Download or read book Information Content of Internal Control Weaknesses written by Riku Nishizaki and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine Japanese stock market responses to the disclosure of internal control weaknesses (ICW), especially in relation to other information released around the disclosure date and to firm attributes. Japan is classified as a code-law country, where corporate disclosure tends to be less timely than in a common-law country. Indeed, for the first two years, the disclosure rate of ICW has been much lower in Japan than in the US. Our standard event study analysis shows that the mean cumulative abnormal returns for all firms disclosing ICW are not significantly different from zero. However, after controlling for firms with effective internal control, other information released around the disclosure date and firm attributes, we find that the disclosure of ICW negatively affects stock prices. Our results indicate that the disclosure of ICW is informative to the market, because it is rare and exceptional in Japan.
Download or read book Standards for Internal Control in the Federal Government written by United States Government Accountability Office and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2019-03-24 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policymakers and program managers are continually seeking ways to improve accountability in achieving an entity's mission. A key factor in improving accountability in achieving an entity's mission is to implement an effective internal control system. An effective internal control system helps an entity adapt to shifting environments, evolving demands, changing risks, and new priorities. As programs change and entities strive to improve operational processes and implement new technology, management continually evaluates its internal control system so that it is effective and updated when necessary. Section 3512 (c) and (d) of Title 31 of the United States Code (commonly known as the Federal Managers? Financial Integrity Act (FMFIA)) requires the Comptroller General to issue standards for internal control in the federal government.
Download or read book Market Reactions to the Disclosure of Internal Control Weaknesses and to the Characteristics of Those Weaknesses Under Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 written by Jacqueline S. Hammersley and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under Section 302 of the Sarbanes Oxley Act, officers must evaluate the effectiveness of internal controls quarterly. We examine the stock price reaction to management's disclosure of internal control weaknesses and to their characteristics, controlling for other material announcements are made during the event window. We find evidence suggesting that some characteristics of the internal control weaknesses - their severity, management's conclusion regarding the effectiveness of the controls, their auditability, and how vague the disclosures are - are informative. In subsequent analyses, we find that the relation between returns and auditability holds for significant deficiencies and control deficiencies as well as for material weaknesses. However, the relation between returns and how vague the disclosure is is driven by the observations with material weaknesses. This suggests that the information content of internal control weakness disclosures depends on the severity of the internal control weakness.
Download or read book Internal and External Aspects of Corporate Governance written by Ahmed Naciri and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-10-16 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An effective system of corporate governance has both internal and external aspects that have to be sufficiently responsive if governance is to succeed. In this book, Ahmed Naciri examines these two core aspects or the latest buzzword in business and management theory. Internal aspects include ownership structure, the board of directors and committees, internal control, risk management, transparency and financial reporting. External aspects can either be market-oriented, or can take the form of credit ranking, and/or social requirements. Due to the original orientation of the Sarbanes/Oxley Law, concentrating solely on financial disclosure and given its decisive and tremendous influence on all other similar corporate governance legislations all over the world, most writings on corporate governance have dealt with solely internal corporate governance mechanisms. This book aim is to fill up the gap by using a systemic approach and giving a global picture of the corporate governance theoretical foundations, mainly by putting the emphasis on its double dimension: internal and external.
Download or read book IT Internal Control Weaknesses and Firm Performance written by Dale Stoel and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The information systems literature and the public press have called for organizations to more closely scrutinize their information technology (IT) controls; however, little more than anecdotal evidence exists on the business value of IT internal control investments, beyond regulatory compliance. Drawing on the strategy and accounting literature, we (a) advance a strategic necessity perspective to the question of IT internal controls value; and (b) use the unique setting provided by the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) to investigates the relationship between IT internal control weaknesses (ICW) and both accounting earnings (a contemporaneous measure of firm performance) and market value (a forward looking, risk-adjusted measure of firm performance). Using a data set that provides audited annual assessments of the effectiveness of both IT and non-IT internal controls for a cross-section of companies as mandated by SOX, we find that firms that report an IT ICW have lower accounting earnings compared to firms with strong IT internal controls. We also find that IT ICW moderates the association between accounting earnings and market valuation, with firms reporting weak IT internal controls having a lower earnings response coefficient. These results are sustained even after controlling for non-IT ICW and firm-specific factors that are known determinants of ICW. The results are also robust to econometric corrections for potential simultaneity and self-selection bias using Heckman's two-stage procedure. Overall, our results provide empirical evidence which suggests that IT internal controls are a strategic necessity and that information systems risk is priced by the capital markets.
Download or read book How to Comply with Sarbanes Oxley Section 404 written by Michael J. Ramos and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-03-29 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed specifically for Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404 compliance, How to Comply with Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404 features: A step-by-step approach to engagement performance Original material from a leading expert in auditing and accounting Practice aids, including forms, checklists, illustrations, diagrams, and tables In-depth explanations to help professionals understand how best to approach the internal control engagement Examples and action plans providing blueprints for implementing requirements of the Act Order your copy today!
Download or read book Handbook Of Financial Econometrics Mathematics Statistics And Machine Learning In 4 Volumes written by Cheng Few Lee and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-07-30 with total page 5053 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This four-volume handbook covers important concepts and tools used in the fields of financial econometrics, mathematics, statistics, and machine learning. Econometric methods have been applied in asset pricing, corporate finance, international finance, options and futures, risk management, and in stress testing for financial institutions. This handbook discusses a variety of econometric methods, including single equation multiple regression, simultaneous equation regression, and panel data analysis, among others. It also covers statistical distributions, such as the binomial and log normal distributions, in light of their applications to portfolio theory and asset management in addition to their use in research regarding options and futures contracts.In both theory and methodology, we need to rely upon mathematics, which includes linear algebra, geometry, differential equations, Stochastic differential equation (Ito calculus), optimization, constrained optimization, and others. These forms of mathematics have been used to derive capital market line, security market line (capital asset pricing model), option pricing model, portfolio analysis, and others.In recent times, an increased importance has been given to computer technology in financial research. Different computer languages and programming techniques are important tools for empirical research in finance. Hence, simulation, machine learning, big data, and financial payments are explored in this handbook.Led by Distinguished Professor Cheng Few Lee from Rutgers University, this multi-volume work integrates theoretical, methodological, and practical issues based on his years of academic and industry experience.
Download or read book The Why and How of Auditing written by Charles Hall and published by . This book was released on 2019-06-25 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assists auditors in planning, performing, and completing audit engagements. It is designed to make auditing more easily understandable.
Download or read book SOX 404 for Small Publicly Held Companies written by Robert J. Sonnelitter, Jr. and published by CCH. This book was released on 2007 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CCH's SOX 404 for Small, Publicly Held Companies enables you to successfully and efficiently make the internal control assessment required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. In particular, this book will help non-accelerated filers-those companies that have outstanding securities with a market value of less than $75 million-with the challenging and time-consuming SOX 404 requirements. This addition to the CCH reference library gives you the tools for the evaluation, planning documentation, risk assessment, testing, and reporting necessary for successful compliance with Section 404. It focuses on the SEC's rules for an assessment of internal controls and the PCAOB's requirements for independent auditors. The free, companion CD-ROM accompanying this book includes workpapers and checklists as well as primary source material from the SEC and PCAOB to make your research and reporting as quick and cost-efficient as possible. SOX 404 for Small, Publicly Held Companies and the accompanying CD-ROM address all that is necessary to perform an assessment of internal controls over financial reporting as well as an assessment of disclosure controls. Book jacket.
Download or read book Audit Analytics written by J. Christopher Westland and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-20 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, information technology plays a pivotal role in financial control and audit: most financial data is now digitally recorded and dispersed among servers, clouds and networks over which the audited firm has no control. Additionally, a firm’s data—particularly in the case of finance, software, insurance and biotech firms— comprises most of the audited value of the firm. Financial audits are critical mechanisms for ensuring the integrity of information systems and the reporting of organizational finances. They help avoid the abuses that led to passage of legislation such as the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (1977), and the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (2002). Audit effectiveness has declined over the past two decades as auditor skillsets have failed to keep up with advances in information technology. Information and communication technology lie at the core of commerce today and are integrated in business processes around the world. This book is designed to meet the increasing need of audit professionals to understand information technology and the controls required to manage it. The material included focuses on the requirements for annual Securities and Exchange Commission audits (10-K) for listed corporations. These represent the benchmark auditing procedures for specialized audits, such as internal, governmental, and attestation audits. Using R and RStudio, the book demonstrates how to render an audit opinion that is legally and statistically defensible; analyze, extract, and manipulate accounting data; build a risk assessment matrix to inform the conduct of a cost-effective audit program; and more.
Download or read book Internal Controls written by Buchanan Publishing LLC and published by . This book was released on 2011-04-29 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is meant to be a guide for business owners, accountants, Controllers and CFO's regarding accounting and management of internal control issues to help keep their business safe and protect their financial assets. Each chapter addresses specific areas of the business (Revenue, Purchasing, Production, Information Systems, etc.) and provides an executive summary followed by specific standards of internal control. A risk section lists potential internal control problems or weaknesses following the standard and refers the reader back to the specific standard that may resolve the internal control weakness in question.The information contained in this book is critically important to all small and medium sized business owners based on my business and consulting experience as a CFO, COO and CEO. Large corporations have extensive internal control programs and monitoring, however the lack of internal control processes and procedures to protect financial assets of small and medium businesses can be augmented by using this book. However, no book can completely protect your business without an ongoing internal control process administered by professionals.
Download or read book Internal Control Weaknesses and Information Uncertainty written by Messod D. Beneish and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze a sample of 330 firms making unaudited disclosures required by Section 302 and 383 firms making audited disclosures required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. We find that Section 302 disclosures are associated with negative announcement abnormal returns of -1.8 percent, and that firms experience an abnormal increase in equity cost of capital of 68 basis points. We conclude that Section 302 disclosures are informative and point to lower credibility of disclosing firms' financial reporting. In contrast, we find that Section 404 disclosures have no noticeable impact on stock prices or firms' cost of capital. Further, we find that auditor quality attenuates the negative response to Section 302 disclosures and that accelerated filers - larger firms required to file under Section 404 - have significantly less negative returns (-1.10 percent) than non-accelerated filers (-4.22 percent). The findings have implications for the debate about whether to implement a scaled securities regulation system for smaller public companies: material weakness disclosures are more informative for smaller firms that likely have higher pre-disclosure information uncertainty.
Download or read book Government Auditing Standards 2018 Revision written by United States Government Accountability Office and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2019-03-24 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Audits provide essential accountability and transparency over government programs. Given the current challenges facing governments and their programs, the oversight provided through auditing is more critical than ever. Government auditing provides the objective analysis and information needed to make the decisions necessary to help create a better future. The professional standards presented in this 2018 revision of Government Auditing Standards (known as the Yellow Book) provide a framework for performing high-quality audit work with competence, integrity, objectivity, and independence to provide accountability and to help improve government operations and services. These standards, commonly referred to as generally accepted government auditing standards (GAGAS), provide the foundation for government auditors to lead by example in the areas of independence, transparency, accountability, and quality through the audit process. This revision contains major changes from, and supersedes, the 2011 revision.
Download or read book Acquirer Internal Control Weaknesses in the Market for Corporate Control written by Masako N. Darrough and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines how disclosures regarding internal controls, required by Sections 302 and 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX), affect the market for corporate control. We hypothesize that acquirers with internal control weaknesses (ICWs) make suboptimal acquisition decisions based on poor quality information generated by their ineffective controls over financial reporting. We expect that such acquirers will be more likely to misestimate the value of their targets or the potential synergies from mergers, thereby overpaying for completed deals. Using a treatment sample of acquisitions made by acquirers that have disclosed ICWs and two matched control samples without ICW disclosures, we document that ICW acquirers experience a substantially more negative market response to acquisition announcements and have lower future performance than the two matched control samples without ICW disclosures. Overall, our results suggest that ineffective internal controls hinder decision-making related to mergers and acquisitions (M&A).
Download or read book Internal Control Weaknesses Contributed to the Mismanagement and Misuse of Federal Funds at Selected Community Action Agencies written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Continuing and Widespread Weaknesses in Internal Controls Result in Losses Through Fraud Waste and Abuse written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Audit Reports and Stock Markets written by Kim Ittonen and published by University of Vaasa. This book was released on 2009 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tiivistelmä: Tilintarkastuskertomukset ja osakemarkkinat.
