Download or read book Innocent limb aches growing pains in children written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diagnosis and treatment take, as a rule, place at the primary care level. Innocent leg aches ("growing pains") can be identified on the basis of history and the clinical presentation . Suspect other causes of pain if the child is below 3 years of age or if the pain makes the child limp or there are objective findings.

Download or read book Joint and ligament injuries in children written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In growing children the bone is often the first to give way, and in ligament injuries an avulsion fracture or epiphyseal injury is therefore more likely than a torn ligament (ankle injuries in children older than 12 years are an exception). The treatment goals of a sprained ligament are to relieve acute pain, reduce swelling and impose a short period of immobilisation followed by active mobilisation.

Download or read book Structural anomalies in children written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: None of the structural anomalies listed below requires systematic screening in primary (with the exception of malpositions of the foot). Most of the anomalies are age-related normal variations associated with the growth and development of a child. The child does not complain of any symptoms, and the anomalies usually are irrelevant as regards the child’s health in adulthood.

Download or read book Recurrent abdominal pain in children written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abdominal pain is defined recurrent when it lasts for at least 3 months and interferes with the child's normal activity.

Download or read book Rhinosinusitis in children written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During a common cold a child has secretions in the nasal meatuses and in the maxillary sinuses, in which case the term rhinosinusitis is used.Rhinosinusitis often resolves without treatment.Acute maxillary sinusitis can be suspected if a child still has purulent rhinitis, headache and a cough 10–14 days after a viral respiratory infection, especially if the symptoms worsen after an initial phase of recovery .The diagnosis of maxillary sinusitis is clinical.The drug of choice is amoxicillin. Saline nasal drops can be safely used. Sinusitis leads to complications more often in children than in adults. Swelling of the eyelids or cheek is a warning sign.

Download or read book Congenital dislocation of the hip written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If congenital dislocation of the hip remains untreated it can cause significant developmental abnormality and dysfunction which may, in some patients, lead to osteoarthritis in early adulthood. If the pre-discharge examination raises a suspicion of hip dislocation, the newborn should be reviewed again at the age of 2 weeks at a paediatric orthopaedic clinic whose personnel will manage future treatment should it be indicated. Treatment delay will worsen prognosis. Clinical examination of the hips must be carried out regularly at the child health clinic. Any instability of the hips and restriction of movement should be recorded on the 6 week and 4 month visits. At walking age, the child should also be observed for a limp.

Download or read book Overweight and obesity in children written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 43 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The prevention and management of childhood obesity is important since obesity in childhood is predictive of obesity and adverse health outcomes in adulthood. The motivation of the entire family is crucial. Diseases that cause obesity are rare, but they should be identified.

Download or read book Tympanostomy tubes written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The insertion of a tympanostomy tube (ventilation tube, grommet) is always based on individual evaluation. Tympanostomy tubes reduce the incidence of acute otitis media (AOM), relieve symptoms of inflammation and make it easier to diagnose infections. The most common problems associated with tympanostomy tubes are otorrhoea, a blocked tube and persistent tympanic membrane perforation.

Download or read book Incidental glucosuria in children written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Detect possible insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus as the cause of incidental glucosuria and arrange for care immediately. Investigate whether glucosuria results from a prediabetic state and arrange follow-up.

Download or read book Clinical examination of a child with arthritic symptoms written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Arthritis presents as joint swelling, limitation of motion, or both, and it is associated with tenderness on movement or increased warmth of the jointin case of a bacterial infection often also redness and pain of the joint as well as general symptoms like fever pain. In aseptic arthritis, pain is rarely a prominent symptom, whereas stiffness after rest is a typical sign. Pain after exercise is more common in non-inflammatory joint affection. If the history suggests arthritis but there are no clinical findings the child should be re-examined when the symptoms recur.

Download or read book Epilepsy in children written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early diagnosis of childhood epilepsy is important and often improves prognosis. Epilepsy starting in infancy or at preschool age may delay the normal development of the child.All children in whom epilepsy is suspected should always be referred urgently to specialist care for further investigations. Diagnosis of epilepsy is based on seizure history, supplemented by EEG recordings and imaging studies. Pharmacological treatment is chosen according to the type of epilepsy or syndrome. Medication that is inappropriate may lead to the aggravation of seizures or other neurological manifestations. The monitoring of the child’s neurocognitive development and the provision of appropriate support are important in the treatment of childhood epilepsies. A part of childhood epilepsies are benign and self-limited. The possibility of epilepsy surgery should be considered when the disease proves to be resistant to treatment.

Download or read book Bruises and purpura in children written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a child with recurrent or prolonged bleedings, bleeding at several sites, or bleeding being not in proportion to the local causes, prompt investigations usually in a paediatric hospital are warranted. Blood picture, TT-SPA and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) are examined without delay already in the primary care.Petechiae in a febrile child are investigated as soon as possible as a paediatric emergency to diagnose possible meningococcal septicaemia , even if the cause in most cases is a viral infection.Either an acquired or a hereditary disease may explain the bleeding symptoms.Disorders of primary haemostasis (vessel wall defects, e.g Henoch-Schönlein purpura , thrombocytopenias, thrombocytopathies and von Willebrand disease ) are manifested as petechiae in the skin and mucous membranes (nosebleeds, haematuria and melaena). Disorders of secondary haemostasis (haemophilias) are manifested as large, deep bruises or especially intra-articular or intramuscular haemorrhages. Even a minor bleed may continue for days.

Download or read book Urinary tract infection in a child written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The diagnosis of urinary tract infection (UTI) in children must always be based on a properly obtained urine sample and on bacterial culture from the sample. The treatment of urinary tract infections is aimed at preventing permanent kidney damage. Investigating the anatomical structure of the urinary tract (renal ultrasonography) in children after their first UTI makes it possible to detect treatable structural anomalies of the urinary tract at an early stage.

Download or read book Spinal cord injuries written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Consider the possibility of spinal cord injury in all trauma patients, and ensure that transport does not aggravate the injury (the spine must be stabilised). The treatment and rehabilitation of spinal cord injuries should be carried out by specialist units. The multifaceted sequelae of a spinal cord injury are often permanent and difficult to treat. The treatment therefore calls for expertise and individual planning.

Download or read book Recurrent infections and immunodeficiencies in children written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ”Recurrent infections in a child” usually refers to frequent infections of the respiratory tract. A child will normally have 6–10 respiratory tract infections in one year . An overwhelming majority of children suffering from recurrent infections have a normal immune system. The following features are suggestive of a normally functioning immune system: the onset of recurring infections coincides with the child starting to attend a child care facility the infections only affect the respiratory tract the infections are caused by viruses the recovery from individual infections is normal the child’s growth and development are normal normal physical status (and chest x-ray, see below) no family history of increased predisposition to infections.

Download or read book Jaundice in the newborn written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jaundice caused by blood group incompatibility between the mother and child is usually detected in the maternity hospital. Jaundice due to other causes may not be manifested until the child has been discharged from hospital (duration of hospitalisation of the newborn has been reduced).

Download or read book Tonsillitis and pharyngitis in children written by Sics Editore and published by SICS Editore. This book was released on 2014-10-01 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antimicrobials are indicated in infections caused by group A streptococci diagnosed by culture or rapid antigen test. Symptomatic treatment is indicated in other cases. Infectious mononucleosis presents with only mild symptoms in small children. Treatment with antimicrobials is of no benefit for the child, but a course of amoxicillin during the disease will provoke a red-spotted rash in almost every patient (picture ). Epidemics caused by streptococci should be identified and managed. Contaminated food and milk may cause streptococcal epidemics.