Download or read book Influence of the Integrity of the Corneo epidermal Interface on the Biophysical Properties of the Skin written by Frédéric Bonté and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bioengineering of the Skin written by Joachim W. Fluhr and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-08-27 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioengineering of the skin, or more precisely the biophysical assessment of skin physiology, is moving rapidly from a descriptive approach to a deeper understanding of biophysical and biochemical processes. This second edition of the popular text Bioengineering of the Skin: Water and Stratum Corneum reflects the progress in the field, focusing on t
Download or read book The Natural Moisturizing Factor of the Skin written by Marisa Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 1166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Natural moisturizing factor (NMF) is essential for stratum corneum hydration, barrier homeostasis, desquamation and plasticity. It is formed from filaggrin proteolysis to small, hygroscopic molecules including individual amino acids, lactic acid, urea, etc. Although NMF levels have been extensively studied in normal and abnormal skin conditions, the effects of perturbations such as water exposure, barrier damage and repair, even variations across the body surface, are poorly understood. Biophysical measurements such as TEWL (transepidermal water loss) or MAT (moisture accumulation test) are commonly used in cosmetic laboratories without a clear understanding of what these instruments are measuring in the skin. The detrimental effects to the skin of long water exposure are well known. Soak baths of relatively brief duration, up to 20 minutes in length, have been shown to temporarily increase skin hydration and reduce scaling, while extended water exposure causes maceration, disruption of the skin barrier, and a dry flaky appearance once the excess water evaporates. The boundary between therapeutic and damaging effects of water exposure is unknown, as is the etiology of the resulting damage. Conversely, NMF itself relies on water; NMF production depends on ambient humidity levels, with an optimal humidity range of 80-95%. We hypothesized that minor perturbations of the skin and differing anatomical locations generate differences in NMF levels, and that these changes in NMF are reflected by alterations in the biophysical properties of the skin. To this end, a novel method of quantifying the amino acid components of NMF, using D-Squames® for stratum corneum (SC) sampling is presented and validated. This method was used in conjunction with conventional bioengineering methods (MAT, TEWL, pH) to investigate the relationships between skin biophysical properties and NMF levels. The work focused on the effects of water on NMF, both as soaking and occlusion, and also explored the effect of regional variation on NMF and biophysical measurements. Studies were conducted on the effects on NMF of soaking the skin with and without lipid extraction, barrier damage and repair under various humidities, and regional variation. Increased NMF was found with increased SC depth. Also, combining extraction and soaking increased NMF loss relative to control or to extraction or soaking alone. In studies on the effect of water alone, replacement of NMF over a four hour time period after soaking occurred, corresponding to a recovery in SC pH. Two studies on the effect of humidity on barrier integrity showed significant suppression of barrier repair by wet dressings, with barrier damage also occurring due to occlusion alone. Smaller than expected differences in NMF levels were found between body sites, although SC cohesiveness measurements agreed with published results. NMF levels were weakly correlated to MAT and negatively correlated to SC pH. In sum, the NMF is a complex mixture whose effects on skin condition as measured visually and biophysically is entangled with many other factors and thus difficult to isolate. NMF is clearly a significant determinant of the condition of skin but our results indicate that other factors play important roles.
Download or read book Biophysical Properties of the Skin written by Harry R. Elden and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Skin Hydration written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Skin Barrier Function written by T. Agner and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2016-02-04 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although a very fragile structure, the skin barrier is probably one of the most important organs of the body. Inward/out it is responsible for body integrity and outward/in for keeping microbes, chemicals, and allergens from penetrating the skin. Since the role of barrier integrity in atopic dermatitis and the relationship to filaggrin mutations was discovered a decade ago, research focus has been on the skin barrier, and numerous new publications have become available. This book is an interdisciplinary update offering a wide range of information on the subject. It covers new basic research on skin markers, including results on filaggrin and on methods for the assessment of the barrier function. Biological variation and aspects of skin barrier function restoration are discussed as well. Further sections are dedicated to clinical implications of skin barrier integrity, factors influencing the penetration of the skin, influence of wet work, and guidance for prevention and saving the barrier. Distinguished researchers have contributed to this book, providing a comprehensive and thorough overview of the skin barrier function. Researchers in the field, dermatologists, occupational physicians, and related industry will find this publication an essential source of information.
Download or read book Skin Barrier written by Hans Schaefer and published by S. Karger AG (Switzerland). This book was released on 1996 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Skin Barrier is the first book to be written exclusively by researchers for researchers as a convenient desktop reference. It focuses on several key aspects of the skin barrier including composition and structure and a description of the properties governing the diffusion of compounds across the skin. Although there has been a large number of laboratories involved in measuring percutaneous absorption over the past 15 to 20 years, it is only recently that there has been a general consensus in the scientific community regarding the development of standard protocols. Recognizing the importance of this, the authors have included two chapters detailing the protocol used in measuring and predicting percutaneous absorption and a discussion on the practical application of these techniques to solve associated problems. In order to provide the researcher and especially the student with access to more detailed information, the book features a comprehensive listing of references published over the past 10 years. Skin Barrier is the only desktop reference for dermatologists, cosmetologists, biochemists, biologists, and those in the pharmaceutics industry, who need detailed and accurate information about the skin barrier on a daily basis. No R & D department should be without a copy.
Download or read book Dry Skin and Moisturizers written by Marie Loden and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1999-12-06 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dry Skin and Moisturizers: Chemistry and Function presents new information relating to skin biochemistry and pathological changes seen in various dry skin disorders. The book examines the pharmacology of ingredients in moisturizing preparations, providing a broad overview of formulations as well as detailed information on ingredients. Featuring contributions from leading researchers from around the world, the book also outlines general principles for testing and evaluation of effects on the skin, with particular emphasis on safety assessment. This comprehensive book is divided into five parts. Part I, Dry Skin and Moisturizers, offers an introduction to this fascinating topic, while Part II, Biochemistry and Function of the Skin, explores everything from particle probes and skin physiology to the distribution and function of physiological elements in skin. Part III focuses on dry skin and hyperkeratotic conditions. Physico-chemical considerations, emulsifiers, hydrophilic pastes, lanolins, and other topics are addressed in Part IV, Formulations and Interactions with the Skin; while safety assessments, human in vivo skin irritancy testing, sensitive skin, and more are examined in Part V, Evaluation and Safety.
Download or read book Cutaneous Biometrics written by Doris Schwindt and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2001-01-31 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biometrics in dermatology is an essential tool where data evaluation results in valid interpretations. This book will be the first in this area. One part of the book will describe principal aspects of dermatological research focussing on practical advice. A special part will cover applied biometrics to provide the clinician and researcher with state-of-the-art guidelines to assess the severity of common skin diseases. An additional aspect that will be of interest to pharmacologists addresses pharmacologic assays.
Download or read book Non Invasive Diagnostic Techniques in Clinical Dermatology written by Enzo Berardesca and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-02 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive but compact guide to the latest technical and technological developments in the growing field of non invasive diagnosis in clinical dermatology. Information is provided on the practical and technical characteristics of a wide range of equipment and methods for in vivo measurements that aid in the investigation of skin function, the evaluation of topically applied products and the monitoring of skin disease. Individual sections are devoted to imaging techniques, skin analysis, superficial skin analysis, skin mechanics, water and stratum corneum hydration and erythema and blood flow. All of the authors are experts in the field, with detailed knowledge of the techniques they describe. Non Invasive Diagnostic Techniques in Clinical Dermatology will be of value for all dermatologists, whether they are engaged in delivering patient care or in research programs, for cosmetic scientists and for biologists involved in skin research and product assessment.
Download or read book Applied Dermatotoxicology written by Howard I. Maibach and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-24 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied Dermatotoxicology: Clinical Aspects provides concise, systematic, and state-of-the-art information on the toxicological effects of substances on skin, and recent advances in dermal toxicity testing. This book specifically addresses the clinical presentations borne out of exposure to a variety of chemicals. It begins with an overview of skin biology to provide toxicologists with a basic understanding of its anatomy and physiology. Next it presents a variety of dermatotoxicological effects, as well at the toxic agents that cause them, with color photographs to illustrate these effects. Applied Dermatotoxicology: Clinical Aspects is an essential reference for toxicologists in industry, and for those medical professionals who encounter cases of dermal exposure to toxic agents. - A concise, yet inclusive review of effects of chemical exposure - Includes background on basic skin biology - Provides vital clinical reference for toxicologists in non-clinical settings
Download or read book Neonatal Skin written by Steven B. Hoath and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-04-18 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting the most appropriate cleansing techniques and astringent selection for proper neonatal care, the second edition of this text should help practitioners and researchers understand the effects of accidental percutaneous absorption in the newborn and therapeutic strategies for facilitating epidermal barrier development in the extremely low birthweight (ELBW) preterm infant.
Download or read book Skin Moisturization written by James J. Leyden and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-02-26 with total page 676 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Highlighting functional changes in the structure of the epidermis and the stratum corneum, this book presents overviews of clinical and consumer testing approaches together with ex vivo evaluation procedures. It covers key aspects of personal moisturizing and washing products, such as efficacy and formulation of moisturizing ingredients, safety and
Download or read book pH of the Skin Issues and Challenges written by C. Surber and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2018-08-21 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The concept of expressing acidity as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration was defined and termed pH in the beginning of the 20th century. The general usefulness of the pH concept for life science was recognized and later gained importance to analytical research. Reports on results of pH measurements from living skin established the term acid mantle - the skin's own protective shield that maintains a naturally acid pH. It is invisible to the eye but crucial to the overall wellbeing of skin. Chronic alkalization can throw this acid mantle out of balance, leading to inflammation, dermatitis, and atopic skin diseases. It is therefore no surprise, that skin pH shifts have been observed in various skin pathologies. It is also obvious that the pH in topically applied preparations may play an important role. Optimal pH and buffer capacity within topical preparations not only support stability of active ingredients and auxiliary materials, but may also increase absorption of the non-ionized species of an acidic or a basic active ingredient. They may even open up opportunities to modify and "correct" skin pH and hence accelerate barrier recovery and maintain or enhance barrier integrity. Further efforts are needed to standardize and improve pH measurements in biological media or pharmaceutical/cosmetic vehicles to increase and ensure quality, comparability, and relevance of research data. In this volume, we present a unique collection of papers that address past, present and future issues of the pH of healthy and diseased skin. It is hoped that this collection will foster future efforts in clinical and experimental skin research.
Download or read book Cutaneous Investigation in Health and Disease written by Jean-Luc Leveque and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1988-11-08 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first in a new series on clinical dermatology that will have a broad focus and cover basic science as well as clinical issues. This volume comprises 16 chapters addressing various aspects of new (exquisitely accurate) methods of measurement and their interpretation. Annotation copyright Book New
Download or read book Dermatological and Transdermal Formulations written by Kenneth A. Walters and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-02-20 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Containing 350 illustrations, tables, and equations and covering AAPS/FDA guidelines for the experimentation and analysis of in vivo and in vitro percutaneous absorption, this reference provides comprehensive coverage of the development, preparation, and application of topical and transdermal therapeutic systems. Recognized international experts di
Download or read book Skin Barrier written by Peter M. Elias and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-09-22 with total page 634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A must-have reference for any researcher or scientist interested in cutaneous protective mechanisms, this guide provides expertly researched chapters on every aspect of stratum corneum structure, function, and development, as well as detailed sections on barrier-repair strategies and the role of barrier function in diseases such as atopic dermatiti
