Download or read book Influence of Cathode Structure on Electrochemical Performance of Lithium ion Batteries written by Maira Indrikova and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Modeling transport properties and electrochemical performance of hierarchically structured lithium ion battery cathodes using resistor networks and mathematical half cell models written by Birkholz, Oleg and published by KIT Scientific Publishing. This book was released on 2022-10-05 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hierarchically structured active materials in electrodes of lithium-ion cells are promising candidates for increasing gravimetric energy density and improving rate capability of the system. To investigate the influence of cathode structures on the performance of the whole cell, efficient tools for calculating effective transport properties of granular systems are developed and their influence on the electrochemical performance is investigated in specially adapted cell models.
Download or read book Lithium Batteries written by Bruno Scrosati and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-06-18 with total page 495 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains the current state of the science and points the way to technological advances First developed in the late 1980s, lithium-ion batteries now power everything from tablet computers to power tools to electric cars. Despite tremendous progress in the last two decades in the engineering and manufacturing of lithium-ion batteries, they are currently unable to meet the energy and power demands of many new and emerging devices. This book sets the stage for the development of a new generation of higher-energy density, rechargeable lithium-ion batteries by advancing battery chemistry and identifying new electrode and electrolyte materials. The first chapter of Lithium Batteries sets the foundation for the rest of the book with a brief account of the history of lithium-ion battery development. Next, the book covers such topics as: Advanced organic and ionic liquid electrolytes for battery applications Advanced cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries Metal fluorosulphates capable of doubling the energy density of lithium-ion batteries Efforts to develop lithium-air batteries Alternative anode rechargeable batteries such as magnesium and sodium anode systems Each of the sixteen chapters has been contributed by one or more leading experts in electrochemistry and lithium battery technology. Their contributions are based on the latest published findings as well as their own firsthand laboratory experience. Figures throughout the book help readers understand the concepts underlying the latest efforts to advance the science of batteries and develop new materials. Readers will also find a bibliography at the end of each chapter to facilitate further research into individual topics. Lithium Batteries provides electrochemistry students and researchers with a snapshot of current efforts to improve battery performance as well as the tools needed to advance their own research efforts.
Download or read book Physical Multiscale Modeling and Numerical Simulation of Electrochemical Devices for Energy Conversion and Storage written by Alejandro A. Franco and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-12 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to review innovative physical multiscale modeling methods which numerically simulate the structure and properties of electrochemical devices for energy storage and conversion. Written by world-class experts in the field, it revisits concepts, methodologies and approaches connecting ab initio with micro-, meso- and macro-scale modeling of components and cells. It also discusses the major scientific challenges of this field, such as that of lithium-ion batteries. This book demonstrates how fuel cells and batteries can be brought together to take advantage of well-established multi-scale physical modeling methodologies to advance research in this area. This book also highlights promising capabilities of such approaches for inexpensive virtual experimentation. In recent years, electrochemical systems such as polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells, solid oxide fuel cells, water electrolyzers, lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors have attracted much attention due to their potential for clean energy conversion and as storage devices. This has resulted in tremendous technological progress, such as the development of new electrolytes and new engineering designs of electrode structures. However, these technologies do not yet possess all the necessary characteristics, especially in terms of cost and durability, to compete within the most attractive markets. Physical multiscale modeling approaches bridge the gap between materials’ atomistic and structural properties and the macroscopic behavior of a device. They play a crucial role in optimizing the materials and operation in real-life conditions, thereby enabling enhanced cell performance and durability at a reduced cost. This book provides a valuable resource for researchers, engineers and students interested in physical modelling, numerical simulation, electrochemistry and theoretical chemistry.
Download or read book Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries written by Christian Julien and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2000-10-31 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A lithium-ion battery comprises essentially three components: two intercalation compounds as positive and negative electrodes, separated by an ionic-electronic electrolyte. Each component is discussed in sufficient detail to give the practising engineer an understanding of the subject, providing guidance on the selection of suitable materials in actual applications. Each topic covered is written by an expert, reflecting many years of experience in research and applications. Each topic is provided with an extensive list of references, allowing easy access to further information. Readership: Research students and engineers seeking an expert review. Graduate courses in electrical drives can also be designed around the book by selecting sections for discussion. The coverage and treatment make the book indispensable for the lithium battery community.
Download or read book Nanomaterials for Lithium Ion Batteries written by Rachid Yazami and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-10-08 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the most recent advances in the science and technology of nanostructured materials for lithium-ion application. With contributions from renowned scientists and technologists, the chapters discuss state-of-the-art research on nanostructured anode and cathode materials, some already used in commercial batteries and others still in development. They include nanostructured anode materials based on Si, Ge, Sn, and other metals and metal oxides together with cathode materials of olivine, the hexagonal and spinel crystal structures.
Download or read book Lithium Batteries written by Gholam-Abbas Nazri and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-14 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lithium Batteries: Science and Technology is an up-to-date and comprehensive compendium on advanced power sources and energy related topics. Each chapter is a detailed and thorough treatment of its subject. The volume includes several tutorials and contributes to an understanding of the many fields that impact the development of lithium batteries. Recent advances on various components are included and numerous examples of innovation are presented. Extensive references are given at the end of each chapter. All contributors are internationally recognized experts in their respective specialty. The fundamental knowledge necessary for designing new battery materials with desired physical and chemical properties including structural, electronic and reactivity are discussed. The molecular engineering of battery materials is treated by the most advanced theoretical and experimental methods.
Download or read book Nanomaterials for Energy Conversion and Storage written by G. Amatucci and published by The Electrochemical Society. This book was released on 2008-08 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The papers included in this issue of ECS Transactions were originally presented in the symposium ¿Nanomaterials for Energy Conversion and Storage¿, held during the 212th meeting of The Electrochemical Society, in Washington, DC, from October 7 to 12, 2007.
Download or read book Lithium ion Batteries written by Perla B. Balbuena and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2004 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This invaluable book focuses on the mechanisms of formation of a solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the electrode surfaces of lithium-ion batteries. The SEI film is due to electromechanical reduction of species present in the electrolyte. It is widely recognized that the presence of the film plays an essential role in the battery performance, and its very nature can determine an extended (or shorter) life for the battery. In spite of the numerous related research efforts, details on the stability of the SEI composition and its influence on the battery capacity are still controversial. This book carefully analyzes and discusses the most recent findings and advances on this topic.
Download or read book Batteries for Sustainability written by Ralph J. Brodd and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-12 with total page 513 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Batteries that can store electricity from solar and wind generation farms are a key component of a sustainable energy strategy. Featuring 15 peer-reviewed entries from the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, this book presents a wide range of battery types and components, from nanocarbons for supercapacitors to lead acid battery systems and technology. Worldwide experts provides a snapshot-in-time of the state-of-the art in battery-related R&D, with a particular focus on rechargeable batteries. Such batteries can store electrical energy generated by renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and hydropower installations with high efficiency and release it on demand. They are efficient, non-polluting, self-contained devices, and their components can be recovered and used to recreate battery systems. Coverage also highlights the significant efforts currently underway to adapt battery technology to power cars, trucks and buses in order to eliminate pollution from petroleum combustion. Written for an audience of undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and industry experts, Batteries for Sustainability is an invaluable one-stop reference to this essential area of energy technology.
Download or read book Structural and Electrochemical Characterization of High energy Oxide Cathodes for Lithium Ion Batteries written by Eun Sung Lee and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lithium-ion batteries are the most promising rechargeable battery system for both vehicle applications and stationary storage of electricity produced from renewable sources such as solar and wind energies. However, the current lithium ion technology does not fully meet the requirements of these applications in terms of energy and power density. One approach to realizing a combination of high energy and power density is to use a composite cathode that consists of the high-capacity lithium-rich layered oxide Li[Li, Mn, Ni, Co]O2 and the high-voltage spinel oxide LiMn[subscript 1.5]Ni[subscript 0.5]O4. This dissertation explores the unique structural characteristics and their effect on the electrochemical performance of the layered-spinel composite oxide cathodes along with individual layered and spinel oxides over a wide voltage range (5.0 -- 2.0 V). Initially, the effect of cation ordering on the electrochemical and structural characteristics of LiMn[subscript 1.5]Ni[subscript 0.5]O4 during cycling between 5.0 and 2.0 V were investigated by an analysis of the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electrochemical data. Structural studies revealed that the cation ordering affects the size of the empty-octahedral sites in the spinel lattice. The differences in the size of the empty-octahedral sites affect the discharge profile below 3 V due to the variation in lattice distortion during lithium ion insertion into 16c octahedral sites. With the doped LiMn1.5Ni0.5-xMxO4 (M = Cr, Fe, Co, and Ga) spinels, different dopant ions have different effects on the degree of cation ordering due to the differences in ionic radii and surface-segregation characteristics. The compositional and wt.% variations of the layered and spinel phases from the nominal values in the layered-spinel composites were obtained by employing a joint XRD and neutron diffraction (ND) Rietveld refinement method. With the obtained composition and ex-situ XRD data, the mechanism for the increase in capacity and the facile phase transformation of the layered phase in the composite cathodes to a 3 V spinel-like phase during cycling was proposed. Investigations focused on synthesis temperature revealed that the electrochemical characteristics of the composites are highly affected by the synthesis temperature due to the change in the surface area of the sample and cation ordering of the spinel phase. In addition, the electrochemical performance of the lithium-rich layered oxide Li[Li, Mn, Ni, Co]O2 could be improved by blending it with a lithium-free insertion host VO2(B) and by controlling the amount of lithium ions extracted from the layered lattice during the first charge process.
Download or read book Interfaces in Lithium Ion Batteries written by Andrea Paolella and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Principles and Applications of Lithium Secondary Batteries written by Jung-Ki Park and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-06-13 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lithium secondary batteries have been key to mobile electronics since 1990. Large-format batteries typically for electric vehicles and energy storage systems are attracting much attention due to current energy and environmental issues. Lithium batteries are expected to play a central role in boosting green technologies. Therefore, a large number of scientists and engineers are carrying out research and development on lithium secondary batteries. The book is written in a straightforward fashion suitable for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as scientists, and engineers starting out in the field. The chapters in this book have been thoroughly edited by a collective of experts to achieve a cohesive book with a consistent style, level, and philosophy. They cover a wide range of topics, including principles and technologies of key materials such as the cathode, anode, electrolyte, and separator. Battery technologies such as design, manufacturing processes, and evaluation methods as well as applications are addressed. In addition, analytical methods for determining electrochemical and other properties of batteries are also included. Hence, this book is a must-have for everyone interested in obtaining all the basic information on lithium secondary batteries.
Download or read book Lithium Iron Phosphate A Promising Cathode Active Material for Lithium Secondary Batteries written by Gouri Cheruvally and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2008-04-26 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the first development of lithium-ion batteries in the early 1990s, there have been tremendous advances in the science and technology of these electrochemical energy sources. At present, lithium batteries dominate the field of advanced power sources and have almost entirely replaced their bulkier and less energetic counterparts such as nickel-cadmium and nickel-metalhydride batteries; especially in portable electronic devices. But lithium batteries are still the object of continuing intense research aimed at making further improvements in performance and safety, at lower cost, so as to make them suitable for higher-power and more demanding applications such as electric vehicles. The research and development of new electrode materials, particularly for cathodes, having an improved electrochemical performance has always been a matter of changing focus. Thus, olivine, lithium iron phosphate, has attracted considerable attention in recent years as a safe, environmentally friendly, extremely stable and very promising cathode material.
Download or read book Electrochemical Energy Storage written by Jean-Marie Tarascon and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-23 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The electrochemical storage of energy has become essential in assisting the development of electrical transport and use of renewable energies. French researchers have played a key role in this domain but Asia is currently the market leader. Not wanting to see history repeat itself, France created the research network on electrochemical energy storage (RS2E) in 2011. This book discusses the launch of RS2E, its stakeholders, objectives, and integrated structure that assures a continuum between basic research, technological research and industries. Here, the authors will cover the technological advances as well as the challenges that must still be resolved in the field of electrochemical storage, taking into account sustainable development and the limited time available to us.
Download or read book Studies on Anionic Redox in Li Rich Cathode Materials of Li Ion Batteries written by Biao Li and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-13 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents studies and discussions on anionic redox, which can be used to boost the capacities of cathode electrodes by providing extra electron transfer. This theoretically and practically significant book facilitates the implementation of anionic redox in electrodes for real-world use and accelerates the development of high-energy-density lithium-ion batteries. Lithium-ion batteries, as energy storage systems, are playing a more and more important role in powering modern society. However, their energy density is still limited by the low specific capacity of the cathode electrodes. Based on a profound understanding of band theory, the author has achieved considerable advances in tuning the redox process of lithium-rich electrodes to obtain enhanced electrochemical performance, identifying both the stability mechanism of anionic redox in lithium-rich cathode materials, and its activation mechanism in these electrode systems.
Download or read book High Energy Density Cathode Active Materials for Lithium ion Batteries written by Mehmet Nurullah Ates and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 149 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renewable energy sources such as solar energy, wind and hydroelectric power are increasingly being developed as essential energy alternatives to alleviate the deleterious effects of greenhouse gases in the globe. Large scale energy storage is an indispensable component of renewable energy sources and in this context, Li-ion batteries (LIBs), due to their high energy and power densities and long cycle life, have spurred great interest. Current Li-ion battery technology employs lithium cobalt oxide, LiCoO2, or one of its congeners, in which some of the Co is substituted with Ni and/or Mn as cathode active material. The deficiencies of LiCoO2 include: i-) low capacity with only 0.5 mole of Li+ is being reversibly used in the battery leading to 140 mAh/g discharge capacity at low to medium rates, ii-) high cost, and iii-) environmental concerns arising from the harmful physiological effects of Co metal. In order to overcome these deficiencies of LiCoO2, Li-rich layered metal dioxides, also known as layered-layered lithiated metal oxide composite compound, formulated as xLi2MnO3.(1-x)LiMO2 (M=Mn, Ni or Co), have been proposed recently. This dissertation presents an account of investigations leading to advanced materials which overcome the deficiencies of this class of high energy density Li-ion battery cathodes. Chapter 1 discusses the fundamental aspects of generic battery systems and elaborates on the current state of the art of rechargeable Li batteries. Chapter 2 deals with the discovery of the material 0.3Li2MnO3.0.7LiNi0.5Co0.5O2 (LLNC) that allowed us to conclude which segment of the lithium rich layered composite metal oxide is responsible for structural transformation from the layered to spinel phase during charge/discharge cycling. The crystal structure and electrochemistry of this new cathode active material in Li cells have been compared to that of 0.3Li2MnO3.0.7LiMn0.33Ni0.33Co0.33O2 (LLNMC). In LLNC, the removal of Mn from the LiMO2 (M=transition metal) segment allowed us to determine the identity of the manganese oxide moiety in it that triggers the layered to spinel conversion during cycling. The new material LLNC resists the layered to spinel structural transformation under conditions in which LLNMC does. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed that both compounds, synthesized as approximately 300 nm crystals, have identical super lattice ordering attributed to Li2MnO3 existence. Using X-ray absorption (XAS) spectroscopy we elucidated the oxidation states of the K edges of Ni and Mn in the two materials with respect to different charge and discharge states. The XAS data along with electrochemical results revealed that Mn atoms are not present in the LiMO2 structural segment in LLNC. Electrochemical cycling data from Li cells further revealed that the absence of Mn in the LiMO2 segment significantly improves the rate capabilities of LLNC with good capacity maintenance during long term cycling. Removing the Mn from the LiMO2 segment of lithium rich layered metal oxides appears to be a holistic strategy for improving the structural robustness and rate capabilities of these high capacity cathode materials for Li-ion batteries. Chapter 3 examines the effect of alkali ion doping (Na+) into the cathode material of the composition 0.3Li2MnO3.0.7LiMn0.33Ni0.33Co0.33O2 (LLNMC). The 5 wt. % Na doped material, formulated as 0.3Li2MnO3.0.7Li0.97Na0.03Mn0.33Ni0.33Co0.33O2, was compared to its counterpart without Na doping. The discharge rate capability of the LLNMC was greatly improved at both room temperature and 50 0C with the Na doping. The Na doped material exhibited significantly higher electronic conductivity than its un-doped analog as evidenced by dc electronic conductivity data and AC impedance of Li cells. Charge/discharge cycling results of Li cells containing these cathode materials at 50 0C indicated that the voltage decay of LLNMC, accompanied by a layer to spinel structural conversion, was mitigated with Na doping. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that ionic exchange of Na occurs upon contact of the cathode material with the electrolyte and produces a volume expansion of the crystal lattice which triggers a favorable metal (probably Ni) migration to Li depleted regions during electrochemical oxidation of Li2MnO3 in the first charge. X-ray absorption near edge spectra (XANES) data showed that Na doped NMC has better Ni reduction efficiency to provide higher rate capability. Extended X-ray absorption fine spectra (EXAFS) data supported this conclusion by showing that in the case of Na doped LLNMC, the structure has a larger crystal cage allowing for better metal migration into the Li depleted regions located in the layered unit cell of C2/m space group. XANES of Mn K-edge supported by pre-edge analysis also revealed that during charging of the electrode, the Na doped NMC was oxidized to a higher Mn valence state compared to its undoped counterpart. The results of a comprehensive electrochemical and structural investigations of a wide range of lithium rich layered metal oxide cathode active materials, xLi2MnO3.(1-x)LiMnaNibCocO2 (where x, a, b and c vary) are reported in Chapter 4. In order to identify the cathode material having the optimum Li cell performance we first varied the ratio between Li2MnO3 and LiMO2 segments of the composite oxides while maintaining the same metal ratio residing within their LiMO2 segments. The materials with the overall composition 0.5Li2MnO3.0.5LiMO2 containing 0.5 mole of Li2MnO3 per mole of the composite metal oxide were found to be the optimum in terms of electrochemical performance. The electrochemical properties of these materials were further tuned by changing the relative amounts of Mn, Ni and Co in the LiMO2 segment to produce xLi2MnO3.(1-x)LiMn0.50Ni0.35Co0.15O2 with enhanced capacities and rate capabilities. The rate capability of the lithium rich compound in which x=0.3 was further increased by preparing electrodes with about 2 weight-percent multiwall carbon nanotube in the electrode. Lithium cells prepared with such electrodes were cycled at the 4C rate with little fade in capacity for over one hundred cycles. In Chapter 5, the results of a new synthesis technique, called self-ignition combustion (SIC), that dramatically enhanced the rate capabilities of a lithium rich layered metal oxide compound we prepared are discussed. In this chapter, we report a high rate Li-rich layered manganese nickel cobalt (MNC) cathode material of the composition 0.5Li2MnO3.0.5LiMn0.5Ni0.35Co 0.15O2, termed SIC-MNC cathode material for Li-ion batteries with discharge capacities of 200, 250, and 290 mAh/g at C, C/4 and C/20 rates, respectively. This high rate discharge performance combined with little capacity fade during long term cycling is unprecedented for this class of Li-ion cathode materials. The exceptional electrochemistry of the Li-rich SIC-MNC in Li-ion cells is attributed to its open porous morphology and high electronic conductivity. The structure of the material investigated by means of X-ray diffraction, High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy combined with electrochemical data revealed that the porous morphology was effective in allowing electrolyte penetration through the particle grains to provide high Li+ transport in tandem with high electronic conductivity for high rate discharge. Extended cycling behavior and structural phase transition of the new material were further examined through Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), XRD, XAS and HRTEM. The new SIC-MNC cathode represents the long sought after next generation cathode material for Li-ion batteries with pecific energy exceeding 400 Wh/kg or energy density over 1000 Wh/l. The conclusion and future directions are presented in Chapter 6.
