Download or read book Integrated Optical Phased Arrays for Lidar Applications written by Ami Yaacobi and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is no wonder that research in Si photonics (optical components embedded on a silicon platform) has bloomed so rapidly the last few years. Combining low loss, strong refractive index contrast (and, thus, light confinement), with electro-optical and thermo-optical effects, allows for the fabrication of dense and complex electro-optical Si photonics systems. Moreover, because it is based on the well-established platforms of the CMOS industry, Si photonics is expected to rapidly shift from a research field to the production of high volume, low cost, complex, integrated electro-optical systems. One class of systems receiving increasing interest are Nanophotonic Phased Arrays (NPAs), which offer free space emission of a manipulated beam that can be steered, focused, have controlled angular momentum and even create holograms. Still, some substantial challenges remain in applying these NPAs to real systems. Large cell size and spacing between adjacent antennas produce multiple beams and reduce effective steering angle. In addition, small beam angle requirements and large aperture in NPAs receivers demand large phased array size. In order to allow for both steering angle and large aperture, a large array with small cell size is required resulting large number of unit cells in one array. In this work, we first propose two metallic nanoantennas to couple between a waveguide mode to free space radiation. Then, by combining existing Si photonic components like directional couplers and modulators with optical antennas and phase shifters that were designed for this goal we demonstrate, in this work, several NPAs for various applications. Using unique architecture, we then, specifically focus on a, NPA based, lidar. These lidar systems are essential components in any autonomous system maneuvering in an undefined environment. An on chip lidar like this one can serve, for example, in the automotive industry for safety enhancement and to allow autonomous driving functionality at an affordable price.
Download or read book Integrated Optical Phased Arrays written by Jelena Notaros and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated optical phased arrays, fabricated in advanced silicon-photonics platforms, enable manipulation and dynamic control of free-space light in a compact form factor, at low costs, and in a non-mechanical way. As such, integrated optical phased arrays have emerged as a promising technology for many wide-reaching applications, including LiDAR sensors and augmented-reality displays. In this thesis, novel integrated-optical-phased-array devices, systems, results, and applications are presented. First, beam-steering optical phased arrays for LiDAR are shown, including the first beam-steering optical phased arrays powered by monolithically-integrated on-chip rare-earth-doped lasers, the first beam-steering optical phased arrays controlled using heterogeneously-integrated CMOS driving electronics, and the first single-chip coherent LiDAR with integrated optical phased arrays and CMOS receiver electronics. These demonstrations are important steps towards practical commercialization of low-cost and high-performance integrated LiDAR sensors for autonomous vehicles. Next, integrated optical phased arrays for optical manipulation in the near field are developed, including the first near-field-focusing integrated optical phased arrays, the first quasi-Bessel-beam-generating integrated optical phased arrays, and a novel active butterfly architecture for independent amplitude and phase control. These near-field modalities have the potential to advance a number of application areas, such as optical trapping for biological characterization, trapped-ion quantum computing, and laser-based 3D printing. Finally, a novel transparent integrated-phased-array-based holographic display is proposed as a highly-discreet and fully-holographic solution for the next generation of augmented-reality head-mounted displays; novel passive near-eye displays that generate holograms, the first integrated visible-light liquid-crystal-based phase and amplitude modulators, and the first actively-tunable visible-light integrated optical phased arrays are presented.
Download or read book Integrated LIDAR with Optical Phased Arrays in Silicon Photonics written by Christopher Vincent Poulton and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Light detection and ranging (LIDAR) has become an ubiquitous ranging technology. LIDAR systems are integral to almost all autonomous vehicles and robotics. Most LIDAR systems today use discrete free-space optical components and utilize a mechanical apparatus for beam steering. Apart from the relative high cost of the system, this mechanical apparatus limits the scan rate of the LIDAR system while increasing both size and complexity. This leads to concerns about long-term reliability, especially in harsh environments. In this thesis, the design and experimental results of an integrated chip-scale frequency-modulated continuous-wave LIDAR system are presented. This system has the capability of measuring both distance and velocity simultaneously with a 20mm resolution and a 2m range. Its functionality is then extended by utilizing optical phased arrays as a transmitter and receiver for solid-state beam steering. The phased array utilized has a grouped cascaded phase shifter architecture and is shown to have a steering range of 46°x36°. This is the first integrated coherent LIDAR system based on optical phased arrays. In order to have a viable LIDAR system with optical phased arrays, high beam powers and large aperture sizes are needed. A silicon nitride distribution network is used to enable high on-chip power because of the low material nonlinearities. An ultra-high main beam power of 520mW is reported. A phased array is demonstrated with an ultra-large aperture size of 4x4mm2, achieving a record-small and near diffraction limited spot size of 0.021°x0.021° with a side lobe suppression of 10 dB. This is the largest optical phased array to date by an order of magnitude and shows the scalability of optical phased arrays. Finally, an optical phased array at a visible wavelength of 635nm is shown with an aperture size of 0.5x0.5mm2 and a spot size of 0.064°x0.074°. This demonstration moves large-scale integrated photonics into the visible spectrum and has potential applications in bathymetric LIDAR.
Download or read book Integrated Silicon Photonic Optical Phased Array for Free space Optical Interconnect written by Francis A. Smith and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 135 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Integrated optical phased arrays (OPAs) are rapidly becoming one of the most promising technologies for future light detection and ranging (LIDAR) applications, thanks to their advantages in size, weight, and power consumption as compared to conventional solutions. Large-scale OPAs can leverage high integration densities of electronic-photonic integrated circuit technology to generate finer beamwidth, better beamsteering control, and higher optical power. Free-space optical interconnects (FSOI) are emerging as an attractive alternative to planar electrical interconnects for inter- and intra-chip data communications. By leveraging the third dimension above the chip surface, FSOI solutions can offer higher bandwidth density compared to on-chip, waveguide-based solutions. Through 3-D integration, low cost, CMOS-compatible, silicon photonic FSOI systems for high performance data center communications are within reach. The versatility of integrated OPAs can address the accurate alignment requirements of such systems to ensure robust link performance. At optical frequencies, the conventional design of phased arrays relies on the Finite-Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method. The FDTD method explicitly calculates the evolution of the array pattern from a finely discretized spatial representation of the entire array over a short time scale. Thus, computation accuracy is directly traded for simulation time. In addition, the modeling techniques to manage this tradeoff do not accommodate asymmetric arrays or allow array analysis at the system level. In this work, I present an OPA circuit design based on the synthesis method, which significantly relaxes the computational cost, time, and accuracy tradeoffs of OPA design at optical frequencies by using the radiation pattern of a single emitter element to synthesize that of the whole array. Instead of modeling an entire emitter array using the FDTD method, the synthesis approach requires only a single emitter to be simulated using 3-D FDTD. A design flow based on phased array synthesis allows accurate and robust modeling of arbitrary 1-D and 2-D OPAs, and enables optimization of device parameters and array coefficients across the device and system levels. OPAs serving FSOI and LIDAR applications require scalable architectures, and full phase control for 2-D, grating-lobe free beamsteering. 2-D phased array beamsteering can be efficiently achieved with 2-D apertures. However, significant design challenges emerge when 2-D apertures are scaled. The number of individually addressable emitters within a 2-D aperture is limited by the number of waveguides that can be interwoven between the emitters. As the emitter pitch is increased to accommodate the waveguides, the grating lobe pitch decreases, and the field-of-view of the array is reduced. Furthermore, independent phase control of each emitter is necessary to maximize beamsteering range. For each emitter, a corresponding phase shifter is required. Thus, power consumption scales with the number of emitters within the aperture. A non-uniform distribution of emitters in a sparse array configuration can relax the design tradeoffs of scaling a 2-D aperture. In an optimized sparse array, the beamforming performance of the uniform array is preserved with significantly fewer emitters. Thus, fewer phase shifters are required and beamsteering power consumption is reduced. However, there is no closed-form solution to guide the optimization of a 2-D sparse aperture. Conventional sparse aperture design relies on the genetic algorithm. The genetic algorithm numerically emulates the evolutionary behaviors of DNA: mutation, crossover, and natural selection. For large apertures at optical frequencies, the genetic algorithm quickly becomes computationally prohibitive when compounded with hundreds to thousands of iterations. In addition, the optimized layout of emitters follows the uniform grid of the reference array. Arrays with a non-grid geometry may possess desirable pattern properties. However, these potential solutions lie outside the solution space and are treated as outliers by the genetic algorithm. The phased array synthesis design flow is used to develop a new technique for sparse OPA design by layout-constrained, array factor (LCAF) optimization. Instead of evaluating a large set of potential solutions, the LCAF method reduces the sparse optimization problem to three fundamental arrays, and leverages a triangular array geometry to achieve a scalable OPA aperture. The triangular array is distributed in a diagonally asymmetric configuration to increase waveguide routing area, and preserve the beamforming properties of an equivalent dense array. This diagonally asymmetric array geometry is designed to potentially increase orthogonal free-space optical beam steering range compared to conventional rectangular grid OPA geometries. The synthesis method is used to develop an OPA chip prototype in a standard silicon photonic technology. A technique is developed to leverage the natural static bias of the optical waveguide channels to reduce the power required for beamsteering control. Further, multi-function optical beam control is explored through subarray beam splitting. The fabricated chip prototype is packaged and tested in a custom free-space imaging test bench. A closed-loop, component-to-system optimization is used in both circuit design and testing. The measured beamwidth of the sparse OPA is 2.13 degrees in phi and 0.67 degrees in theta. The measured grating lobe free beamsteering range in phi is 20 degrees, and in theta is 24 degrees. The measurement results agree with the simulations and are successfully verified by the design"--Pages x-xii
Download or read book Integrated Optical Phased Arrays for Three dimensional Display Applications written by Manan Raval and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The compatibility of silicon photonic platforms with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication processes has facilitated a surge in the development of silicon-based integrated optical phased arrays (OPAs) for light detection and ranging (LiDAR) and free-space communications. However, silicon is limited to operating at infrared wavelengths since its bandgap prevents visible light transmission. The development of integrated OPAs for arbitrary complex wavefront synthesis in the visible spectrum would enable the expansion of this technology into a multitude of new applications spaces such as optical trapping, imaging through scattering media, underwater LiDAR, optogenetic stimulation, and three-dimensional (3D) displays. Silicon nitride, a CMOS-compatible material that is transparent in the visible spectrum, may be used as the waveguiding material in phased array systems designed for the above applications. In this work, we develop large-scale visible light integrated OPA systems fabricated in a silicon-nitride-based platform for 3D display applications. We begin by presenting the first demonstrations of visible light integrated OPAs. Building on this, we demonstrate a chip-scale architecture for autostereoscopic image projection using a system of multiple integrated OPAs to reconstruct virtual light fields. Specically, we generate a static virtual 3D image with horizontal parallax and a viewing angle of 5. Next, we present an architecture for realizing a transparent near-eye direct-view augmented/mixed reality (AR/MR) display using a system of integrated OPAs to directly project holographic images onto the user's retina. This display architecture was developed to address the deficiencies in current AR/MR headsets with respect to brightness, field of view (FOV), and the vergence-accommodation conflict, which causes eye fatigue. Here, we present a passive demonstration of the display as well as a number of key photonic components required to realize a system for 3D video.
Download or read book Optical Phased Array for Lidar Systems at Blue Wavelengths written by Long H. Nguyen and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Optical Phased Array has become a popular solution for light detection and ranging (lidar) due to its compact size, steering ability without physical moving parts, and integration with conventional CMOS manufacturing processes. With the rising demand in advanced driver assistance systems (ADAS) and surveying in agriculture and oceanography industries, there is a need for a durable, high performing, and integrable lidar module. For that, a suitable integrated OPA is required to carry sufficient power and have large steering angle at a particular wavelength range. This thesis is specifically focused on blue wavelengths for use in applications such as augmented/virtual reality, displays, oceanography, atmospheric sensing, and quantum information systems based on atoms/ions. The steering angle of a OPA depends heavily on the distribution of emitters. Ideally, the OPA can steer 180 degrees when the spacing of the array elements are exactly a half wavelength apart. However, at this spacing, fabrication and crosstalk between waveguides become a major issue. Consequently, the emitters must be spaced farther apart, reducing the steering angle due to the creation of side-lobes. To address this challenge, in this work, we present and demonstrate OPAs that utilize non-periodic element spacings. Specifically, we investigated emitters that are distributed using a Golomb ruler or with random distributions. We were able to achieve a large steering angle at a blue wavelength (450nm) without any emitters at a half-wavelength spacing. We also demonstrate that by varying the widths of the waveguides, crosstalk can be significantly reduced. These methods could be applied to other wavelengths to increase the OPA performance and robustness."--Abstract.
Download or read book LiDAR Principles Processing and Applications in Forest Ecology written by Qinghua Guo and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2023-03-10 with total page 510 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: LiDAR Principles, Processing and Applications in Forest Ecology introduces the principles of LiDAR technology and explains how to collect and process LiDAR data from different platforms based on real-world experience. The book provides state-of the-art algorithms on how to extract forest parameters from LiDAR and explains how to use them in forest ecology. It gives an interdisciplinary view, from the perspective of remote sensing and forest ecology. Because LiDAR is still rapidly developing, researchers must use programming languages to understand and process LiDAR data instead of established software. In response, this book provides Python code examples and sample data. Sections give a brief history and introduce the principles of LiDAR, as well as three commonly seen LiDAR platforms. The book lays out step-by-step coverage of LiDAR data processing and forest structure parameter extraction, complete with Python examples. Given the increasing usefulness of LiDAR in forest ecology, this volume represents an important resource for researchers, students and forest managers to better understand LiDAR technology and its use in forest ecology across the world. The title contains over 15 years of research, as well as contributions from scientists across the world. Presents LiDAR applications for forest ecology based in real-world experience Lays out the principles of LiDAR technology in forest ecology in a systematic and clear way Provides readers with state-of the-art algorithms on how to extract forest parameters from LiDAR Offers Python code examples and sample data to assist researchers in understanding and processing LiDAR data Contains over 15 years of research on LiDAR in forest ecology and contributions from scientists working in this field across the world
Download or read book Silicon rich Silicon Nitride SRN for Integrated Photonics and Thermo optic Applications written by Hani Nejadriahi and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is important to note that current LIDAR systems rely on rotating the device to scan the field of view in one dimension. Although mechanical rotations allow for a full 360 degrees scan, it requires bulky apparatus that are not so robust to vibrations and harsh environments. Thus, the need for compact, low cost and small-scale solid-state LIDAR is evermore increasing. Silicon photonics seems to be a viable solution for the future of on-chip communication. The advancements in silicon photonics, and CMOS compatible foundries, allow for the fabrication of the next generation of miniaturized optical components and photonic integrated circuits i.e., phased arrays. Silicon photonics has been at the forefront of optical communications and the next generation of optical transceivers. As a result, there has been also some development in the optical phased arrays. Phased arrays are antenna-based devices whereby controlling the phase and amplitude of each individual antenna and due to the interference between them, one can generate an arbitrary emitted pattern. Radio frequency based phased arrays have long been in use for decades and are a big part of data communication. They are considered the "de facto" way to do solid-state electronic beam steering for many RADAR systems. However, devices used for the optical phased arrays offer high pointing accuracy and resolution in a smaller size compared to the radio frequencies due to the much shorter wavelength of light. Despite its immense potentials optical phased arrays have yet to become a commercial product. Part of the reason for that has been the lack of an ideal platform. Existing optical phased arrays are mostly based on silicon and stoichiometric silicon nitride. Although they can be each be useful for specific applications however, they have some drawbacks. First, stoichiometric silicon nitride due to its lower index and thermo-optic coefficient at the telecom wavelengths, it lacks an efficient phase tuning mechanism. Additionally, the waveguiding structure needs to be larger to have a more confined optical mode which makes the footprint and scaling in the system an issue. On another note, silicon based optical phased arrays are not ideal for high-power operation. Due to the losses in the system and the presence of grating lobes, the system requires a greater amount of input power to achieve a given output power. However, this also increases the chance of damage at the input (nonlinear optical losses), where the power is the highest. This is due to the high two/multi-photon absorption coefficient present in silicon. As such, we are proposing a new platform with our high index plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposited (PECVD) silicon-rich silicon nitride where the positive attributes of both silicon and stoichiometric silicon nitride are combined. The objective of this thesis is to provide a systematic approach towards the development of a novel CMOS compatible platform (high index silicon-rich silicon nitride) which can be an ideal alternative to the existing platform used for OPAs utilizing the thermo-optic effect. We provide a systematic approach towards the development and the enhancement of PECVD deposited silicon nitride's thermo-optic coefficient as a function the deposition parameters and the silicon content. The ratio of the Si/N is adjusted by changing the ratio of the precursor gases used during the deposition (SiH4/N2). We achieve a wide range of linear refractive indices (1.92-3.1 measured at [lambda] = 1550 nm). We show that highly silicon-rich silicon nitride films with index n>3 possess a much larger transparency window extending to the telecom wavelengths while maintaining low loss optical waveguiding in the C-band. We further show that thermo-optic coefficient of our highest index nitride film with n = 3.1 is (1.65 x 10-4 K-1) which is very close to that of crystalline silicon. We then utilized this high index film with a high thermo-optic coefficient to design, fabricate, and characterize photonic integrated circuits that could potentially be used for a phased array system. The cascaded and compact splitters: y-branch and multi-mode interference coupler for splitting the laser beam onto the chip, multimode interferometric switch for amplitude control, thermo-optic phase shifter for phase tuning the antennas, compact bends in single and multi-mode waveguides implemented in the switch and the phase shifter, and the beta mismatched closely spaced waveguides for creating a phase difference between them to avoid coupling in the near-field (even when their evanescent fields overlap). Finally, we were able to fully integrate and experimentally demonstrate an SRN based end-fire facet optical phased array with 16 elements at [lambda]/2 spacing (775 nm) that has a spot size of about 6 degrees at boresight (0 degrees). The wide steering range is close to a full 120 degrees with one dimensional field of view. The high beam quality in our system is due to a) our compact and efficient phase shifter design which allow for localized heating with negligible crosstalk, b) along with the phase mismatched for the closely spaced waveguides antennas. Such system can be scaled and used for the next generation of LiDAR applications.
Download or read book Photonics Volume 3 written by David L. Andrews and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-27 with total page 542 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses the basic physical principles underlying the technology instrumentation of photonics This volume discusses photonics technology and instrumentation. The topics discussed in this volume are: Communication Networks; Data Buffers; Defense and Security Applications; Detectors; Fiber Optics and Amplifiers; Green Photonics; Instrumentation and Metrology; Interferometers; Light-Harvesting Materials; Logic Devices; Optical Communications; Remote Sensing; Solar Energy; Solid-State Lighting; Wavelength Conversion Comprehensive and accessible coverage of the whole of modern photonics Emphasizes processes and applications that specifically exploit photon attributes of light Deals with the rapidly advancing area of modern optics Chapters are written by top scientists in their field Written for the graduate level student in physical sciences; Industrial and academic researchers in photonics, graduate students in the area; College lecturers, educators, policymakers, consultants, Scientific and technical libraries, government laboratories, NIH.
Download or read book Phased Array Based Systems and Applications written by Nicholas Fourikis and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1997-02-21 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to state-of-the-art phased array-basedsystems and applications First developed in 1937 to help improve communication links betweenthe United States and the United Kingdom, phased arrays haveevolved far beyond their original purpose. In addition to theirvalue in radio communications, phased arrays are now a vitalcomponent in national defense, space exploration, astronomy, andelectronic warfare. Phased Array-Based Systems and Applications was written forresearchers and engineers with a professional interest in phasedarray-based systems. Timely, authoritative, and comprehensive, itdiscusses the most current uses of phased arrays (operating at cmand mm wavelengths) in radar, radio astronomy, remote sensing,electronic warfare, spectrum surveillance, and communications. Thisexploration of systems that share the same principles and performsimilar functions helps phased array users in all these fieldslearn more about the systems and applications in which theyspecialize. More important, the complementary nature of a varietyof sensors is emphasized throughout the book. While his consistent focus is on practical applications, the authoralso provides generous coverage of basic theoretical principles tohelp readers understand the systems trade-offs made in the designof various phased arrays. An indispensable professional resource for radar and antennaengineers, Phased Array-Based Systems and Applications is also asuperior graduate-level text for students in these fields.
Download or read book Photonics for Technology written by Scott Alexander Skirlo and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis focuses on a wide range of contemporary topics in modern electromagnetics and technology including topologically protected one-way modes, integrated photonic LIDAR, and optical neural networks. First, we numerically investigate large Chern numbers in photonic crystals and explore their origin from simultaneously gapping multiple band degeneracies. Following this, we perform microwave transmission measurements in the bulk and at the edge of ferrimagnetic photonic crystals. Bandgaps with large Chern numbers of 2, 3, and 4 are present in the experimental results 'which show excellent agreement with theory. We measure the mode profiles and Fourier transform them to produce dispersion relations of the edge modes, whose number and direction match our Chern number calculations. We use these waveguides to realize reflectionless power splitters and outline their application to general one-way circuits. Next we create a new chip-scale LIDAR architecture in analogy to planar RF lenses. Instead of relying upon many continuously tuned thermal phase shifters to implement nonmechanical beam steering, we use aplanatic lenses excited in their focal plane feeding ID gratings to generate discrete beams. We design devices which support up to 128 resolvable points in-plane and 80 resolvable points out-of-plane, which are currently being fabricated and tested. These devices have many advantages over conventional optical phased arrays including greatly increased optical output power and decreased electrical power for in-plane beamforming. Finally we explore a new approach for implementing convolutional neural networks through an integrated photonics circuit consisting of Mach-Zehnder Interferometers, optical delay lines, and optical nonlinearity units. This new platform, should be able to perform the order of a thousand inferences per second, at [mu]J power levels per inference, with the nearest state of the art ASIC and GPU competitors operating 30 times slower and requiring three orders of magnitude more power.
Download or read book MEMS Mirrors written by Huikai Xie and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "MEMS Mirrors" that was published in Micromachines
Download or read book Integrated Nanophotonics written by Peng Yu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated Nanophotonics Helps readers understand the important advances in nanophotonics materials development and their latest applications This book introduces the current state of and emerging trends in the development of integrated nanophotonics. Written by three well-qualified authors, it systematically reviews the knowledge of integrated nanophotonics from theory to the most recent technological developments. It also covers the applications of integrated nanophotonics in essential areas such as neuromorphic computing, biosensing, and optical communications. Lastly, it brings together the latest advancements in the key principles of photonic integrated circuits, plus the recent advances in tackling the barriers in photonic integrated circuits. Sample topics included in this comprehensive resource include: Platforms for integrated nanophotonics, including lithium niobate nanophotonics, indium phosphide nanophotonics, silicon nanophotonics, and nonlinear optics for integrated photonics The devices and technologies for integrated nanophotonics in on-chip light sources, optical packaging of photonic integrated circuits, optical interconnects, and light processing devices Applications on neuromorphic computing, biosensing, LIDAR, and computing for AI and artificial neural network and deep learning Materials scientists, physicists, and physical chemists can use this book to understand the totality of cutting-edge theory, research, and applications in the field of integrated nanophotonics.
Download or read book Nanoplasmonics written by Carlos J. Bueno-Alejo and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-04-22 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last few years, nanomaterials have attracted the attention of the scientific community due to their extraordinary and unique properties. Their small size, and the distinctive features that come with it, makes these materials very attractive for use in different important fields like biomedicine, sensors, or catalysis. One of the most important properties of these materials is their interaction with light and is called surface plasmon resonance. It is a phenomenon that happens on the surface of certain nanomaterials that confers them with unique properties. This remarkable characteristic has opened a whole new field called nanoplasmonics that is acquiring more and more importance among the scientific community. This book aims to review the state of the art in this new field and provide the reader with a wide overview of the new nanomaterials available and their current and future applications.
Download or read book LiDAR Technologies and Systems written by Paul F. McManamon and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "LiDAR technology and Systems is a tutorial book, covering LiDAR Technology. The introduction sets lidar in context, as one of many sensor technologies utilizing electro-magnetic radiation. LiDAR is in the optical and infrared wavelengths, and it is an active sensor, which collects reflected EM radiation. It is similar to more familiar passive EO/IR sensors in wavelength, and similar to radar in that it uses reflected radiation emitted by the sensor. The second chapter goes the > 50 years of lidar history. Chapter 3 covers the link budget - how much signal a LiDAR must emit in order to get a certain number of reflected photons back. Chapter 4 discusses the rich phenomenology of LiDAR. One of the strengths of LiDAR is its' diverse phenomenology's. As a result, there are many flavors of LiDAR. The most common is 3D imaging, but there are many other types of lidars, with different measurement objectives. The next 4 chapters discuss components of a LiDAR. Chapter 5 discusses laser sources, chapter 6 LiDAR receivers, chapter 7 beam steering approaches, and chapter 8 LiDAR processing. The last 3 chapters are testing, metrics, and applications. Chapter 11, the applications chapter, picks 4 popular applications and discusses these LiDARs, and how to build them, for these applications. Chapter 11 as a result will repeats some information in earlier chapters, but in the context of a particular application"--
Download or read book Space based Lidar Remote Sensing Techniques and Emerging Technologies written by Upendra N. Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Indoor Infrared Optical Wireless Communications written by Ke Wang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-12-23 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims to give an overview of recent developments in indoor near-infrared optical wireless communication technologies and systems, including basic theories, operating fundamentals, system architectures, modelling, experimental demonstrations, advanced techniques, and most recently, the research efforts towards integrations. Both line-of-sight and diffusive-signals-based options will be reviewed, to provide readers a complete picture about this rapidly developing area, which targets the provision of high-speed wireless connectivity to end- users in indoor environments, such as offices, homes and shopping centres, to satisfy the growing high-speed communication requirement. Provides a systematic approach for the fundamentals of indoor optical wireless communications. Provides an overview of recent developments in indoor infrared optical wireless communications, including theoretical fundamentals. Examines system architectures, modelling, experimental demonstrations, and the research efforts towards integrations. Dr. Ke Wang is an Australian Research Council (ARC) DECRA Fellow and a senior lecturer in the School of Engineering, Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT University), VIC, Australia. He worked with the University of Melbourne, Australia, and Stanford University, California, before joining RMIT University. He has published over 110 peer-reviewed papers in top journals and leading international conferences, including over 20 invited papers. He has been awarded several prestigious national and international awards as recognition of research contributions, such as the Victoria Fellowship, the AIPS Young Tall Poppy Science Award, and the Marconi Society Paul Baran Young Scholar Award. His major areas of interest include: silicon photonics integration, opto-electronics integrated devices and circuits, nanophotonics, optical wireless technology for short-range applications, quasi-passive reconfigurable devices and applications and optical interconnects in data -centres and high-performance computing.
