formulation strategies, including the use of tools for statistical formulation optimization, Quality by design (QbD), process analytical technology, and the uses of various pharmaceutical biomaterials, including natural polymers, synthetic polymers, modified natural polymers, bioceramics, and other bioinorganics. In addition, the book covers rapid advancements in the field by providing a thorough understanding of pharmaceutical processes, formulation developments, explorations, and exploitation of various pharmaceutical biomaterials to formulate pharmaceutical dosage forms. Provides extensive information and analysis on recent advancements in the field of pharmaceutical technology Includes contributions from global leaders and experts in academia, industry and regulatory agencies Uses high quality illustrations, flow charts and tables to explain concepts and text to readers, along with practical examples and research case studies
Download or read book Van der Waals Forces written by V. Adrian Parsegian and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-11-28 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book should prove to be the definitive work explaining van der Waals forces, how to calculate them and take account of their impact under any circumstances and conditions. These weak intermolecular forces are of truly pervasive impact, and biologists, chemists, physicists and engineers will profit greatly from the thorough grounding in these fundamental forces that this book offers. Parsegian has organized his book at three successive levels of mathematical sophistication, to satisfy the needs and interests of readers at all levels of preparation. The Prelude and Level 1 are intended to give everyone an overview in words and pictures of the modern theory of van der Waals forces. Level 2 gives the formulae and a wide range of algorithms to let readers compute the van der Waals forces under virtually any physical or physiological conditions. Level 3 offers a rigorous basic formulation of the theory.
Download or read book Responsive Materials and Methods written by Ashutosh Tiwari and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-09-30 with total page 323 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of finely-tuned materials that adjust in a predictable manner by specific environment change is the recent arena of materials research. It is a newly emerging supra-disciplinary field with huge commercial potential. Stimuli-responsive materials answer by a considerable change in their properties to small changes in their environment. Responsive materials are becoming increasingly more prevalent as scientists learn about the chemistry and triggers that induce conformational changes in materials structures and devise ways to take advantage of and control them. Responsive Materials and Method offers state-of-the-art of the stimuli-responsive materials and their potential applications. This collection brings together novel methodologies and strategies adopted in the research and development of responsive materials and technology.
Download or read book The Interaction of Plasma Lipoproteins with Phosphatidylcholine Vesicles written by James Arthur Hunter and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pharmacology for Anaesthesia and Intensive Care written by Tom E. Peck and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-01-31 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been thoroughly updated and expanded, with additional contributions from experts in the field, to include all new drugs available to the anaesthetist and intensive care specialist. Basic pharmacological principles are dealt with methodically and with many highly annotated diagrams and tables.
