Download or read book Inequality Crime and Public Policy Routledge Revivals written by John Braithwaite and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1979, Inequality, Crime, and Public Policy integrates and interprets the vast corpus of existing research on social class, slums, and crime, and presents its own findings on these matters. It explores two major questions. First, do policies designed to redistribute wealth and power within capitalist societies have effects upon crime? Second, do policies created to overcome the residential segregation of social classes have effects on crime? The book provides a brilliantly comprehensive and systematic review of the empirical evidence to support or refute the classic theories of Engles, Bonger, Merton, Cloward and Ohlin, Cohen, Miller, Shaw and McKay, amongst many others. Braithwaite confronts these theories with evidence of the extent and nature of white collar crime, and a consideration of the way law enhancement and law enforcement might serve class interest.
Download or read book Crime Inequality and Power written by Eileen B. Leonard and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-04-10 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Crime, Inequality and Power challenges the dominant definitions of crime and the criminal through its uniquely comparative approach. In this book Eileen Leonard analyzes multiple forms of criminal behavior in the United States, including violence, sexual assault, theft, and drug law violations, whilst also asking readers to consider the parallels between crimes that are rarely thought comparable. Leonard’s juxtaposition of familiar street crimes, such as car theft, alongside large-scale corporate theft, vividly exposes profound inequalities in the way crime is defined, and the treatment it receives within the criminal justice system. Leonard’s analysis also reveals the underlying inequalities of race, class, and gender which enable the perpetuation of such crimes, as well as calling into question the reality of fundamental American ideals of fairness and equal justice. Moreover, the book questions whether current policies that punish street crime excessively while minimizing the crimes of the powerful, fail to keep the public safe. A broader consideration of crime, and the inequalities that underlie it, offers a fresh opportunity to rethink public policies and enduring issues of crime and criminal justice. Challenging the many persistent inequalities in the perception of and response to crime, this critique of American crime and punishment will be of interest to undergraduate and postgraduate students, as well as scholars, in the fields of criminology, sociology and law.
Download or read book Inequality Crime And Social Control written by George S Bridges and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 330 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together the most recent advances in theory and research on the relationship between social inequality and the control of criminal behavior, exploring the ways in which social class, race, gender, and age shape societal and organizational responses to crime.
Download or read book Crime and Inequality written by John Hagan and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These essays examine how and why inequality affects the patterning of crime and criminal justice. They evaluate the merits of various theoretical ideas, debates, and controversies regarding crime and inequality; document the dynamics of inequality in varied crime settings; examine methodologies used in exploring the crime-inequality relationship; and set forth new research and policy agendas for future work.
Download or read book Crime and Inequality written by Chris Grover and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines key relationships between material circumstances and crime, and analyzes the areas of social policy – in particular social security and labour market policy – that are most important in terms of dealing with inequality at the lower end of the income hierarchy. It seeks to explain why inequality is linked to offending behaviour and the evidence underpinning explanations for this, and looks in detail at the relationship between offending and anti-social behaviour and its management through social policy interventions. Crime and Inequality draws upon both criminological and social policy approaches to understand this vital relationship, moving beyond criminological approaches which often fail to analyse the way the state attempts to manage poor material circumstance, offending and anti-social behaviour through social policy. The main aims of the book are threefold: to draw upon the disciplines of both criminology and social policy to understand the relationship between crime and inequality; to provide an in-depth analysis of those aspects of social policy that have a bearing on the context, management and punishment of offending behaviour; to examine government crime and anti-social behaviour policies in the context of social security and labour market policies, and to identify the tensions that have resulted from attempts to address social justice issues while also making individuals responsible for their actions.
Download or read book Crime Inequality and the State written by Mary Vogel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-28 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why has crime dropped while imprisonment grows? This well-edited volume of ground-breaking articles explores criminal justice policy in light of recent research on changing patterns of crime and criminal careers. Highlighting the role of conservative social and political theory in giving rise to criminal justice policies, this innovative book focuses on such policies as ‘three strikes (two in the UK) and you’re out’, mandatory sentencing and widespread incarceration of drug offenders. It highlights the costs - in both money and opportunity - of increased prison expansion and explores factors such as: labour market dynamics the rise of a ‘prison industry’ the boost prisons provide to economies of underdeveloped regions the spreading political disenfranchisement of the disadvantaged it has produced. Throughout this book, hard facts and figures are accompanied by the faces and voices of the individuals and families whose lives hang in the balance. This volume, an essential resource for students, policy makers and researchers of criminology, criminal justice, social policy and criminal law, uses a compelling inter-play of theoretical works and powerful empirical research to present vivid portraits of individual life experiences.
Download or read book Juvenile Crime Juvenile Justice written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-06-05 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Even though youth crime rates have fallen since the mid-1990s, public fear and political rhetoric over the issue have heightened. The Columbine shootings and other sensational incidents add to the furor. Often overlooked are the underlying problems of child poverty, social disadvantage, and the pitfalls inherent to adolescent decisionmaking that contribute to youth crime. From a policy standpoint, adolescent offenders are caught in the crossfire between nurturance of youth and punishment of criminals, between rehabilitation and "get tough" pronouncements. In the midst of this emotional debate, the National Research Council's Panel on Juvenile Crime steps forward with an authoritative review of the best available data and analysis. Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents recommendations for addressing the many aspects of America's youth crime problem. This timely release discusses patterns and trends in crimes by children and adolescentsâ€"trends revealed by arrest data, victim reports, and other sources; youth crime within general crime; and race and sex disparities. The book explores desistanceâ€"the probability that delinquency or criminal activities decrease with ageâ€"and evaluates different approaches to predicting future crime rates. Why do young people turn to delinquency? Juvenile Crime, Juvenile Justice presents what we know and what we urgently need to find out about contributing factors, ranging from prenatal care, differences in temperament, and family influences to the role of peer relationships, the impact of the school policies toward delinquency, and the broader influences of the neighborhood and community. Equally important, this book examines a range of solutions: Prevention and intervention efforts directed to individuals, peer groups, and families, as well as day care-, school- and community-based initiatives. Intervention within the juvenile justice system. Role of the police. Processing and detention of youth offenders. Transferring youths to the adult judicial system. Residential placement of juveniles. The book includes background on the American juvenile court system, useful comparisons with the juvenile justice systems of other nations, and other important information for assessing this problem.
Download or read book Crime and Social Inequality written by Roderick Q. Neal and published by . This book was released on 2011-12-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preface This book was prepared, with you, the student in mind. It is designed to help you understand and apply the theories, concepts, and terms related to criminal behavior, social inequality, juvenile delinquency, and the drug crime relationship. This book can be used as a stand-alone text for criminal behavior and juvenile delinquency. The book is also designed to accompany any books in criminology. It may also be used with any sociology text to enhance specific chapters on crime and deviance, social stratification, race and ethnicity, population, urbanization, and theory. The text will aide in giving a more thorough examination of those particular chapters. The text can be used as supplemental materials in other disciplines such as criminal justice, specifically juvenile justice and corrections. I would recommend this book to law makers, legal practitioners, law enforcement officers, correctional officers, and law enforcement training personnel. This text is an interdisciplinary approach, multi-directional and multifaceted. "The fields are changing daily, as new theories of causation are proposed; as novel forms of crime take their place alongside traditional ones; and as policymakers strive to embrace ever more effective crime control techniques in legislative debates, social programs, and innovative alternatives to incarceration, in addition to examining social policies. Further, this book will provide a historical and sociological perspective on the intersection of race, communities, and crime. The course will also examine the inequalities that exist in the criminal justice system, from policy to policing, arrest, sentencing, incarceration and the scope and significance of the disenfranchisement of the individuals that are affected. The course will also conceptualize the development of the black community its maintenance and structural conditions which have a significant impact on criminal behavior. This book will discuss the theoretical explanations of social inequality, with a focus on social class. The area upon which I placed more emphasis was the development of the underclass. The factors significantly related to poverty, the Broken Window Theory, and social disorganization will be linked to crime. In chapter 3, you will find a model which illustrates the theoretical views linking social class and crime. The main objective of the model is to enhance the readers understanding of the crime and social class relationship, specifically between the underclass and crime. * Crime and Social Inequality emphasizes the wide and interdisciplinary variety of academic perspectives that contribute to a thorough and well-informed understanding of the crime problem-hence the book''s subtitle. * Crime and Social Inequality is up-to-date. It addresses the latest problems and discusses innovative alternative perspectives within a well-grounded and traditional theoretical framework for incarceration. * Crime and Social Inequality contrasts contemporary issues of crime and social order with existing and proposed crime control policies, and recommendations. The culmination of my academic and professional experiences prepared me to write this book. Chapter one through three are a demonstration of my knowledge and expertise in crime and social inequality which was used as a satisfying preliminary examination for my Ph.D. Chapter four and five were produced as a result of my research interest. As a Judicial Officer for the West Virginia supreme court of appeals I was allowed to gain firsthand knowledge of law enforcement, judicial, and correctional applications and procedures. That was an extremely rewarding experience. Further I witnessed the strong drug crime relationship, the alarming recidivism rates, disproportionate incarceration rates of the poor and minorities. I was able to examine the inequalities from policy to policing, arrest, sentencing, incarceration and the scope and significance of the disenfranchisement of the individuals that are affected. As an expert witness in Federal Court, I produced sentencing memorandums on the behalf of the defendant. I would argue the inequality in sentencing and the ineffective results of rehabilitation which recidivism rates clearly demonstrate. Further, I explored long term sentences which produce psychological states such as institutionalization and prisonization. I also would argue against determinate sentencing, three strikes you''re out policies which should not be applicable for nonviolent offenders, mandatory minimum terms of imprisonment, the King Pin labels and career criminal labels and statues. Basically, I examined the sentencing disparities that exist.
Download or read book Inequality and Delinquency written by Marino Anton Bruce and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Educational Inequality and Juvenile Crime written by Ricardo Sabates and published by Young Writers. This book was released on 2008 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tracing the Relationship Between Inequality Crime and Punishment written by Nicola Lacey and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2021-02-11 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The question of inequality has moved decisively to the top of the contemporary intellectual agenda. Going beyond Thomas Piketty's focus on wealth, increasing inequalities of various kinds, and their impact on social, political and economic life, now present themselves among the most urgent issues facing scholars in the humanities and the social sciences. Key among these is the relationship between inequality, crime and punishment. The propositions that social inequality shapes crime and punishment, and that crime and punishment themselves cause or exacerbate inequality, are conventional wisdom. Yet, paradoxically, they are also controversial. In this volume, historians, criminologists, lawyers, sociologists and political scientists come together to try to solve this paradox by unpacking these relationships in different contexts. The causal mechanisms underlying these correlations call for investigation by means of a sustained programme of research bringing different disciplines to bear on the problem. This volume develops an interdisciplinary approach which builds on but goes beyond recent comparative and historical research on the institutional, cultural and political-economic factors shaping crime and punishment so as better to understand whether, and if so how and why, social and economic inequality influences levels and types of crime and punishment, and conversely whether crime and punishment shape inequalities.
Download or read book Crime Inequality and the State written by Mary Vogel and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-28 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Why has crime dropped while imprisonment grows? This well-edited volume of ground-breaking articles explores criminal justice policy in light of recent research on changing patterns of crime and criminal careers. Highlighting the role of conservative social and political theory in giving rise to criminal justice policies, this innovative book focuses on such policies as ‘three strikes (two in the UK) and you’re out’, mandatory sentencing and widespread incarceration of drug offenders. It highlights the costs - in both money and opportunity - of increased prison expansion and explores factors such as: labour market dynamics the rise of a ‘prison industry’ the boost prisons provide to economies of underdeveloped regions the spreading political disenfranchisement of the disadvantaged it has produced. Throughout this book, hard facts and figures are accompanied by the faces and voices of the individuals and families whose lives hang in the balance. This volume, an essential resource for students, policy makers and researchers of criminology, criminal justice, social policy and criminal law, uses a compelling inter-play of theoretical works and powerful empirical research to present vivid portraits of individual life experiences.
Download or read book Inequality Crime And Social Control written by George S Bridges and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together the most recent advances in theory and research on the relationship between social inequality and the control of criminal behavior, exploring the ways in which social class, race, gender, and age shape societal and organizational responses to crime.
Download or read book Economics and Youth Violence written by Richard Rosenfeld and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2013-08-19 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do economic conditions such as poverty, unemployment, inflation, and economic growth impact youth violence? Economics and Youth Violence provides a much-needed new perspective on this crucial issue. Pinpointing the economic factors that are most important, the editors and contributors in this volume explore how different kinds of economic issues impact children, adolescents, and their families, schools, and communities.Offering new and important insights regarding the relationship between macroeconomic conditions and youth violence across a variety of times and places, chapters cover such issues as the effect of inflation on youth violence; new quantitative analysis of the connection between race, economic opportunity, and violence; and the cyclical nature of criminal backgrounds and economic disadvantage among families. Highlighting the complexities in the relationship between economic conditions, juvenile offenses, and the community and situational contexts in which their connections are forged, Economics and Youth Violence prompts important questions that will guide future research on the causes and prevention of youth violence. Contributors: Sarah Beth Barnett, Eric P. Baumer, Philippe Bourgois, Shawn Bushway, Philip J. Cook, Robert D. Crutchfield, Linda L. Dahlberg, Mark Edberg, Jeffrey Fagan, Xiangming Fang, Curtis S. Florence, Ekaterina Gorislavsky, Nancy G. Guerra, Karen Heimer, Janet L. Lauritsen, Jennifer L. Matjasko, James A. Mercy, Matthew Phillips, Richard Rosenfeld, Tim Wadsworth, Valerie West, Kevin T. Wolff
Download or read book The Myth of the Community Fix written by Sarah D. Cate and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2023 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The chapter also outlines the approach of the book, which provides a qualitative assessment of changes within the justice system and situates them within a broader policy and historical context. This perspective explores how youth are being treated, what is happening to those no longer sent to state-run prisons, and the complex political story behind how this reform model developed and garnered widespread support. These reforms contribute to a larger pattern of American social policy development toward devolution, privatization, and an emphasis on individual responsibility, rather than on eliminating economic and political inequalities"--
Download or read book The Promise of Adolescence written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-07-26 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adolescenceâ€"beginning with the onset of puberty and ending in the mid-20sâ€"is a critical period of development during which key areas of the brain mature and develop. These changes in brain structure, function, and connectivity mark adolescence as a period of opportunity to discover new vistas, to form relationships with peers and adults, and to explore one's developing identity. It is also a period of resilience that can ameliorate childhood setbacks and set the stage for a thriving trajectory over the life course. Because adolescents comprise nearly one-fourth of the entire U.S. population, the nation needs policies and practices that will better leverage these developmental opportunities to harness the promise of adolescenceâ€"rather than focusing myopically on containing its risks. This report examines the neurobiological and socio-behavioral science of adolescent development and outlines how this knowledge can be applied, both to promote adolescent well-being, resilience, and development, and to rectify structural barriers and inequalities in opportunity, enabling all adolescents to flourish.
Download or read book The Handbook of Race Ethnicity Crime and Justice written by Ramiro Martinez, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-09-12 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Handbook presents current and future studies on the changing dynamics of the role of immigrants and the impact of immigration, across the United States and industrialized and developing nations. It covers the changing dynamics of race, ethnicity, and immigration, and discusses how it all contributes to variations in crime, policing, and the overall justice system. Through acknowledging that some groups, especially people of color, are disproportionately influenced more than others in the case of criminal justice reactions, the “War on Drugs”, and hate crimes; this Handbook introduces the importance of studying race and crime so as to better understand it. It does so by recommending that researchers concentrate on ethnic diversity in a national and international context in order to broaden their demographic and expand their understanding of how to attain global change. Featuring contributions from top experts in the field, The Handbook of Race and Crime is presented in five sections—An Overview of Race, Ethnicity, Crime, and Justice; Theoretical Perspectives on Race and Crime; Race, Gender, and the Justice System; Gender and Crime; and Race, Gender and Comparative Criminology. Each section of the book addresses a key area of research, summarizes findings or shortcomings whenever possible, and provides new results relevant to race/crime and justice. Every contribution is written by a top expert in the field and based on the latest research. With a sharp focus on contemporary race, ethnicity, crime, and justice studies, The Handbook of Race and Crime is the ideal reference for advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and scholars interested in the disciplines such as Criminology, Race and Ethnicity, Race and the Justice System, and the Sociology of Race.
