Download or read book Insurgent Collective Action and Civil War in El Salvador written by Elisabeth Jean Wood and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-08-04 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Table of contents

Download or read book The Emergence of Insurgency in El Salvador written by Yvon Grenier and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Grenier offers a better understanding of the causes of revolution in El Salvador through an analysis of the central role of ideas and ideologues. The insurgency was not merely the charismatic embodiment of structurally determined processes, as it is commonly suggested, it was the expression of a distinct and forceful political will. The focus is placed on the period of emergence of insurgency (roughly, the 1970s and early 1980s), a period too often confounded (and not only in the Salvadoran case) with subsequent periods of the revolutionary cycle.

Download or read book After Insurgency written by Ralph Sprenkels and published by University of Notre Dame Pess. This book was released on 2018-04-30 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El Salvador’s 2009 presidential elections marked a historical feat: Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN) became the first former Latin American guerrilla movement to win the ballot after failing to take power by means of armed struggle. In 2014, former comandante Salvador Sánchez Cerén became the country’s second FMLN president. After Insurgency focuses on the development of El Salvador’s FMLN from armed insurgency to a competitive political party. At the end of the war in 1992, the historical ties between insurgent veterans enabled the FMLN to reconvert into a relatively effective electoral machine. However, these same ties also fueled factional dispute and clientelism. Drawing on in-depth ethnographic fieldwork, Ralph Sprenkels examines El Salvador’s revolutionary movement as a social field, developing an innovative theoretical and methodological approach to the study of insurgent movements in general and their aftermath in particular, while weaving in the personal stories of former revolutionaries with a larger historical study of the civil war and of the transformation process of wartime forces into postwar political contenders. This allows Sprenkels to shed new light on insurgency’s persistent legacies, both for those involved as well as for Salvadoran politics at large. In documenting the shift from armed struggle to electoral politics, the book adds to ongoing debates about contemporary Latin America politics, the “pink tide,” and post-neoliberal electoralism. It also charts new avenues in the study of insurgency and its aftermath.

Download or read book A Strategic View of Insurgencies written by Max G. Manwaring and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1990 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book El Salvador in the Eighties written by Mario Lungo and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Views Salvadoran insurgency of 1980s as 'negotiated revolution,' with adaptation and innovation more important than ideology to left's successes. Presents nuanced history of changes over time in positions of both FMLN and government-US bloc, especially ARENA, and two sides' eventual mutual approximation"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 58.

Download or read book El Salvador written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Violence in Counterinsurgency The Case of El Salvador written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El Salvador's civil war is a case where domestic government response took generally repressive measures to quell an insurrection, unlike the United States' preferred solution to counterinsurgency, and provides a good case study comparing the levels and types of violence used by insurgents, domestic government, and interventionist forces. The civil war in EI Salvador (1980 - 1992) is a case where an estimated 75,000 people died during the conflict, most were non-combatants. While any war can create immense casualties, that the Salvadorans suffered at the hands of their own marks a departure from the expected actions of a military operating within its own country. Several reasons for increased domestic repression in counterinsurgency arise. Prominent among these is the perceived social contract between the state and the people in which the insurgency constitutes a violation of the covenant formed in the state-versus-governed relationship. Barbarism, indiscriminate violence, and intimate violence permeate in a failed government such as was discovered in EI Salvador's civil war. Finally, the Salvadoran government's lack of control over the military failed to curb massive non-combatant killings, which occurred mostly at the hands of the Salvadoran Armed Forces, not the insurgents. The United States found itself in a conundrum of supporting the repressive government in the name of the Cold War, but faced allegations that it was supporting a regime known for its human rights abuses. Unlike its experience in Vietnam, the United States only resorted to diplomatic and economic measures as a means to curb the Farabundo Martf Liberation Front. Failing to enforce some fundamentals of counterinsurgency and allowing the Salvadoran military to operate unobserved contributed to prolonging both the wrongful violence and the insurgency.

Download or read book Communist Interference in El Salvador written by and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book American Counterinsurgency Doctrine and El Salvador written by Benjamin C. Schwarz and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report assesses the political and social dimensions of American counterinsurgency policy in El Salvador. It attempts to explain why low-intensity-conflict doctrine has not produced the desired results and to reassess that doctrine's future utility. The author's appraisal of U.S. involvement in El Salvador leads him to conclude that there is a vast disparity between U.S. objectives and achievements there. For a decade, U.S. policy toward El Salvador tried to synthesize liberal and conservative aims: foster political, social, and economic reform, and provide security to a country whose freedom from communism the United States deemed essential. In attempting to reconcile these objectives, however, the United States pursued a policy that used means unsettling to itself, for ends humiliating to the Salvadorans, and at a cost disproportionate to any conventional conception of the national interest.

Download or read book El Salvador at War written by Max G. Manwaring and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Salvador Option written by Russell Crandall and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-05-23 with total page 719 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a thorough and fair-minded interpretation of the role of the United States in El Salvador's civil war.

Download or read book Insurgency in El Salvador written by William Allen Parker and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Forging Democracy from Below written by Elisabeth Jean Wood and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-10-30 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, first published in 2000, analyzes the role of economically marginalized people in recent transitions to democratic rule.

Download or read book El Salvador written by U S Government Accountability Office (G and published by BiblioGov. This book was released on 2013-07 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pursuant to a congressional request, GAO reviewed the impact of U.S. military assistance to El Salvador, focusing on El Salvador's: (1) ability to counter insurgent forces; (2) military capabilities; and (3) attempts to instill and support respect for democracy and human rights. GAO found that: (1) military victory eluded the Salvadoran government, since the insurgents continued to have sufficient strength and logistical support to attack economic infrastructure and military targets; (2) Salvadoran force operations were constrained, since two-thirds of the armed forces were needed to guard military installations and economic targets, and the majority of soldiers were young and inexperienced; (3) progress in negotiations between the government and the insurgents was limited to the establishment of an agenda and the signing of a human rights agreement; (4) since 1980, U.S. equipment, supplies, training, and services have improved and sustained the military capabilities of Salvadoran forces; (5) despite improvements in military capabilities, such problems as lack of coordination, poor planning, and leadership problems reduced military effectiveness; (6) problems replacing and repairing damaged and obsolete donated U.S. equipment contributed to El Salvador's difficulty in maintaining all levels of equipment; (7) although U.S. influence helped promote respect for human rights and democracy, it was unable to stop serious human rights violations; (8) the Salvadoran military promoted a greater awareness and observance of international human rights standards by providing human rights training to military personnel and establishing a human rights office; and (9) statistics indicated a decrease in political violence committed against civilians.

Download or read book Broadcasting the Civil War in El Salvador written by Carlos Henriquez Consalvi and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2010-08-01 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 1980s war in El Salvador, Radio Venceremos was the main news outlet for the Frente Farabundo Martí para la Liberación Nacional (FMLN), the guerrilla organization that challenged the government. The broadcast provided a vital link between combatants in the mountains and the outside world, as well as an alternative to mainstream media reporting. In this first-person account, "Santiago," the legend behind Radio Venceremos, tells the story of the early years of that conflict, a rebellion of poor peasants against the Salvadoran government and its benefactor, the United States. Originally published as La Terquedad del Izote, this memoir also addresses the broader story of a nationwide rebellion and its international context, particularly the intensifying Cold War and heavy U.S. involvement in it under President Reagan. By the war's end in 1992, more than 75,000 were dead and 350,000 wounded—in a country the size of Massachusetts. Although outnumbered and outfinanced, the rebels fought the Salvadoran Army to a draw and brought enough bargaining power to the negotiating table to achieve some of their key objectives, including democratic reforms and an overhaul of the security forces. Broadcasting the Civil War in El Salvador is a riveting account from the rebels' point of view that lends immediacy to the Salvadoran conflict. It should appeal to all who are interested in historic memory and human rights, U.S. policy toward Central America, and the role the media can play in wartime.

Download or read book El Salvador written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book War in El Salvador The Policies of President Reagan and The Lessons Learned for Today written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the Monroe Doctrine, the United States has maintained a substantial interest and influence throughout the Western hemisphere. The United States concern in Central America drastically increased during the 1980s due to the Marxist coup in Nicaragua and a communist insurgency in El Salvador. After the 1980 election of President Ronald Reagan, a strong anticommunist, the United States foreign policy in El Salvador was often scrutinized and controversial. In El Salvador, the Reagan administration sought to defeat the communist insurgents, while establishing a democratic government. The Reagan policy of strong political, economic, and military support toward El Salvador assisted in the defeat of the Marxist guerrilla insurgency and allowed for Salvadoran democratic institutions to take root. The United States should utilize these successes and achievements and apply them toward the current U.S. war on terrorism, specifically in the countries of Columbia, the Philippines, and Afghanistan. In this paper, I will first develop a brief history of El Salvador. Next, I will describe the political situation in El Salvador and its relation to American political assistance during the 1980s war against the Marxist rebels. In the third section, I will analyze El Salvador's economy and American economic aid and show how it supported the counterinsurgency. I will then discuss the military situation in El Salvador and American military support in defeating the Marxist rebels. I will offer some concluding remarks showing how the Reagan policy helped to form a successful outcome to the war against the insurgents. Finally, I will analyze the lessons from the war in El Salvador and apply them to today's war on terrorism.