Download or read book Informed Trading Around Stock Split Announcements written by Philip Gharghori and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prior research shows that splitting firms earn positive abnormal returns and that they experience an increase in stock return volatility. By examining option-implied volatility, we assess option traders' perceptions on return and volatility changes arising from stock splits. We find that they do expect higher volatility following splits. There is only weak evidence though of option traders anticipating an abnormal increase in stock prices. We also show that our option measures can predict both stock volatility levels and changes after the announcement. However, there is little evidence that they can predict the returns of splitting firms.
Download or read book Stock Splits and Attracting Attention written by Nino Papiashvili and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this research I study whether stock splits attract market's attention by exploring how investors are trading around event announcement dates. By employing high frequency intraday trading data from NYSE Trades and Quotes (TAQ) database I compute net abnormal buying around split announcements. The empirical tests on a matched pair sample of splitting and matching firms show that stock splits serve as attention attracting tool and investors are buying abnormally more around the announcements. Additional analysis confirms this finding - abnormal buying is significantly higher for larger splits. Furthermore, investors are more attracted to the splits that deliver higher subsequent long run stock performance.
Download or read book Market Microstructure Around Three Corporate Announcements written by Skander Lazrak and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis examines various aspects of the market microstructure around three important corporate events. These important corporate events are stock splits, corporate acquisitions and earnings announcements. The second chapter (first essay) investigates the microstructure effects of stock splits. We find that the price range theory explains the stock splits of high price stocks and information plays an essential role in the explanation of stock splits for low price stocks. While global liquidity decreases post-split, trading activity as measured by the number of trades increases. The temporary component of the spread increases while the directional change for the permanent component is indeterminate. Uninformed traders intensify their trading activities relatively more than informed traders after stock splits. While the probability of new information arrival remains unchanged, the probability of a bad event and of informed trading decreases after stock splits. In addition, temporary volatility increases while true price volatility decreases post-split. Consistent with the extant literature, stock splits attract small or uninformed traders. Whether attracted by the lower per-share price, the newly promoted stock or the decrease in the probability of informed trading, uninformed traders are the essential cause of the increase in trading activity, trading cost and return volatility after stock splits. The third chapter (second essay) investigates the microstructure effects of acquisitions. The intensification of trading activity upon announcement of such offers is more dramatic for targets than for bidders. Investors are more inclined to sell targets upon announcement using direct market orders against ask limit orders when the tender offers involve cash due to portfolio rebalancing and profit realization motives. Liquidity improves for targets with a fall in trading costs, and with an increase in quoted dollar and share depth. Both trading costs and quoted depth fall continuously over the tender offer cycle to successful completion for the acquirers. Increased trading causes the temporary trading cost to fall farther for targets than for acquirers. Permanent trading costs decline over the tender offer cycle, and especially for targets for cash tender offers and for acquirers for share tender offers. These findings based on method of payment are related to the good and bad news, respectively, that are revealed by the announcement and realization of the tender offer, respectively. The fourth chapter (third essay) analyzes trading on the various trading venues for Canadian firms that are cross-listed on the main US trading venues around earning announcement dates. We first show that the Canadian trading venues lost their trade advantage in terms of trade cost compared to their US counterparts for trading Canadian cross-listed shares. However, the Canadian market still retains the dominant part of trade volume and Canadian dealers offer greater market depth. There is also no preference ordering among the top three US listing venues for Canadian shares based on trade cost. Both trading legs have similar proportions of informed trading during off-announcement days. They both react simultaneously to earnings news. However, on announcement day, most informed traders trade on the domestic Canadian market. We claim that the domestic Canadian market is much more informative during announcement dates than its US competitors.
Download or read book The Market Reaction to Stock Splits and the Ability to Earn Abnormal Returns written by Phương Anh Nguyễn and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A stock split is often regarded as a pure cosmetic accounting treatment and yet prior research shows that the market reacts positively upon the arrival of the split announcement. However, up to now, there has not been any convincing explanation for this favourable response while there is intense debate amongst researchers about whether these positive abnormal returns persist in the future. We revisit the issues related to the performance of splitting companies both around and following the announcement date. This allows us to study the information content of the event and assess whether the market has incorporated the implication of such information in a timely manner. In addition, we hope to draw meaningful inference about the profitability of trading following the announcement date. Our findings suggest that there is information in the split announcements, which is positively valued by the market. However, abnormal returns cannot be earned with certainty following the event. This is evident in both the option market and the stock market. Specifically, if informed investors use the option market to trade on their information, then our results indicate that informed investors do not believe in the success of a strategy that buys splitting companies subsequent to the announcement date. This is because the post-split announcement drift does not exist following every split; it is conditioned on whether the firms will split again in the future. While prior studies argue that the long-run abnormal returns are sensitive to the time period, we find that the aggregate long-run abnormal returns are higher in a time period where there is a large proportion of companies that split multiple times. Nevertheless, knowing whether the companies have split multiple times in the past will not lead to positive abnormal returns ex-ante; these returns can only be guaranteed if investors are able to forecast accurately which sample firms will implement another split in the future. Once the split again condition is controlled for, there is no role for the time period to influence the magnitude and significance of the abnormal returns. We also discover that firms that have not split before consistently outperform firms that have. This implies that instead of buying every company that splits, investors can achieve higher returns by focusing on those that have not split in the recent past. However, the profitability of this strategy depends on the state of the market (bull versus bear market). In summary, the thesis shows that while stock splits are perceived as good news by investors, abnormal returns cannot be guaranteed following the announcement date. The information contained in a stock split is incorporated into stock prices in a timely manner, however, what type of information this event is capturing remains an open question.
Download or read book The Information Content of Stock Split Announcements written by Keh Yiing Chern and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We provide a new test of the informational efficiency of trading in stock options in the context of stock split announcements. Stock split announcements are generally associated with positive abnormal returns. After controlling for market returns, market capitalization, book-to-market ratio, and trading volume, we find that the abnormal returns around stock split announcements are significantly lower for NYSE/Amex stocks that are optioned than for stocks that are not optioned. This is consistent with the hypothesis that the prices of optioned stocks embody more information, diminishing the impact of the stock split announcement. This provides new evidence of the beneficial effects of options on their underlying stocks.
Download or read book Informed Trading Around Merger Announcements written by Narayanan Jayaraman and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides empirical evidence on the level of trading activity in the stock options market prior to the announcement of a merger or an acquisition. Our analysis shows that there is a significant increase in the trading activity of call and put options for companies involved in a takeover prior to the rumor of an acquisition or merger. This result is robust to both the volume of option contracts traded and the open interest. The increased trading suggests that there is a significant level of informed trading in the options market prior to the announcement of a corporate event. In addition, abnormal trading activity in the options market appears to lead abnormal trading volume in the equity market. This finding supports the hypothesis that the options market plays an important role in price discovery.
Download or read book How Stock Splits Affect Trading written by David Easley and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Extending an empirical technique developed in Easley, Kiefer, and O'Hara (1996, 1997a), we examine different hypotheses about stock splits. In line with the trading range hypothesis, we find that stock splits attract uninformed traders. However, we also find that informed trading increases, resulting in no appreciable change in the information content of trades. Therefore, we do not find evidence consistent with the hypothesis that stock splits reduce information asymmetries. The optimal tick size hypothesis predicts that stock splits attract limit order trading and this enhances the execution quality of trades. While we find an increase in the number of executed limit orders, their effect is overshadowed by the increase in the costs of executing market orders due to the larger percentage spreads. On balance, the uninformed investors' overall trading costs rise after stock splits.
Download or read book Changes in Trading Patterns Following Stock Splits and Their Impact on Market Microstructure written by Anand S. Desai and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We reexamine the impact of stock splits on the volatility and liquidity of the stock. We develop a model of trading where the number of informed traders and changes in the volatility and liquidity are endogenously determined by changes in the number of noise traders. Our empirical evidence suggests that the increase in volatility after stock splits cannot be totally attributed to microstructure biases due to the bid-ask bounce and price discreetness. A significant fraction of the increase in volatility is due to an increase in the number of both noise and informed trades. Also consistent with our model's predictions, we find that the stock's liquidity worsens when the number of noise trades either declines or increases by a small amount. On the other hand, liquidity improves for large increases in noise trades, which is consistent with the managerial motive for stock splits. A crucial determinant of the increase in noise trades is the release of positive information to the market soon after the announcement of the split.
Download or read book Changes in Trading Activity Following Stock Splits and Their Effect on Volatility and the Adverse Information Component of the Bid Ask Spread written by Anand S. Desai and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine changes in trading activity around stock splits, and their effect on the volatility and the adverse information component of the bid-ask spread. Even after controlling for microstructure biases, we find a significant increase in the volatility after the split. Changes in total volatility and in its permanent component are positively related to changes in the number of trades. This suggests that both informed and noise traders contribute to changes in trading activity. Further, while the adverse information component of the spread increases unconditionally after the split, the change is negatively related to the change in trading activity. The results suggest that a crucial determinant of liquidity changes after a stock split is the success of the split in attracting new trades in the security.
Download or read book The Informational Content of Implied Volatility Around Stock Splits written by Brandon Julio and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 53 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Previous research has been mixed with respect to whether option implied volatility reflects market expectations about future realized volatility for the underlying asset. This paper uses a previously documented volatility increasing event, the stock split, to investigate the informational content in implied volatility around stock split announcements. We find that the time series profile of implied volatility around stock splits is consistent with the predictions of standard option pricing theory. Option market participants appear to revise their forecasts of future realized volatility permanently upward at the split announcement. In addition, we find that changes in implied volatility at the split announcement provide informative forecasts of changes in realized stock volatility at the ex-date. However, these forecasts are biased and inefficient as other known, firm-specific variables improve the forecasts of changes in realized volatility. The use of intra-daily realized volatility estimates rather than those based on daily observations significantly reduces the bias in predictive regressions.
Download or read book Hedge Fund Activism written by Alon Brav and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2010 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hedge Fund Activism begins with a brief outline of the research literature and describes datasets on hedge fund activism.
Download or read book Corporate Payout Policy written by Harry DeAngelo and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2009 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corporate Payout Policy synthesizes the academic research on payout policy and explains "how much, when, and how". That is (i) the overall value of payouts over the life of the enterprise, (ii) the time profile of a firm's payouts across periods, and (iii) the form of those payouts. The authors conclude that today's theory does a good job of explaining the general features of corporate payout policies, but some important gaps remain. So while our emphasis is to clarify "what we know" about payout policy, the authors also identify a number of interesting unresolved questions for future research. Corporate Payout Policy discusses potential influences on corporate payout policy including managerial use of payouts to signal future earnings to outside investors, individuals' behavioral biases that lead to sentiment-based demands for distributions, the desire of large block stockholders to maintain corporate control, and personal tax incentives to defer payouts. The authors highlight four important "carry-away" points: the literature's focus on whether repurchases will (or should) drive out dividends is misplaced because it implicitly assumes that a single payout vehicle is optimal; extant empirical evidence is strongly incompatible with the notion that the primary purpose of dividends is to signal managers' views of future earnings to outside investors; over-confidence on the part of managers is potentially a first-order determinant of payout policy because it induces them to over-retain resources to invest in dubious projects and so behavioral biases may, in fact, turn out to be more important than agency costs in explaining why investors pressure firms to accelerate payouts; the influence of controlling stockholders on payout policy --- particularly in non-U.S. firms, where controlling stockholders are common --- is a promising area for future research. Corporate Payout Policy is required reading for both researchers and practitioners interested in understanding this central topic in corporate finance and governance.
Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
Download or read book Trading and Electronic Markets What Investment Professionals Need to Know written by Larry Harris and published by CFA Institute Research Foundation. This book was released on 2015-10-19 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The true meaning of investment discipline is to trade only when you rationally expect that you will achieve your desired objective. Accordingly, managers must thoroughly understand why they trade. Because trading is a zero-sum game, good investment discipline also requires that managers understand why their counterparties trade. This book surveys the many reasons why people trade and identifies the implications of the zero-sum game for investment discipline. It also identifies the origins of liquidity and thus of transaction costs, as well as when active investment strategies are profitable. The book then explains how managers must measure and control transaction costs to perform well. Electronic trading systems and electronic trading strategies now dominate trading in exchange markets throughout the world. The book identifies why speed is of such great importance to electronic traders, how they obtain it, and the trading strategies they use to exploit it. Finally, the book analyzes many issues associated with electronic trading that currently concern practitioners and regulators.
Download or read book Financial Innovation and Risk Sharing written by Franklin Allen and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Franklin Allen and Douglas Gale assemble some of their key papers along with a five-chapter overview that not only synthesizes their work but provides a historical and institutional review and a discussion of alternative approaches as well.
Download or read book Market Liquidity written by Thierry Foucault and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The process by which securities are traded is very different from the idealized picture of a frictionless and self-equilibrating market offered by the typical finance textbook. This book offers a more accurate and authoritative take on this process. The book starts from the assumption that not everyone is present at all times simultaneously on the market, and that participants have quite diverse information about the security's fundamentals. As a result, the order flow is a complex mix of information and noise, and a consensus price only emerges gradually over time as the trading process evolves and the participants interpret the actions of other traders. Thus, a security's actual transaction price may deviate from its fundamental value, as it would be assessed by a fully informed set of investors. The book takes these deviations seriously, and explains why and how they emerge in the trading process and are eventually eliminated. The authors draw on a vast body of theoretical insights and empirical findings on security price formation that have come to form a well-defined field within financial economics known as "market microstructure." Focusing on liquidity and price discovery, the book analyzes the tension between the two, pointing out that when price-relevant information reaches the market through trading pressure rather than through a public announcement, liquidity may suffer. It also confronts many striking phenomena in securities markets and uses the analytical tools and empirical methods of market microstructure to understand them. These include issues such as why liquidity changes over time and differs across securities, why large trades move prices up or down, and why these price changes are subsequently reversed, and why we observe temporary deviations from asset fair values"--
Download or read book Trading and Exchanges written by Larry Harris and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2003 with total page 664 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on market microstructure, Harris (chief economist, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission) introduces the practices and regulations governing stock trading markets. Writing to be understandable to the lay reader, he examines the structure of trading, puts forward an economic theory of trading, discusses speculative trading strategies, explores liquidity and volatility, and considers the evaluation of trader performance. Annotation (c)2003 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com).
