Download or read book Informed Consent in Routine Contexts written by Michael MacDonald Burgess and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Conducting Biosocial Surveys written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-10-02 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen a growing tendency for social scientists to collect biological specimens such as blood, urine, and saliva as part of large-scale household surveys. By combining biological and social data, scientists are opening up new fields of inquiry and are able for the first time to address many new questions and connections. But including biospecimens in social surveys also adds a great deal of complexity and cost to the investigator's task. Along with the usual concerns about informed consent, privacy issues, and the best ways to collect, store, and share data, researchers now face a variety of issues that are much less familiar or that appear in a new light. In particular, collecting and storing human biological materials for use in social science research raises additional legal, ethical, and social issues, as well as practical issues related to the storage, retrieval, and sharing of data. For example, acquiring biological data and linking them to social science databases requires a more complex informed consent process, the development of a biorepository, the establishment of data sharing policies, and the creation of a process for deciding how the data are going to be shared and used for secondary analysis-all of which add cost to a survey and require additional time and attention from the investigators. These issues also are likely to be unfamiliar to social scientists who have not worked with biological specimens in the past. Adding to the attraction of collecting biospecimens but also to the complexity of sharing and protecting the data is the fact that this is an era of incredibly rapid gains in our understanding of complex biological and physiological phenomena. Thus the tradeoffs between the risks and opportunities of expanding access to research data are constantly changing. Conducting Biosocial Surveys offers findings and recommendations concerning the best approaches to the collection, storage, use, and sharing of biospecimens gathered in social science surveys and the digital representations of biological data derived therefrom. It is aimed at researchers interested in carrying out such surveys, their institutions, and their funding agencies.
Download or read book A History and Theory of Informed Consent written by Ruth R. Faden and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1986-02-27 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Clearly argued and written in nontechnical language, this book provides a definitive account of informed consent. It begins by presenting the analytic framework for reasoning about informed consent found in moral philosophy and law. The authors then review and interpret the history of informed consent in clinical medicine, research, and the courts. They argue that respect for autonomy has had a central role in the justification and function of informed consent requirements. Then they present a theory of the nature of informed consent that is based on an appreciation of its historical roots. An important contribution to a topic of current legal and ethical debate, this study is accessible to everyone with a serious interest in biomedical ethics, including physicians, philosophers, policy makers, religious ethicists, lawyers, and psychologists. This timely analysis makes a significant contribution to the debate about the rights of patients and subjects.
Download or read book Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-07-09 with total page 445 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, advances in biomedical research have helped save or lengthen the lives of children around the world. With improved therapies, child and adolescent mortality rates have decreased significantly in the last half century. Despite these advances, pediatricians and others argue that children have not shared equally with adults in biomedical advances. Even though we want children to benefit from the dramatic and accelerating rate of progress in medical care that has been fueled by scientific research, we do not want to place children at risk of being harmed by participating in clinical studies. Ethical Conduct of Clinical Research Involving Children considers the necessities and challenges of this type of research and reviews the ethical and legal standards for conducting it. It also considers problems with the interpretation and application of these standards and conduct, concluding that while children should not be excluded from potentially beneficial clinical studies, some research that is ethically permissible for adults is not acceptable for children, who usually do not have the legal capacity or maturity to make informed decisions about research participation. The book looks at the need for appropriate pediatric expertise at all stages of the design, review, and conduct of a research project to effectively implement policies to protect children. It argues persuasively that a robust system for protecting human research participants in general is a necessary foundation for protecting child research participants in particular.
Download or read book The Belmont Report written by United States. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cells and Surveys written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-01-19 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What can social science, and demography in particular, reasonably expect to learn from biological information? There is increasing pressure for multipurpose household surveys to collect biological data along with the more familiar interviewer-respondent information. Given that recent technical developments have made it more feasible to collect biological information in non-clinical settings, those who fund, design, and analyze survey data need to think through the rationale and potential consequences. This is a concern that transcends national boundaries. Cells and Surveys addresses issues such as which biologic/genetic data should be collected in order to be most useful to a range of social scientists and whether amassing biological data has unintended side effects. The book also takes a look at the various ethical and legal concerns that such data collection entails.
Download or read book Informed Consent and Health Literacy written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-03-04 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Informed consent - the process of communication between a patient or research subject and a physician or researcher that results in the explicit agreement to undergo a specific medical intervention - is an ethical concept based on the principle that all patients and research subjects should understand and agree to the potential consequences of the clinical care they receive. Regulations that govern the attainment of informed consent for treatment and research are crucial to ensuring that medical care and research are conducted in an ethical manner and with the utmost respect for individual preferences and dignity. These regulations, however, often require - or are perceived to require - that informed consent documents and related materials contain language that is beyond the comprehension level of most patients and study participants. To explore what actions can be taken to help close the gap between what is required in the informed consent process and communicating it in a health-literate and meaningful manner to individuals, the Institute of Medicine's Roundtable on Health Literacy convened a one-day public workshop featuring presentations and discussions that examine the implications of health literacy for informed consent for both research involving human subjects and treatment of patients. Topics covered in this workshop included an overview of the ethical imperative to gain informed consent from patients and research participants, a review of the current state and best practices for informed consent in research and treatment, the connection between poor informed consent processes and minority underrepresentation in research, new approaches to informed consent that reflect principles of health literacy, and the future of informed consent in the treatment and research settings. Informed Consent and Health Literacy is the summary of the presentations and discussion of the workshop.
Download or read book Informed Consent in Medical Practice written by Kalidas D Chavan and published by Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers. This book was released on 2019-06-30 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Informed Consent written by Jessica W. Berg and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2001-07-12 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Informed consent - as an ethical ideal and legal doctrine - has been the source of much concern to clinicians. Drawing on a diverse set of backgrounds and two decades of research in clinical settings, the authors - a lawyer, a physician, a social scientist, and a philosopher - help clinicians understand and cope with their legal obligations and show how the proper handling of informed consent can improve , rather than impede, patient care. Following a concise review of the ethical and legal foundations of informed consent, they provide detailed, practical suggestions for incorporating informed consent into clinical practice. This completely revised and updated edition discusses how to handle informed consent in all phases of the doctor-patient relationship, use of consent forms, patients' refusals of treatment, and consent to research. It comments on recent laws and national policy, and addresses cutting edge issues, such as fulfilling physician obligations under managed care. This clear and succinct book contains a wealth of information that will not only help clinicians meet the legal requirements of informed consent and understand its ethical underpinnings, but also enhance their ability to deal with their patients more effectively. It will be of value to all those working in areas where issues of informed consent are likely to arise, including medicine, biomedical research, mental health care, nursing, dentistry, biomedical ethics, and law.
Download or read book Testing Treatments written by Imogen Evans and published by Pinter & Martin Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work provides a thought-provoking account of how medical treatments can be tested with unbiased or 'fair' trials and explains how patients can work with doctors to achieve this vital goal. It spans the gamut of therapy from mastectomy to thalidomide and explores a vast range of case studies.
Download or read book Informed Consent written by Winston Hammond and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Informed consent is in an unsettled state in both bioethics and the law. The central problem in both fields is the absence of a clear, general formulation that supports the kind of information a patient needs in order to make an informed decision. In this book, the absence of a clear, general formulation is the problem chapter one seeks to solve by presenting a theory of informed consent. The following chapter provides a history of translation and interpretation of informed consent in Japan. Chapter three examines a trend in high court decision making in the United States, Canada, Australia, and the United Kingdom away from a professional standard of disclosure in consent and informed consent to a standard based on what a reasonable person in the patient's position would want in consent and informed consent. Chapter four focuses on the lack of data about safety and effectiveness, and the research, logistical and legal goals of obtaining consent often conflict with the public health goals of evidence-based shared decision-making. Chapter five examines informed consent issues in the context of a community collaborative model of service delivery that uses a public health approach. Chapter six provides insight into a novel way to overcome some of these risks when seeking and obtaining informed consent in clinical trials and research. The final chapter evaluates the effect of informed consent format on preoperative anxiety of patients.
Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
Download or read book Informed Consent and Health written by Thierry Vansweevelt and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2020-04-24 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Informed consent is the legal instrument that purports to protect an individual’s autonomy and defends against medical arbitrariness. This illuminating book investigates our evolving understanding of informed consent from a range of comparative and international perspectives, demonstrating the diversity of its interpretations around the world. Chapters offer a nuanced analysis of the problems that impede the understanding and implementation of the concept of informed consent and explore the contemporary challenges that continue to hinder both the patient and the medical community.
Download or read book Toward a Systemic Theory of Informed Consent in Managed Care written by Susan M. Wolf and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The doctrine of informed consent to health care treatment arose in the 20th century grounded in a model of health care delivery that featured the individual doctor and patient operating largely without systemic cost constraints. This dyadic vision of informed consent no longer fits the realities. With the rise of complex health care delivery and funding models such as managed care designed to control costs, the doctor and patient function in a systemic context providing multiple points at which information is conveyed to the individual health plan subscriber-patient and that person's consent is sought. This sequence of information-giving and consent-seeking starts with an offer of employment (with its concomitant choice of health plan or plans), then progresses to the subscriber-patient's choice of a particular health plan (if more than one is offered), then to a choice of clinic and physician, and only then reaches the treatment decision. Yet at each successive point in this sequence, the subscriber-patient makes a choice that bears on the ultimate treatment options. Often without knowing it, he or she is agreeing to a system of cost-constraints and physician incentives that may profoundly affect the ultimate treatment choices offered. A number of scholars have argued that in the context of a health care system striving to contain costs, such as a managed care system, the subscriber-patient's choice of health plan constitutes consent to the limited roster of treatment options the plan offers, so that at the later point of treatment decision, the physician need not inform the subscriber-patient of the full menu of medically relevant options, only those covered by the plan. This argument in effect shifts from a dyadic vision of informed consent and treatment decision-making to an organizational vision. However, this argument fails to embrace the full systemic context. A systemic vision of informed consent would analyze the full succession of points at which information is conveyed and a choice elicited from the subscriber-patient. This article shows that only analysis on this scale captures the succession of information-transfer and consent-eliciting points that bear on the ultimate treatment options and decision. Moreover, this system is not closed; subscriber-patients may go outside their health plan to pay out-of-pocket or otherwise fund treatments not covered by the plan. This systemic analysis of informed consent shows why subscriber-patients should not be deemed to consent at the point of health plan enrollment to a truncated information set at the point of treatment decision-making, a set that leaves out those treatment options not covered by the plan. Instead, physicians should present all medically relevant treatment options. Indeed, physicians are often in the best position to clarify which treatments are covered by the plan and which will require the subscriber-patient to find other funding. The article articulates a systemic theory of informed consent and shows how only this larger vision does justice to the realities of health care delivery at a time of health care reform and systemic innovation to control costs.
Download or read book Office Based Maxillofacial Surgical Procedures written by Elie M. Ferneini and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-17 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive, step-by-step guide to maxillofacial surgical procedures typically performed in an office setting. It comprises three sections, the first of which provides an overview of general and basic perioperative topics such as medical and facial assessment, laboratory indications, local anesthesia, and oral and parenteral sedation. In the second section, a wide range of dentoalveolar procedures are described in detail. The final section is devoted to maxillofacial cosmetic procedures. Here, readers will find stepwise guidance on scar revision, chemical peel, laser resurfacing, dermabrasion, use of neuromodulators and fillers, neck procedures, blepharoplasty, and hair transplant surgery. The book is written by acknowledged experts and is multi-institutional and multispecialty based. It will meet the needs of multiple surgical professionals, including oral and maxillofacial surgeons, plastic surgeons, otolaryngologists, cosmetic surgeons, dentists, and medical and dental students. Health care providers will also be able to use the book as a resource to expand their knowledge on common maxillofacial surgical procedures.
Download or read book Informed Consent written by Deborah Bowman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-12-15 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The literature on informed consent and its ethico-legal significance in clinical practice has grown rapidly in recent years. This unique book offers a practical description of the principles of informed consent and their application in daily clinical practice. Written by a team of experts in medical ethics and law, the chapters use a case-based approach to elucidate the essence of consent and highlight the ways in which individual patients and diverse situations can shape and even challenge the fundamental principles of informed consent. A range of situations in both primary and secondary care are covered and the content is arranged conceptually to help emphasise certain recurrent and related themes. An informative and rigorous yet accessible text, Informed Consent: A Primer for Clinical Practice is an essential resource for healthcare professionals working in all medical fields.
Download or read book Cross Cultural and Religious Critiques of Informed Consent written by Joseph Tham and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-28 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the challenges of informed consent in medical intervention and research ethics, considering the global reality of multiculturalism and religious diversity. Even though informed consent is a gold standard in research ethics, its theoretical foundation is based on the conception of individual subjects making autonomous decisions. There is a need to reconsider autonomy as relational—where family members, community and religious leaders can play an important part in the consent process. The volume re-evaluates informed consent in multicultural contexts and features perspectives from Buddhism, Confucianism, Hinduism, Christianity, Judaism and Islam. It is valuable reading for scholars interested in bioethics, healthcare ethics, research ethics, comparative religions, theology, human rights, law and sociology.
