Download or read book Caffeine in Food and Dietary Supplements written by Leslie A. Pray and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Caffeine in Food and Dietary Supplements is the summary of a workshop convened by the Institute of Medicine in August 2013 to review the available science on safe levels of caffeine consumption in foods, beverages, and dietary supplements and to identify data gaps. Scientists with expertise in food safety, nutrition, pharmacology, psychology, toxicology, and related disciplines; medical professionals with pediatric and adult patient experience in cardiology, neurology, and psychiatry; public health professionals; food industry representatives; regulatory experts; and consumer advocates discussed the safety of caffeine in food and dietary supplements, including, but not limited to, caffeinated beverage products, and identified data gaps. Caffeine, a central nervous stimulant, is arguably the most frequently ingested pharmacologically active substance in the world. Occurring naturally in more than 60 plants, including coffee beans, tea leaves, cola nuts and cocoa pods, caffeine has been part of innumerable cultures for centuries. But the caffeine-in-food landscape is changing. There are an array of new caffeine-containing energy products, from waffles to sunflower seeds, jelly beans to syrup, even bottled water, entering the marketplace. Years of scientific research have shown that moderate consumption by healthy adults of products containing naturally-occurring caffeine is not associated with adverse health effects. The changing caffeine landscape raises concerns about safety and whether any of these new products might be targeting populations not normally associated with caffeine consumption, namely children and adolescents, and whether caffeine poses a greater health risk to those populations than it does for healthy adults. This report delineates vulnerable populations who may be at risk from caffeine exposure; describes caffeine exposure and risk of cardiovascular and other health effects on vulnerable populations, including additive effects with other ingredients and effects related to pre-existing conditions; explores safe caffeine exposure levels for general and vulnerable populations; and identifies data gaps on caffeine stimulant effects.

Download or read book Food Components to Enhance Performance written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The physiological or psychological stresses that employees bring to their workplace affect not only their own performance but that of their co-workers and others. These stresses are often compounded by those of the job itself. Medical personnel, firefighters, police, and military personnel in combat settingsâ€"among othersâ€"experience highly unpredictable timing and types of stressors. This book reviews and comments on the performance-enhancing potential of specific food components. It reflects the views of military and non-military scientists from such fields as neuroscience, nutrition, physiology, various medical specialties, and performance psychology on the most up-to-date research available on physical and mental performance enhancement in stressful conditions. Although placed within the context of military tasks, the volume will have wide-reaching implications for individuals in any job setting.

Download or read book The Effective Clinical Neurologist written by Louis R. Caplan and published by PMPH-USA. This book was released on 2010-10 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Effective Clinical Neurologist presents the most systematic guide available for the doctor or medical student learning the art of the neurological examination and treatment. The patient-centered method is presented in logical steps, walking the reader through the process in a clear and detailed, yet personal style. The authors begin by placing neurological medicine in its current cultural and economic environment and progress to presenting the specific process of interacting with the patient.This book is the only guide to the art of achieving optimal doctor-patient interaction and communication, which are essential to the practicing neurologist. The third edition of this classic reference is fully updated to include the impact of electronic communication and to incorporate the many technological advances that can be applied to the neurological evaluation. Other changes in the environment in which the clinician practices include the changes in procedure brought about by managed care. This edition is organized into four parts, beginning with a section on the clinician-neurologist and the scope, methods, and uniqueness of this area of medicine. Part II focuses on the patient encounter - the taking of a history, systemic and neurological examination, interpretation of tests, giving the patient information, and conducting the "dismissal interview." Case examples illustrate the methods discussed. Part III presents the various types of encounters that occur, including those that involve inpatient care, outpatient care, consultations, and the inclusion of medical students and other trainees. Medico-legal aspects of neurological care are also presented. Part IV concludes with a summing up of the approach to patient care that is presented in the book and offers 10 Commandments of Doctoring.

Download or read book From Neuron to Cognition via Computational Neuroscience written by Michael A. Arbib and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-11-04 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive, integrated, and accessible textbook presenting core neuroscientific topics from a computational perspective, tracing a path from cells and circuits to behavior and cognition. This textbook presents a wide range of subjects in neuroscience from a computational perspective. It offers a comprehensive, integrated introduction to core topics, using computational tools to trace a path from neurons and circuits to behavior and cognition. Moreover, the chapters show how computational neuroscience—methods for modeling the causal interactions underlying neural systems—complements empirical research in advancing the understanding of brain and behavior. The chapters—all by leaders in the field, and carefully integrated by the editors—cover such subjects as action and motor control; neuroplasticity, neuromodulation, and reinforcement learning; vision; and language—the core of human cognition. The book can be used for advanced undergraduate or graduate level courses. It presents all necessary background in neuroscience beyond basic facts about neurons and synapses and general ideas about the structure and function of the human brain. Students should be familiar with differential equations and probability theory, and be able to pick up the basics of programming in MATLAB and/or Python. Slides, exercises, and other ancillary materials are freely available online, and many of the models described in the chapters are documented in the brain operation database, BODB (which is also described in a book chapter). Contributors Michael A. Arbib, Joseph Ayers, James Bednar, Andrej Bicanski, James J. Bonaiuto, Nicolas Brunel, Jean-Marie Cabelguen, Carmen Canavier, Angelo Cangelosi, Richard P. Cooper, Carlos R. Cortes, Nathaniel Daw, Paul Dean, Peter Ford Dominey, Pierre Enel, Jean-Marc Fellous, Stefano Fusi, Wulfram Gerstner, Frank Grasso, Jacqueline A. Griego, Ziad M. Hafed, Michael E. Hasselmo, Auke Ijspeert, Stephanie Jones, Daniel Kersten, Jeremie Knuesel, Owen Lewis, William W. Lytton, Tomaso Poggio, John Porrill, Tony J. Prescott, John Rinzel, Edmund Rolls, Jonathan Rubin, Nicolas Schweighofer, Mohamed A. Sherif, Malle A. Tagamets, Paul F. M. J. Verschure, Nathan Vierling-Claasen, Xiao-Jing Wang, Christopher Williams, Ransom Winder, Alan L. Yuille

Download or read book The Man Who Mistook His Wife For A Hat And Other Clinical Tales written by Oliver Sacks and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1998 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores neurological disorders and their effects upon the minds and lives of those affected with an entertaining voice.

Download or read book Coffee And Cannabis written by Pharmacology University and published by Pharmacology University. This book was released on 2021-12-04 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coffee represents a cultural movement that reached its peak during the first decade of the 2000s and reinvented itself in multiple opportunities to maintain its leading role in today's culture. These innovation processes have transformed coffee from a typical artisanal cup of dark, bitter, and hot liquid to a worldwide industry. Nowadays, coffee is usually mixed with spices, liquors, dairy products, and more. Coffee has taken its status as a social beverage to the next level and has made its way into international gastronomy. Although that classic cup of black coffee continues to be a sought-after item, in most establishments specializing in this beverage, a cup of coffee is a work of visual and gustatory art, made by professionals in the field, known as baristas. Coffee has become a powerful industry, and one of its most recent allies is cannabis. The Cannabis industry, on the other hand, has been present in the human culture for millennia, though it had an abrupt interruption at the beginning of the 20th century when classified as an illegal narcotic due to its psychoactive properties. With the availability of new medical research technologies and the progressive easing of use restrictions, both medicinal and recreational, the spotlight is on cannabis as a substance with multiple beneficial effects for health in general. However, this plant should be used with caution, given the absence of knowledge regarding its effects on our organism. Cannabis is on the rise due to its connection with industries such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and recently coffee. Cannabis coffee is a relatively recent topic. Socially speaking, there seems to be a great interest on the part of Cannabis consumers in incorporating the plant or its derivatives in multiple elements of everyday life, as part of meals and even in their morning coffee. However, despite the social interest in quickly adopting this fusion, scientifically, this is a much delicate subject. One of the main components of coffee is caffeine, which has also been cataloged as a psychoactive substance due to the stimulating effect it exerts on the central nervous system. Similarly, cannabinoids, the main chemical components of cannabis, also act on the nervous system, but produce slightly different effects, as both stimulants and depressants, which translates into states of euphoria or relaxation. Thus, the possible effects that the interaction between these two psychoactive substances may have on the organism is the subject of interest for many scientists, due to their presumed action on brain systems as memory and learning. In this book, we explore the link between cannabis and caffeine and those areas of the nervous system impacted by these substances, and the possible effects that could arise from their interaction in the body. Likewise, we will go through the benefits and risks that this combination could bring. Finally, you will learn some anecdotes from users and the homemade ways of preparing this combination of Cannabis and coffee. Join us to explore the exciting link between the two!

Download or read book The Alienist and Neurologist written by Charles Hamilton Hughes and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Pocket Neurology written by M. Brandon Westover and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2016-01-04 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by residents for residents, Pocket Neurology, 2nd Edition is your go-to resource for essential neurologic information in a high-yield, easy-to-use format. Concise and well organized, it provides must-know information on hospital- and clinic-based neurologic workup, diagnosis, and management. The second edition of this pocket-sized bestseller delivers highly relevant adult neurologic coverage in an easily portable source. Find what you need quickly and easily with concise text, numerous tables, and bulleted lists throughout. Progress logically from neurologic signs and symptoms to differential diagnosis, workup and diagnosis, assessment of risks and benefits of available treatments, to treatment and prognosis. Focus on the most important, highly relevant facts thanks to a, streamlined presentation that allows for more algorithms, tables, diagrams, and images. Stay up to date in every area of neurology with significantly revised chapters on stroke, epilepsy, dementia, and MS, and more drug dosing information regarding inpatient care. Consult this high-yield handbook by clinical presentation, such as coma, stroke, headaches, and seizures, or by special topic, such as neuroimaging, behavioral neurology, and sleep medicine. Learn from neurology residents and beginning neurology fellows in collaboration with attending neurologists at the Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Children’s Hospital Boston, and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.

Download or read book Heal Your Headache written by David Buchholz and published by Workman Publishing. This book was released on 2002-08-12 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on the breakthrough understanding that virtually all headaches are forms of migraine--because migraine is not a specific type of headache, but the built-in mechanism that causes headaches of all kinds, along with neck stiffness, sinus congestion, dizziness, and other problems--Dr. Buchholz's Heal Your Headache puts headache sufferers back in control of their lives with a simple, transforming program: Step 1: Avoid the "Quick Fix." Too often painkillers only make matters worse because of the crippling complication known as rebound. Step 2: Reduce Your Triggers. The crux of the program: a migraine diet that eliminates the foods that push headache sufferers over the top. Step 3: Raise Your Threshold. When diet and other lifestyle changes aren't enough, preventive medication can help stay the course. That's it: in three steps turn your headache problems around.

Download or read book Coffee in the Cereal written by Lorna J. Moorhead and published by Pathfinder Publishing, Inc.. This book was released on 2002 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rather than focusing on the sadness and difficulties that followed her diagnosis, Moorhead deals with the practical problems faced by many MS patients: how to parent effectively, stand up to doctors who think she looks 'fine', and what to do with the mixed bag of cognitive difficulties. Moorhead is a real-life person with real-life reactions to MS -- she fights back when people attack her for parking in the handicapped spot even though she looks normal and she faces life with humour that will lift the spirits and encourage others fighting the disease.

Download or read book The Man Who Tasted Words written by Dr. Guy Leschziner and published by St. Martin's Press. This book was released on 2022-02-22 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Man Who Tasted Words, Guy Leschziner leads readers through the senses and how, through them, our brain understands or misunderstands the world around us. Vision, hearing, taste, smell, and touch are what we rely on to perceive the reality of our world. Our senses are the conduits that bring us the scent of a freshly brewed cup of coffee or the notes of a favorite song suddenly playing on the radio. But are they really that reliable? The Man Who Tasted Words shows that what we perceive to be absolute truths of the world around us is actually a complex internal reconstruction by our minds and nervous systems. The translation into experiences with conscious meaning—the pattern of light and dark on the retina that is transformed into the face of a loved one, for instance—is a process that is invisible, undetected by ourselves and, in most cases, completely out of our control. In The Man Who Tasted Words, neurologist Guy Leschziner explores how our nervous systems define our worlds and how we can, in fact, be victims of falsehoods perpetrated by our own brains. In his moving and lyrical chronicles of lives turned upside down by a disruption in one or more of their five senses, he introduces readers to extraordinary individuals, like one man who actually “tasted” words, and shows us how sensory disruptions like that have played havoc, not only with their view of the world, but with their relationships as well. The cases Leschziner shares in The Man Who Tasted Words are extreme, but they are also human, and teach us how our lives and what we perceive as reality are both ultimately defined by the complexities of our nervous systems.

Download or read book Awakenings written by Oliver Sacks and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2013-05-29 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The classic account of survivors of the sleeping-sickness during the great epidemic just after World War I—and their return to the world after decades of “sleep.” • “One of the most beautifully composed and moving works of our time" (The Washington Post) from the distinguished neurologist and the national bestselling author of The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat. Awakenings—which inspired the major motion picture starring Robert DeNiro and Robin Williams—is the remarkable story of a group of patients who contracted sleeping-sickness during the great epidemic just after World War I. Frozen for decades in a trance-like state, these men and women were given up as hopeless until 1969, when Dr. Oliver Sacks gave them the then-new drug L-DOPA, which had an astonishing, explosive, "awakening" effect. Dr. Sacks recounts the moving case histories of his patients, their lives, and the extraordinary transformations which went with their reintroduction to a changed world.

Download or read book Brainstorm written by Suzanne O'Sullivan and published by Other Press, LLC. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A leading neurologist recounts some of her most astonishing and challenging cases, demonstrating how the study of epilepsy is critical to our understanding of the brain. A “brilliant . . . beautifully humane account” for readers of Oliver Sacks’ The Man Who Mistook His Wife for a Hat (Guardian, Best Books of the Year) Brainstorm follows the stories of people whose medical diagnoses are so strange even their doctor struggles to solve them: a man who sees cartoon characters running across the room; a girl whose world suddenly seems completely distorted, as though she were Alice in Wonderland; another who transforms into a ragdoll whenever she even thinks about moving. The brain is the most complex structure in the universe. Neurologists must puzzle out life-changing diagnoses from the tiniest of clues, the ultimate medical detective work. In this riveting book, Suzanne O’Sullivan takes you with her as she tracks the clues of her patients’ symptoms. It’s a journey that will open your eyes to the unfathomable intricacies of our brains and the infinite variety of human experience.

Download or read book The Beautiful Brain written by Larry W. Swanson and published by Abrams. This book was released on 2017-01-17 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At the crossroads of art and science, Beautiful Brain presents Nobel Laureate Santiago Ramón y Cajal’s contributions to neuroscience through his groundbreaking artistic brain imagery. Santiago Ramón y Cajal (1852–1934) was the father of modern neuroscience and an exceptional artist. He devoted his life to the anatomy of the brain, the body’s most complex and mysterious organ. His superhuman feats of visualization, based on fanatically precise techniques and countless hours at the microscope, resulted in some of the most remarkable illustrations in the history of science. Beautiful Brain presents a selection of his exquisite drawings of brain cells, brain regions, and neural circuits with accessible descriptive commentary. These drawings are explored from multiple perspectives: Larry W. Swanson describes Cajal’s contributions to neuroscience; Lyndel King and Eric Himmel explore his artistic roots and achievement; Eric A. Newman provides commentary on the drawings; and Janet M. Dubinsky describes contemporary neuroscience imaging techniques. This book is the companion to a traveling exhibition opening at the Weisman Art Museum in Minneapolis in February 2017, marking the first time that many of these works, which are housed at the Instituto Cajal in Madrid, have been seen outside of Spain. Beautiful Brain showcases Cajal’s contributions to neuroscience, explores his artistic roots and achievement, and looks at his work in relation to contemporary neuroscience imaging, appealing to general readers and professionals alike.

Download or read book NeuroLogic written by Eliezer Sternberg and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2016-01-12 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A groundbreaking investigation of the brain’s hidden logic behind our strangest behaviors, and of how conscious and unconscious systems interact in order to create our experience and preserve our sense of self. From bizarre dreams and hallucinations to schizophrenia and multiple personalities, the human brain is responsible for a diverse spectrum of strange thoughts and behaviors. When observed from the outside, these phenomena are often written off as being just “crazy,” but what if they were actually planned and logical? NeuroLogic explores the brain’s internal system of reasoning, from its unconscious depths to conscious decision making, and illuminates how it explains our most outlandish as well as our most stereotyped behaviors. From sleepwalking murderers, contagious yawning, and the brains of sports fans to false memories, subliminal messages, and the secret of ticklishness, Dr. Eliezer Sternberg shows that there are patterns to the way the brain interprets the world—–patterns that fit the brain’s unique logic. Unraveling these patterns and the various ways they can be disturbed will not only alter our view of mental illness and supernatural experience, but will also shed light on the hidden parts of ourselves. (With black-and-white illustrations throughout.)

Download or read book How Not to Die written by Michael Greger, M.D., FACLM and published by Flatiron Books. This book was released on 2015-12-08 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the physician behind the wildly popular NutritionFacts website, How Not to Die reveals the groundbreaking scientific evidence behind the only diet that can prevent and reverse many of the causes of disease-related death. The vast majority of premature deaths can be prevented through simple changes in diet and lifestyle. In How Not to Die, Dr. Michael Greger, the internationally-renowned nutrition expert, physician, and founder of NutritionFacts.org, examines the fifteen top causes of premature death in America-heart disease, various cancers, diabetes, Parkinson's, high blood pressure, and more-and explains how nutritional and lifestyle interventions can sometimes trump prescription pills and other pharmaceutical and surgical approaches, freeing us to live healthier lives. The simple truth is that most doctors are good at treating acute illnesses but bad at preventing chronic disease. The fifteen leading causes of death claim the lives of 1.6 million Americans annually. This doesn't have to be the case. By following Dr. Greger's advice, all of it backed up by strong scientific evidence, you will learn which foods to eat and which lifestyle changes to make to live longer. History of prostate cancer in your family? Put down that glass of milk and add flaxseed to your diet whenever you can. Have high blood pressure? Hibiscus tea can work better than a leading hypertensive drug-and without the side effects. Fighting off liver disease? Drinking coffee can reduce liver inflammation. Battling breast cancer? Consuming soy is associated with prolonged survival. Worried about heart disease (the number 1 killer in the United States)? Switch to a whole-food, plant-based diet, which has been repeatedly shown not just to prevent the disease but often stop it in its tracks. In addition to showing what to eat to help treat the top fifteen causes of death, How Not to Die includes Dr. Greger's Daily Dozen -a checklist of the twelve foods we should consume every day.Full of practical, actionable advice and surprising, cutting edge nutritional science, these doctor's orders are just what we need to live longer, healthier lives.

Download or read book Neurological Case Histories written by Sarah T Pendlebury and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-02-08 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of over 50 case histories of patients with predominantly acute neurological illness, with particular emphasis on conditions that present to physicians in both acute general (internal) medicine and neurology, including headache, encephalopathy and altered consciousness, behavioural disturbance, seizures and focal deficits. The majority of the cases have endocrine, vascular, infectious or metabolic aetiologies and include examples of common conditions presenting in unusual ways. The differential diagnosis in such cases is often broad but rapid diagnosis and treatment is often paramount. Each case is outlined in brief and is followed by several questions on clinically important aspects of the diagnosis and management. The answers are accompanied by a detailed discussion of the differential diagnosis, together with other clinically important aspects of the condition. The text is complimented by over 170 radiographic illustrations. The question-and-answer format is designed to enhance the reader's diagnostic ability and clinical understanding.