Download or read book Influence of Material and Processing on Stress Corrosion Cracking of Prestressing Steel Case Studies written by fib Fédération internationale du béton and published by fib Fédération internationale du béton. This book was released on 2003 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report is a review of selected failures in concrete structures in which prestressing steels break in a brittle way due to stress corrosion cracking. Most cases are from the German experience over a period of about 30 years. Analysis of these failures shows that they are often due to an accumulation of causes such as poor design, errors during construction, careless detailing and, in some cases, use of unsuitable materials. This report will have achieved its purpose if it serves to avoid these past errors and encourages the development of new ways to protect, test and regulate prestressing steels. The report is complemented with comments on the properties and corrosion behaviour of different types of prestressing steels. The goal of the study is to provide objective arguments for the discussion of failures that have occurred due to corrosion induced failure of prestressing steel. In such a way the general regulation given in DIN with respect to reinforcement for robustness may eventually be proven inappropriate. The general building authority approval for prestressed hollow filler block floors already supports such an idea. It is well known that the hollow block floor industry works without any reinforcing steel. The regulations in the standards should not limit in particular the use of these types of prestressing steel (cold-formed wires, strands) which have proven not associated with any substantial failures cases reported in the last 35 years. The report reviews the historical development with respect to corrosion induced failure of prestressing steel. Concerning the circumstances of the failure examples, this review partly reflects a specific problem in Germany. Also reviewed are other known interregional examples of failure which are incorrectly attributed to the prestressed construction method. All cases considered are discussed and the failure reasons thoroughly evaluated, also with reference to the results of most recent research. Another question addressed is whether one should be concerned over corrosion induced retarded failure even when using new generation prestressing steel with correct corrosion protection. Finally a contribution to the following very important question is presented: Do the future prestressed structures possess enough safety against structural failure if they are constructed without reinforcement for robustness but otherwise comply completely with the design standards? To aid a better understanding of this short report on typical failure cases and their origins, the main conditions are set out for corrosion-induced failure of prestressing steel in technical applications. The properties of different types of prestressing steel and their application limits are given in a special section dealing with the influence of building materials on damage development. This report will be of interest to all involved in the construction process. Fundamental scientific discussion has been avoided by reference to well accredited detailed information in the technical literature.

Download or read book Influence of Material and Processing on Stress Corrosion Cracking of Prestressing Steel written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Stress Corrosion Cracking written by V S Raja and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-09-22 with total page 817 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The problem of stress corrosion cracking (SCC), which causes sudden failure of metals and other materials subjected to stress in corrosive environment(s), has a significant impact on a number of sectors including the oil and gas industries and nuclear power production. Stress corrosion cracking reviews the fundamentals of the phenomenon as well as examining stress corrosion behaviour in specific materials and particular industries. The book is divided into four parts. Part one covers the mechanisms of SCC and hydrogen embrittlement, while the focus of part two is on methods of testing for SCC in metals. Chapters in part three each review the phenomenon with reference to a specific material, with a variety of metals, alloys and composites discussed, including steels, titanium alloys and polymer composites. In part four, the effect of SCC in various industries is examined, with chapters covering subjects such as aerospace engineering, nuclear reactors, utilities and pipelines. With its distinguished editors and international team of contributors, Stress corrosion cracking is an essential reference for engineers and designers working with metals, alloys and polymers, and will be an invaluable tool for any industries in which metallic components are exposed to tension, corrosive environments at ambient and high temperatures. Examines the mechanisms of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) presenting recognising testing methods and materials resistant to SCC Assesses the effect of SCC on particular metals featuring steel, stainless steel, nickel-based alloys, magnesium alloys, copper-based alloys and welds in steels Reviews the monitoring and management of SCC and the affect of SCC in different industries such as petrochemical and aerospace

Download or read book Stress corrosion Cracking and Hydrogen stress Cracking of High strength Steel written by Ellis E. Fletcher and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-strength steels are susceptible to delayed cracking under suitable conditions. Frequently such a brittle failure occurs at a stress that is only a fraction of the nominal yield strength. Considerable controversy exists over whether such failures result from two separate and distinct phenomena or whether there is but one mechanism called by two different names. Stress-corrosion cracking is the process in which a crack propagates, at least partially, by the stress induced corrosion of a susceptible metal at the advancing tip of the stress-corrosion crack. There is considerable evidence that this cracking results from the electrtrochemical corrosion of a metal subjected to tensile stresses, either residual or externally applied. Hydrogen-stress cracking is cracking which occurs as the result of hydrogen in the metal lattice in combination with tensile stresses. Hydrogen-stress cracking cannot occur if hydrogen is prevented from entering the steel, or if hydrogen that has entered during processing or service is removed before permanent damage has occurred. It is generally agreed that corrosion plays no part in the actual fracture mechanism. This report was prepared to point out wherein the two fracture mechanisms under consideration are similar and wherein they differ. From the evidence available today, the present authors have concluded that there are two distinct mechansims of delayed failure. (Author).

Download or read book Guidelines for Submerged Floating Tube Bridges written by FIB – International Federation for Structural Concrete and published by FIB - International Federation for Structural Concrete. This book was released on 2020-10-01 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This bulletin is a guidelines document for “Submerged Floating Tube Bridges”, that represents an innovation in Marine Concrete Structures. This theme is considered important for Commission 1 since in the future several applications are forecast in marine environments. Submerged Floating Tube Bridges are a solution that can be proposed to solve different problems in passing water constrains as lakes and fiords, reducing the impact and allowing several economic advantages. The guidelines certainly will boost the application of Submerged Floating Tube Bridges since the document is useful not only for designers but also for construction companies, owners and public administrations. As guidelines, the bulletin gives wide information on the design, construction and management of these structures, allowing all the users to be confident in promoting the use of Submerged Floating Tube Bridges.

Download or read book Simulation of Electrochemical Processes II written by V.G. DeGiorgi and published by WIT Press. This book was released on 2007-04-10 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains papers presented at the Second International Conference in this successful series, which presents and discusses the state-of-the-art on the computer simulation of corrosion, electrochemical processes and the electrical and electromagnetic fields associated with them.Modern industry applies a wide range of electrochemical processes to protect against corrosion, provide surface treatments and to manufacture products. This book focuses on the computer modelling of these industrial processes and techniques by examining the developments of computational models and their application in practice.Featured topics include: Cathodic Protection Systems; Modelling Methodologies; Electrodeposition and Electroforming; Modelling of Coatings; Modelling Stress Corrosion, Cracking and Corrosion Fatigue; Modelling and Corrosion of Surface Coatings; Interference and Signature Control; Anodic Protection; Electrocoating and Plating; Optimisation of Control Systems; Detection and Monitoring of Corrosion; Measurement Techniques; Fuel on Photovoltaic Cells; Electrolysis Reactors; Comparison of Experimental Measurements and Computer results, Case Studies.

Download or read book Structural Concrete Volume 3 written by fib Fédération internationale du béton and published by fib Fédération internationale du béton. This book was released on 2010 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of the Structural Concrete Textbook is an extensive revision that reflects advances in knowledge and technology over the past decade. It was prepared in the intermediate period from the CEP-FIP Model Code 1990 (MC90) tofib Model Code 2010 (MC2010), and as such incorporates a significant amount of information that has been already finalized for MC2010, while keeping some material from MC90 that was not yet modified considerably. The objective of the Textbook is to give detailed information on a wide range of concrete engineering from selection of appropriate structural system and also materials, through design and execution and finally behaviour in use. The revised fib Structural Concrete Textbook covers the following main topics: phases of design process, conceptual design, short and long term properties of conventional concrete (including creep, shrinkage, fatigue and temperature influences), special types of concretes (such as self compacting concrete, architectural concrete, fibre reinforced concrete, high and ultra high performance concrete), properties of reinforcing and prestressing materials, bond, tension stiffening, moment-curvature, confining effect, dowel action, aggregate interlock; structural analysis (with or without time dependent effects), definition of limit states, control of cracking and deformations, design for moment, shear or torsion, buckling, fatigue, anchorages, splices, detailing; design for durability (including service life design aspects, deterioration mechanisms, modelling of deterioration mechanisms, environmental influences, influences of design and execution on durability); fire design (including changes in material and structural properties, spalling, degree of deterioration), member design (linear members and slabs with reinforcement layout, deep beams); management, assessment, maintenance, repair (including, conservation strategies, risk management, types of interventions) as well as aspects of execution (quality assurance), formwork and curing. The updated Textbook provides the basics of material and structural behaviour and the fundamental knowledge needed for the design, assessment or retrofitting of concrete structures. It will be essential reading material for graduate students in the field of structural concrete, and also assist designers and consultants in understanding the background to the rules they apply in their practice. Furthermore, it should prove particularly valuable to users of the new editions of Eurocode 2 for concrete buildings, bridges and container structures, which are based only partly on MC90 and partly on more recent knowledge which was not included in the 1999 edition of the Textbook.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Iron Steel and Their Alloys Online Version written by George E. Totten and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-01-06 with total page 3918 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first of many important works featured in CRC Press’ Metals and Alloys Encyclopedia Collection, the Encyclopedia of Iron, Steel, and Their Alloys covers all the fundamental, theoretical, and application-related aspects of the metallurgical science, engineering, and technology of iron, steel, and their alloys. This Five-Volume Set addresses topics such as extractive metallurgy, powder metallurgy and processing, physical metallurgy, production engineering, corrosion engineering, thermal processing, metalworking, welding, iron- and steelmaking, heat treating, rolling, casting, hot and cold forming, surface finishing and coating, crystallography, metallography, computational metallurgy, metal-matrix composites, intermetallics, nano- and micro-structured metals and alloys, nano- and micro-alloying effects, special steels, and mining. A valuable reference for materials scientists and engineers, chemists, manufacturers, miners, researchers, and students, this must-have encyclopedia: Provides extensive coverage of properties and recommended practices Includes a wealth of helpful charts, nomograms, and figures Contains cross referencing for quick and easy search Each entry is written by a subject-matter expert and reviewed by an international panel of renowned researchers from academia, government, and industry. Also Available Online This Taylor & Francis encyclopedia is also available through online subscription, offering a variety of extra benefits for researchers, students, and librarians, including: Citation tracking and alerts Active reference linking Saved searches and marked lists HTML and PDF format options Contact Taylor and Francis for more information or to inquire about subscription options and print/online combination packages. US: (Tel) 1.888.318.2367; (E-mail) [email protected] International: (Tel) +44 (0) 20 7017 6062; (E-mail) [email protected]

Download or read book Proceedings fib Symposium in Stuttgart written by FIB – International Federation for Structural Concrete and published by FIB - Féd. Int. du Béton. This book was released on 2008-09-01 with total page 1168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Effect of Strain Rate on the Stress Corrosion Cracking of Steels for Prestressing Concrete written by L. Caballero and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of the paper is to investigate the stress corrosion cracking behavior of prestressing steels under general practical conditions. An aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide with small additions of sodium chloride has been used, the pH being 12.5 and the potential -0.6-V standard calomel electrode (SCE) as well as -1.2-V (SCE). Both tension tests at constant load and constant strain rate have been performed on specimens precracked by fatigue. The experimental results show that the constant load test, as proposed by the Prestressing International Federation (FIP), may be improved by the constant slow strain rate test in a realistic environment, needing a smaller number of tests and showing that in some cases fractures happen at stress intensity factor K1 values below the stress intensity threshold factor KISCC value as determined by a constant load test.

Download or read book The Influence of Material Factors Including Cold Work on the Susceptibility of Stainless Steels to Stress Corrosion Cracking written by Ismaila Idowu Ahmed and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 219 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Effect of Prestressing on Stress Corrosion Crack Initiation in High Strength Type 4340 Steel written by WG. Clark and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A preliminary investigation was conducted to evaluate the influence of both tension and compression prestressing (in air) on the subsequent stress-corrosion crack initiation behavior of two high-strength AISI type 4340 steels, 1240-MPa (180-ksi) and 1480-MPa (215-ksi) yield strength. Crack initiation testing was conducted with edge-notched, round tensile specimens subjected to a hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas environment. Test results are expressed in terms of the critical combination of maximum elastically calculated notch stress and square root of the notch radius required to induce stress-corrosion cracking. Results show that prestressing can have a significant effect on subsequent stress-corrosion behavior. In general, tension prestressing increased the resistance to stress-corrosion crack initiation and compressive prestressing decreased the resistance. The susceptibility to stress-corrosion crack initiation was increased by as much as a factor of 4 to 1 as the result of compressive prestressing.

Download or read book Life Cycle Civil Engineering Innovation Theory and Practice written by Airong Chen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-02-26 with total page 2619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life-Cycle Civil Engineering: Innovation, Theory and Practice contains the lectures and papers presented at IALCCE2020, the Seventh International Symposium on Life-Cycle Civil Engineering, held in Shanghai, China, October 27-30, 2020. It consists of a book of extended abstracts and a USB card containing the full papers of 230 contributions, including the Fazlur R. Khan lecture, eight keynote lectures, and 221 technical papers from all over the world. All major aspects of life-cycle engineering are addressed, with special emphasis on life-cycle design, assessment, maintenance and management of structures and infrastructure systems under various deterioration mechanisms due to various environmental hazards. It is expected that the proceedings of IALCCE2020 will serve as a valuable reference to anyone interested in life-cycle of civil infrastructure systems, including students, researchers, engineers and practitioners from all areas of engineering and industry.

Download or read book Stress corrosion Cracking in High Strength Steels and in Titanium and Aluminum Alloys written by Benjamin Floyd Brown and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book 2006 Fib Awards for Outstanding Concrete Structures written by fib Fédération internationale du béton and published by fib Fédération internationale du béton. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ib Bulletin 36 presents the structures that were selected as winners, special mentions and nominees in the 2006 edition of the fib Awards for Outstanding Concrete Structures competition. The awards are attributed in two categories, "Buildings" and "Civil Engineering Structures", and give international recognition to structures that demonstrate the versatility of concrete as a structural medium.

Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 804 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Residual Stress and Deformation of Steel written by George E. Totten and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2002 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annotation Examines the factors that contribute to overall steel deformation problems. The 27 articles address the effect of materials and processing, the measurement and prediction of residual stress and distortion, and residual stress formation in the shaping of materials, during hardening processes, and during manufacturing processes. Some of the topics are the stability and relaxation behavior of macro and micro residual stresses, stress determination in coatings, the effects of process equipment design, the application of metallo- thermo-mechanic to quenching, inducing compressive stresses through controlled shot peening, and the origin and assessment of residual stresses during welding and brazing. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)