Download or read book Industrialisation Employment and Income Distribution written by Ronald Hsia and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-14 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1978. In spite of the wide recognition of Hong Kong’s successful growth record, little is known about the impact that rapid industrialisation has had on income distribution. The transformation of an entrepôt economy into an industrial one has been accompanied by a transition from a labour surplus to a labour shortage economy, which has had a profound influence on the distribution of income by size. The effect has been channelled through a number of variables such as the composition of employment by industry, occupational structure, labour force participation rate and wage structure. All these changes have, moreover, owed much to the existence of a market mechanism which has been virtually free from government intervention. Beginning with a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of the various characteristics of employment and the labour force on household income distribution, this study assesses the impact of Hong Kong’s industrialisation and employment growth on its income distribution. Through an analysis of the changes in industrial and occupational structures, employment status, household size, labour participation rate, inflow of labour and wage and employment structures, it considers not only how income distribution alters with economic development, but also the mechanism that has brought about these changes. The redistribution effect of government activities is examined and the incidence of particular taxes to different income groups is apportioned to give a clear overall picture. Finally, the benefits obtained from government expenditures on housing, education and health are measured and are allocated to different income groups, illustrating how this has appreciably reduced income inequality in Hong Kong.
Download or read book Industrialisation Employment and Income Distribution written by Ronald Hsia and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 1978 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Industrialisation employment and income distribution written by Ronald Hsia and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Industrialisation Employment and Income Distribution in Greece written by Dimitri A. Germidis and published by Development Centre of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development ; Washington : available from OECD Publications Center. This book was released on 1975 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Industrialization and Income Distribution in Africa written by J. F. Rweyemamu and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technological Progress Income Distribution and Unemployment written by Hideyuki Adachi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-01-04 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume develops original methods of analyzing biased technological progress in the theory and empirics of economic growth and income distribution. Motivated by sharp increases in wage and income inequalities in the world since the beginning of the new century, many macroeconomists have begun to realize the importance of biased technological changes. However, the comprehensive explanations have not yet appeared. This volume analyzes the effects of factor-biased technological progress on growth and income distribution and shows that long-run trends of the capital-income ratio and capital share of income consistent with Piketty’s 2014 empirical results emerge. Incorporating the modified version of induced innovation theory into the standard neoclassical growth model, it also explains the long-run fluctuations of growth and income distribution consistent with the data shown in Piketty. Introducing a wage-setting function, the neoclassical growth model is modified to account for unemployment as well as to examine the dynamics of unemployment and the labor share of income under biased technological progress. Applying a new econometric method to Japanese industrial data, the authors test the key assumptions employed and important results derived in the theoretical part of this book.
Download or read book Patterns of Industrialization and Impact on Employment and Incomes in African Countries written by A. A. Aboagye and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ILO pub-WEP pub-JASPA pub. Report on industrialization trends (1960-1980) and the effect on employment creation and income distribution in Ghana - reviews the manufacturing sector's contribution to gross domestic product, export earnings; examines industrial structure, ownership, location of industry, structural change, informal sector, size of enterprise, industrial policy, institutional framework, import substitution, rising capital intensiveness, foreign investment, wages, obstacles to industrialization; includes recommendations.
Download or read book Changes in Industrial Sector Employment and Income Distribution in Nonmetropolitan Communities written by Leonard Eugene Bloomquist and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Income Distribution Market Size and Industrialization written by Kevin M. Murphy and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When world trade is not free and costless, a less developed country can profitably industrialize only if its domestic markets are large enough. In such a country, for increasing returns technologies to break even, sales must be high enough to cover the set-up costs, This paper studies some determinants of the size of the domestic market, and focuses on two conditions conducive to industrialization. First, agriculture or exports must provide the source of autonomous demand for manufactures. Such expansion of autonomous demand usually results from increases in farm productivity or from opening of new export markets. Second, income generated in agriculture or exports must be broadly enough distributed that it materializes as demand for mass-produced domestic goods, and not just for luxuries. We resort to these two determinants of the size of domestic markets to interpret several historical development episodes.
Download or read book Patterns of Industrialization and Impact on Employment and Incomes in African Countries The case of Nigeria written by Jobs and Skills Programme for Africa and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Progress Report on Income Distribution and Employment written by World Employment Programme and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Employment Income Distribution and Development written by Frances Stewart and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-09-13 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First Published in 1975. These essays cover diverse topics on questions of employment, unemployment and income distribution in the Third World. The justification for collecting them into a single volume arises from the recent identification of the problem of employment in developing countries with that of income distribution.
Download or read book Income Distribution and High quality Growth written by Vito Tanzi and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The contributors argue that there need not be a trade-off between growth and equity in the long run. However, attempts by government to influence income distribution through large-scale tax and transfer programs can have a negative impact on growth. The contrast is vivid. While the majority of people in the industrial world and some in the developing world enjoy unprecedented affluence, a far greater number of people in the low-income countries live in abject poverty. Although several developing countries are achieving rapid economic growth and poverty reduction, most formerly centrally planned countries are struggling to implement market-oriented reforms in the midst of economic deterioration and rising poverty. The paramount importance of reducing poverty worldwide is forcing economists and policymakers to look at how income distribution and economic growth interact. The essays in this volume grew out of a 1995 conference sponsored by the International Monetary Fund. The contributors are scholars and policymakers from academic institutions, governments, and international organizations. The questions discussed include: How does income distribution interact with economic growth in the short run and the long run? To what extent can government use transfer programs to increase the incomes of the poor? How can government use social programs to help the poor increase their income-earning capacity? Does distributional inequality create an obstacle to long-term poverty reduction? Alternatively, is distributional inequality a necessary means of achieving economic growth? Generally, the contributors agree that there need not be a trade-off between growth and equity in the long run. However, attempts by government to influence income distribution through large-scale tax and transfer programs can have a negative impact on growth.
Download or read book Income Distribution in Historical Perspective written by Y. S. Brenner and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1991-10-03 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume a distinguished team of international contributors consider some of the central long-term issues raised by the problem of income distribution. The Kuznets curve--i.e. the notion that income distribution became increasingly unequal during the period of industrialization, and progressively less unequal during the twentieth century--lies at the center of much of the analysis, and its relevance is discussed in a wide-ranging series of articles covering the British, Belgian, German, Australian, Austrian and American experiences. This volume is the first in many years to take such a broad, comparative approach to income distribution, and makes an important and authoritative contribution to an area of perennial debate.
Download or read book Wages Employment Distribution and Growth written by E. Hein and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-02-07 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume challenges the view that unemployment is exclusively determined by structural characteristics of the labour market and the social benefit system. Macroeconomic policies and investment in capital stock are included in the analysis and are shown to have a major role to play.
Download or read book Employment Income Distribution and Development Strategy Problems of the Developing Countries written by NA NA and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-12-25 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Manufacturing Jobs and Inequality Why is the U S Experience Different written by Natalija Novta and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-09-13 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine the extent to which declining manufacturing employment may have contributed to increasing inequality in advanced economies. This contribution is typically small, except in the United States. We explore two possible explanations: the high initial manufacturing wage premium and the high level of income inequality. The manufacturing wage premium declined between the 1980s and the 2000s in the United States, but it does not explain the contemporaneous rise in inequality. Instead, high income inequality played a large role. This is because manufacturing job loss typically implies a move to the service sector, for which the worker is not skilled at first and accepts a low-skill wage. On average, the associated wage cut increases with the overall level of income inequality in the country, conditional on moving down in the wage distribution. Based on a stylized scenario, we calculate that the movement of workers to low-skill service sector jobs can account for about a quarter of the increase in inequality between the 1980s and the 2000s in the United States. Had the U.S. income distribution been more equal, only about one tenth of the actual increase in inequality could have been attributed to the loss of manufacturing jobs, according to our simulations.
