Download or read book Influence of Microorganisms on the Fate of Soil aged Atrazine written by Stephanie Ellen Johnson and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Influence of Vegetation Microbial Inoculation and Aging of Pesticide Residues on the Degradation of Atrazine and Metolachlor in Soils written by Shaohan Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The bacteria Agrobacterium radiobacter J14a and Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP and the enzyme atrazine chlorohydrolase all had a significant effect on the degradation of atrazine in Alpha soil, a soil with a low indigenous atrazine-mineralizing population. However, inoculation with J14a did not increase the atrazine degradation in Bravo soil, a soil with a high number of indigenous atrazine-mineralizing microorganisms. This suggests that the ability of J14a to enhance the degradation of atrazine is affected by the presence of indigenous atrazine-mineralizing microorganisms. Inoculation of Pseudomonas fluorescens UA5-40 did not enhance the transformation of metolachlor in either soil. The ability of native prairie grasses, big bluestem (Andropogon gerardii), Indian grass (Sorghastrum nutans L.), and switch grass (Panicum virgatum L.), to degrade atrazine was influenced by the presence of indigenous atrazine-mineralizing microorganisms and the duration of the grasses in soil. Vegetation significantly decreased the concentration of atrazine in Alpha soil, but not in Bravo soil. The significant effect of the plants on atrazine degradation in Alpha soil only occurred 57 days after the transplanting of vegetation, but not 28 days after the transplanting of vegetation. The native prairie grasses had a significant effect on the degradation of metolachor in both soils. The degradative abilities of J14a, atrazine chlorohydrolase, ADP, and the native prairie grasses were influenced by the bioavailability of atrazine. J14a and vegetation significantly decreased the concentration of atrazine in Alpha soil when the initial concentration of atrazine was 93.3 [Mu]g g−1. However, they had no effect on the degradation of atrazine when the initial concentration of atrazine was 4.9 [Mu]g g−1. The influence of aging the atrazine-treated soil on the bioavailability of atrazine depends on the length of aging. The bioavailability of high concentration of atrazine (100 [Mu]g g−1) significantly declined after 56 days of aging compared with that without aging. However, the bioavailability of atrazine did not significantly decline when aging time increased from 6 to 68 days. Our results suggest that the bioavailability of atrazine applied at a high concentration declines more slowly than that applied at field application rate.
Download or read book Interaction of Atrazine with Soil Microorganisms written by James Angelo Percich and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Influence and Application Rate on Atrazine Fate in Coarse and Fine textured Wisconsin Soils written by Jeffery Earl Hanson and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 858 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microbial Communities written by Heribert Insam and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research on decomposer communities of terrestrial ecosystems for a long time has focussed on microbial biomass and gross turnover parameters. Recently, more and more attempts are made to look beyond the biomass, and more specifically determine functions and populations on a smaller scale-in time and space. A multitude of techniques is being improved and developed. Garland and Mills (1991) triggered a series of publications on substrate utilization tests in the field of microbial ecology. Despite several promising results for different applications in different laboratories, many problems concerning the assay and the interpretation of results became evident. After individual discussions on the approach with colleagues from various laboratories we started to plan a workshop on the matter. The response on our first circular was extraordinary, and instead of a small workshop it became a meeting with almost 150 participants. The meeting was named 'Substrate use for characterization of microbial communities in terrestrial ecosystems' (SUBMECO) and was held in Innsbruck, Austria, from Oct. 16-18, 1996. The very focussed scope attracted enthusiastic advocates of the approach, and also serious critics. Some of the topics concerned improvements of current inoculation and incubation techniques, ranging from sample pre-treatment, inoculum density and incubation temperature to statistical data handling. New methods for calculating microbial diversity were proposed, as well as bootstrap methods that allow statistics with many variables on a relatively low number of replicates.
Download or read book Aging of 14C labeled Atrazine Residues in Soil Location Characterization and Biological Accessibility written by Nicolai David Jablonowski and published by Forschungszentrum Jülich. This book was released on 2009 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fate of Atrazine in Argentinean Soils written by Susana Hang and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book are shown the results of the atrazine behavior in Argentinean, conducted between 2001 and 2006. In the first work it was studied the behavior of atrazine in surface soils, and evaluated the effect of land use and how it affects the ability of soil to remove residual atrazine. In the second study it was evaluated two soil profiles characteristic of the province of Cordoba, and in each horizon, the effect of soil properties on the retention and degradation of atrazine mineralization was evaluated. The third study aimed to recognize the distribution along the profile of the soil's ability to mineralize atrazine. The soil sterilization was carried out to quantify chemical and biological degradation of atrazine. In the fourth and fifth paper it was analyzed different strategies of winter weed control and how weed management influenced on the atrazine persistence. In the sixth and final paper it is presented an original proposal to identify soils with rapid mineralization capacity of atrazine, based in corn crop history where atrazine is used. As a tool to reconstruct the history of the lot was used satellite images.
Download or read book Biodegradation of Atrazine in Subsurface Environments written by Jim Sinclair and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling the Processes that Influence the Fate and Transport of Atrazine in the Active surface Soil Horizon written by Susan Kaye Neurath and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Degradation of Bromacil Terbacil 2 4 D and Atrazine in Soil and Pure Culture and Their Effect on Microbial Activity written by Duane Carl Wolf and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Some Factors that Influence the Deactivation of Atrazine in the Soil written by Omar Agundis and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Glyphosate Resistance in Crops and Weeds written by Vijay K. Nandula and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-28 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New technologies are becoming available for managing glyphosate resistant (GR) weeds and reducing their spread. GR crop technology has revolutionized crop production in the developed world and the benefits are gradually spilling over to the developing world. In order to sustain an effective, environmentally safe herbicide such as glyphosate and the GR crop technology well in to the future, it is imperative that the issue of GR weeds be comprehensively understood. This book provides such an essential, up-to-date source of information on glyphosate resistance for researchers, extension workers, land managers, government personnel, and other decision makers. Provides comprehensive coverage of the intensely studied topic of glyphosate resistant (GR) in crops Details the development of glyphosate resistance and how to detect and manage the problem in crops Helps standardize global approaches to glyphosate resistance Encompasses interdisciplinary approaches in chemistry, weed science, biochemistry, plant physiology, plant biotechnology, genetics, ecology Includes a chapter on economic analysis of GR impact on crops
Download or read book Herbicide Metabolites in Surface Water and Groundwater written by M. T. Meyer and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an overview of analytical and environmental chemistry of herbicide metabolites. Covers methods and development strategies for the analysis of herbicides and their metabolites. Discusses advances in analytical methods, including applications for the analysis of herbicide metabolites in water and soil. Addresses fate and transport of herbicides, including molecular interactions with soil, field-scale transport studies, and a larger scale study of the effects of topography and irrigation on the occurrence of herbicides and their metabolites in soil. Examines basin and regional scale occurrence of herbicides and their metabolites in surface water and groundwater. Includes a EPA perspective on herbicide metabolites in groundwater.
Download or read book Soil Persistence of Atrazine Metolachlor and Metribuzin as Influenced by Temperature Soil Moisture and Soil Characteristics written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes a study conducted to: determine the kinetics of dissipation & bound residue formation of widely used pesticides (the herbicides atrazine, metolachlor, & metribuzin) in the Great Lakes area; test laboratory derived dissipation & bound residue formation data; provide decay rates & hydrologic transport parameters for soils in the Great Lakes Basin as input for simulation models; and modify the LEACHP pesticide fate & transport model to provide improved measures of pesticide dissipation kinetics. The study involved a series of experiments and field tests to determine the effect of soil structure on dissipation & bound residue formation, the kinetics of dissipation & bound residue formation in the laboratory & field, the leaching of herbicides, the release of aged residues, and water & transport parameters for use in the model. Results discussed include the variations in herbicide dissipation among different types of soils and tillage practices, the mineralization & volatilization of herbicides in the field, and the performance of the modified LEACHP model.
Download or read book The Study and Modeling of Atrazine Fate in Buffer Strips Soil written by Alissara Reungsang and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid degradation of atrazine in the corn-soybean soil adjacent to the 5-year-old RBS was due to a larger population of atrazine-degrading microorganisms, which were also responsible for rapid mineralization of atrazine. Simulation results of atrazine fate after entry into the RBS using the Root Zone Water Quality Model (RZWQM) indicated that the RBS would retain about 79-94% of atrazine in runoff from the adjacent cornfield. The RZWQM predicted very low atrazine concentrations in seepage (<3 [Mu]g L−1). Our results suggested that RZWOM underpredicted leaching in the soil profile. Further modifications of the leaching subroutine are needed to correctly predicted pesticide loss in the seepage. Atrazine loss in runoff leaving the RBS was mostly sensitive to macropore size and plant residue load, but less sensitive to organic matter content. However, further study of the relationship between macroporosity and runoff losses of pesticides effectively are needed to verify the model sensitivity to macropores.
Download or read book Separating the Physical and Chemical Effects of Soil Organic Matter on the Fate of Atrazine in Soil Aggregates written by Undrea Nicole Hardaway and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
