Download or read book INDUSTRIALISATION D UNE METHODE DE LOCALISATION DE DEFAUTS SUR CIRCUITS INTEGRES PAR CRISTAUX LIQUIDES written by PASCALE.. VERGUIN DULIEUX and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: L'EVOLUTION DRASTIQUE DE LA TECHNOLOGIE DE FABRICATION DES CIRCUITS INTEGRES REND DIFFICILE L'UTILISATION DES OUTILS D'ANALYSE CLASSIQUES. PARMI CES DERNIERS, LES CRISTAUX LIQUIDES PERMETTENT NEANMOINS LA LOCALISATION D'UN DEFAUT PHYSIQUE OU ELECTRIQUE SUR CIRCUIT INTEGRE. CETTE ETUDE A POUR OBJET DE PRECISER DANS QUELLES LIMITES ET SOUS QUELLES CONDITIONS LA METHODE DE TEST PAR CRISTAUX LIQUIDES RESTE VIABLE DANS UN ENVIRONNEMENT INDUSTRIEL. COMPAREE AUX OUTILS D'ANALYSE ACTUELLEMENT DISPONIBLES, CETTE METHODE, QUI AUTORISE A LA FOIS LA DETECTION DE POINTS CHAUDS ET LA VISUALISATION EN CONTRASTE DE POTENTIEL D'UN CIRCUIT EN FONCTIONNEMENT, REVELE UN TAUX DE COUVERTURE DE DEFAUTS ELEVE. SA LIMITE D'UTILISATION EN FREQUENCE EN FAIT UN OUTIL COMPLEMENTAIRE DU TEST PAR FAISCEAU D'ELECTRONS. MAIS LA MISE EN UVRE DES CRISTAUX LIQUIDES SOULEVE LES PROBLEMES DE LA FIABILITE ET DE LA REPRODUCTIBILITE DES MANIPULATIONS. AINSI, LA PRESENCE D'UN RELIEF EN SURFACE DU CIRCUIT SOUS TEST POURRA NUIRE A L'INTERPRETATION. DE MEME, LES ETAPES DE PREPARATION DE L'EXPERIENCE POURRONT METTRE EN PERIL LE CIRCUIT, SOUVENT UNIQUE, PRESENTANT LA DEFAILLANCE. AUSSI S'EFFORCERA-T-ON AU COURS DE CE TRAVAIL DE METTRE EN PLACE DES PROCEDES BIEN MAITRISES QUI MINIMISERONT LES RISQUES D'ERREURS. LA METHODE DE TEST PAR CRISTAUX LIQUIDES EST SUFFISAMMENT ATTRACTIVE POUR QUE L'ON S'ATTACHE A LA RENDRE FIABLE. ELLE PERMET EN EFFET LE TEST IN SITU DES COMPOSANTS DEFAILLANTS, CE QUI EVITE DE REPRODUIRE ARTIFICIELLEMENT LES CONDITIONS D'APPARITION DU DEFAUT AU RISQUE DE LE FAIRE DISPARAITRE, ET QUI AUTORISE L'UTILISATION DU PROGRAMME DE TEST NON MODIFIE D'UNE CARTE ELECTRONIQUE COMPLETE. C'EST CE QUI FAIT LA PARTICULARITE DE LA METHODE PAR RAPPORT AUX AUTRES DISPONIBLES ACTUELLEMENT. C'EST AUSSI L'ARGUMENT QUI A MOTIVE NOTRE CHOIX DANS UN CONTEXTE DE FABRICATION DE CARTES ELECTRONIQUES COMPLEXES
Download or read book Elaboration d une m thodologie de localisation de d fauts sur circuits int gr s logiques par test sous faisceau d lectrons application diff rentes fonctions lectroniques written by François Marc and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: UNE METHODOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE DE LOCALISATION DE DEFAUT PAR TEST SOUS FAISCEAU D'ELECTRONS POUR LES CIRCUITS INTEGRES LOGIQUES, APPLICABLE DANS LES SITUATIONS DE CONNAISSANCE MINIMALE DU CIRCUIT, A ETE DEVELOPPEE. CETTE METHODOLOGIE CONSISTE EN UNE DECOMPOSITION DE CHAQUE OBJECTIF EN OBJECTIFS PLUS SIMPLES, ASSOCIEE A UN CHOIX RIGOUREUX DES TECHNIQUES D'OBSERVATION ET DES SEQUENCES DE TEST EN FONCTION DU CIRCUIT TESTE, DU TESTEUR UTILISE, DES PHENOMENES PHYSIQUES LIMITANT LES PERFORMANCES, ET SURTOUT DE L'OBJECTIF. L'INTERET D'UNE TECHNIQUE DE LOCALISATION RAPIDE DE FONCTIONS INTERNES QUELCONQUES A CONDUIT AU DEVELOPPEMENT DE LA SELECTION DE SIGNAUX, PARTICULIEREMENT PERFORMANTE DANS CE DOMAINE. L'APPLICATION DE LA METHODOLOGIE A DES FAMILLES FONCTIONNELLES COURANTES A ENTRAINE LA CONSTRUCTION DE METHODOLOGIES SPECIFIQUES EXPLOITANT LES PARTICULARITES DE CES CIRCUITS. L'EFFICACITE ET LA RAPIDITE DE LA METHODOLOGIE SONT DEMONTREES PAR DES CAS REELS D'ANALYSES
Download or read book Localisation de d fauts dans les circuits int gr s complexes dont le dessin des masques est inconnu written by Romain Desplats and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CE MEMOIRE PRESENTE DES METHODES ET TECHNIQUES INNOVANTES POUR LA LOCALISATION DE DEFAUTS DANS LES CIRCUITS INTEGRES COMPLEXES DONT LE DESSIN DES MASQUES EST INCONNU. LES AVANCEES PROPOSEES REPONDENT A UN BESOIN RENCONTRE POUR L'ANALYSE DE DEFAILLANCE DES CIRCUITS COMMERCIAUX ET PROGRAMMABLES. UNE REVUE DE L'ETAT DE L'ART DES TECHNIQUES DE LOCALISATION PAR CONTRASTE DE POTENTIEL A MIS EN EVIDENCE L'ABSENCE DE TECHNIQUES OU METHODES POUR REPONDRE EFFICACEMENT ET DANS DES DELAIS BREFS A CE DEFI DE LOCALISATION. LE LOGICIEL IMAGE FAULT ANALYSIS (IFA) IMPLANTE SUR LES TESTEURS PAR FAISCEAU D'ELECTRONS IDS 5000 OFFRE LES BASES D'UNE METHODE DE LOCALISATION PAR COMPARAISON D'IMAGES ENTRE UN CIRCUIT DEFAILLANT ET UN CIRCUIT DE REFERENCE. EN S'APPUYANT SUR IFA, NOUS AVONS EVALUE DE FACON PRATIQUE ET THEORIQUE LA DUREE DE LOCALISATION ET LES PARAMETRES MIS EN JEUX, TELS QUE LA SURFACE DU CIRCUIT, LE NOMBRE DE VECTEURS ET LE TEMPS DE CHANGEMENT DE CIRCUITS. BASEES SUR CETTE ETUDE, NOUS AVONS DEVELOPPE DEUX APPROCHES : IFA DICHOTOMIE QUI RAMENE LA DUREE DE LOCALISATION DE PLUSIEURS MOIS AVEC IFA AUTOMATIQUE (METHODE DE BASE SUR L'IDS) A MOINS D'UNE SEMAINE (28 H MACHINE) POUR UN CIRCUIT PROGRAMMABLE FPGA D'UNE TAILLE DE 1 CM#2 ET IFA BACKTRACING QUI REDUIT CETTE DUREE A MOINS DE HUIT HEURES POUR LE MEME CIRCUIT DANS LE CAS D'UN FONCTIONNEMENT MARGINAL (LE MEME CIRCUIT PEUT ETRE MIS DANS UNE CONFIGURATION DEFAILLANTE OU FONCTIONNELLE). POUR ALLER PLUS LOIN ET REDUIRE ENCORE LA DUREE DE LA LOCALISATION, DES INFORMATIONS SUPPLEMENTAIRES ONT ALORS ETE INJECTEES PERMETTANT LE DEVELOPPEMENT D'APPROCHES NOVATRICES TELLES QUE : - LA LOCALISATION ASSISTEE PAR LE TEST I#D#D#Q, - LA LOCALISATION ASSISTEE PAR LA SIMULATION ELECTRIQUE POUR LE TEST INTERNE, - LA LOCALISATION ASSISTEE PAR LA GENERATION D'UN PSEUDO-LAYOUT. CETTE DERNIERE APPROCHE, DANS LE CAS D'UN CIRCUIT A1280 PERMET, GRACE A LA TECHNIQUE DE LA SELECTION DE SIGNAUX (QUE NOUS AVONS IMPLANTEE SUR L'IDS), DE S'AFFRANCHIR DE LA CONTRAINTE DU MODE IMAGE POUR ACCEDER AUX OUTILS DE NAVIGATION, SIMULATION ET MESURE COMME POUR UN ASIC POUR LEQUEL LE DESSIN DES MASQUES EST ACCESSIBLE.
Download or read book Contribution au d veloppement et la mise en place de techniques avanc es de localisation de d fauts dans les circuits int gr s en milieu industriel written by Abdellatif Firiti and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cette thèse a été effectuée au laboratoire RCCAL de STMicroelectronics Rousset en collaboration avec le CNES et le laboratoire IXL. Le but de ces travaux, réalisés exclusivement sur un site industriel, est de développer et de mettre en place des méthodes optiques de localisation de défaut dans les circuits intégrés (CI) sans contact et non destructives. Les techniques étudiées et développées sont l’émission de lumière, la stimulation thermique laser et la stimulation photoélectrique laser par la face avant et la face arrière des CI. La thématique principale de ces travaux est la localisation des défauts dans les circuits intégrés en milieu industriel. Les principaux sujets de recherche traités dans ce manuscrit sont :-l’état de l’art des techniques de localisation des défauts dans les CI,-le développement des techniques de préparation des échantillons,-le système PHEMOS-1000 (Hamamatsu),-l’interprétation des signatures obtenues par les techniques STL et SPL sur un circuit intégré à l’aide du PHEMOS-1000,-la compréhension et la quantification de l’interaction laser-circuit intégré, -et le développement et la mise en place d’un processus de localisation de défauts résistifs en 3 dimensions dans un CI. Les limitations des techniques de localisation et du PHEMOS-1000 sont établies. Les points d’améliorations encore possibles sur cet équipement sont listés. En perspective aux techniques d’analyses traitées au cours de cette thèse, plusieurs techniques émergente, comme les techniques optiques dynamiques, les techniques magnétiques les techniques dérivées de l'AFM ont été évaluées avec succès et annoncées comme étant un point clé pour l’avenir des laboratoires d’analyses de défaillance.
Download or read book M thodologie de localisation des d fauts soft dans les circuits int gr s mixtes et analogiques par stimulation par faisceau laser written by Magdalena Sienkiewicz and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cette thèse s'inscrit dans le domaine de la localisation de défauts de type «soft» dans les Circuits Intégrés (CI) analogiques et mixtes à l'aide des techniques dynamiques de stimulation laser en faible perturbation. Les résultats obtenus à l'aide de ces techniques sont très complexes à analyser dans le cas des CI analogiques et mixtes. Ce travail porte ainsi particulièrement sur le développement d'une méthodologie facilitant l'analyse des cartographies laser. Cette méthodologie est basée sur la comparaison de résultats de simulations électriques de l'interaction faisceau laser-CI avec des résultats expérimentaux (cartographies laser). L'influence des phénomènes thermique et photoélectrique sur les CI (niveau transistor) a été modélisée et simulée. La méthodologie a été validée tout d'abord sur des structures de tests simples avant d'être utilisée sur des CI complexes que l'on trouve dans le commerce.
Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Iran written by John Henry Lorentz and published by Historical Dictionaries of Asia, Oceania, and the Middle East. This book was released on 2007 with total page 570 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides an overview of specific events, movements, people, political and social groups, places, trends, and chronology. Allows for considerable exploration of a number of historical and contemporary topics and issues. The modern period, defined as 1800-present, is covered extensively.
Download or read book Metamorphoses written by Emanuele Coccia and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-06-09 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We are all fascinated by the mystery of metamorphosis – of the caterpillar that transforms itself into a butterfly. Their bodies have almost nothing in common. They don’t share the same world: one crawls on the ground and the other flutters its wings in the air. And yet they are one and the same life. Emanuele Coccia argues that metamorphosis – the phenomenon that allows the same life to subsist in disparate bodies – is the relationship that binds all species together and unites the living with the non-living. Bacteria, viruses, fungi, plants, animals: they are all one and the same life. Each species, including the human species, is the metamorphosis of all those that preceded it – the same life, cobbling together a new body and a new form in order to exist differently. And there is no opposition between the living and the non-living: life is always the reincarnation of the non-living, a carnival of the telluric substance of a planet – the Earth – that continually draws new faces and new ways of being out of even the smallest particle of its disparate body. By highlighting what joins humans together with other forms of life, Coccia’s brilliant reflection on metamorphosis encourages us to abandon our view of the human species as static and independent and to recognize instead that we are part of a much larger and interconnected form of life.
Download or read book Connected Objects in Health written by Laure Beyala and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-08-10 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Connected objects today present a range of opportunities in medicine. We live in a new digital era where the monitoring and analysis of one's own health information no longer belongs solely to the realm of science fiction. The success of these new devices resides in their usage, which integrates seamlessly into the daily life of the user in order to continually collect the maximum amount of data. These medical connected devices therefore constitute a new hope in transforming user experience as well as the care pathway. They offer a better level of support and a better quality of life for those suffering from chronic illnesses or mental, sensorial or physical disabilities. However, these solutions also pose systematic problems, especially regarding the risks linked to their usage. This book presents a cartography which clearly details all the potential risk scenarios linked to the usage of connected devices as well as the actions which should be undertaken to promote balanced governance and guarantee the development of high-quality medical devices. - Aims to help the reader understand the difference between a connected object and a medical connected device - Identifies and evaluates all the potential risks and perspectives associated with the use of connected medical devices - Shows how to make a comprehensive risk analysis with standards like ISO 31000 and 14971
Download or read book Historical Dictionary of Pakistan written by Shahid Javed Burki and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pakistan is unlike most other countries in the emerging world. It is one of the two nations – the other being the state of Israel – founded on the basis of religion. Although it was created to provide a homeland for the Muslim community of British India, in its original form it was able to accommodate only about half of the people of Islamic faith who lived in the subcontinent. Pakistan’s birth in 1947 resulted in one of the largest movements of people in human history when some 14 million people left their homes, with 8 million Muslims leaving India for what is now Pakistan and 6 million Hindus and Sikhs moving in the opposite direction. This was the first large-scale incidence of ethnic cleansing the world was to witness. --
Download or read book The Scale of Urban Change Worldwide 1950 2000 and Its Underpinnings written by David Satterthwaite and published by IIED. This book was released on 2005 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies Vol 13 2010 2011 written by Catherine Barnard and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2011-12-15 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies provides a forum for the scrutiny of significant issues in EU Law, the law of the European Convention on Human Rights, and Comparative Law with a 'European' dimension, and particularly those issues which have come to the fore during the year preceding publication. The contributions appearing in the collection are commissioned by the Centre for European Legal Studies (CELS) Cambridge, a research centre in the Law Faculty of the University of Cambridge specialising in European legal issues. The papers presented are at the cutting edge of the fields which they address, and reflect the views of recognised experts drawn from the University world, legal practice, and the institutions of both the EU and its Member States. Inclusion of the comparative dimension brings a fresh perspective to the study of European law, and highlights the effects of globalisation of the law more generally, and the resulting cross fertilisation of norms and ideas that has occurred among previously sovereign and separate legal orders. The Cambridge Yearbook of European Legal Studies is an invaluable resource for those wishing to keep pace with legal developments in the fast moving world of European integration. INDIVIDUAL CHAPTERS Please click on the link below to purchase individual chapters from Volume 13 through Ingenta Connect: www.ingentaconnect.com SUBSCRIPTION TO SERIES To place an annual online subscription or a print standing order through Hart Publishing please click on the link below. Please note that any customers who have a standing order for the printed volumes will now be entitled to free online access. www.hartjournals.co.uk/cyels/subs Editorial Advisory Board: Albertina Albors-Llorens, John Bell, Alan Dashwood, Simon Deakin, David Feldman, Richard Fentiman, Angus Johnston, John Spencer Founding Editors: Alan Dashwood and Angela Ward Ius Commune Prize 2012 Alexandre Saydé wrote Chapter 15 in this volume entitled: 'One Law, Two Competitions: An Enquiry into the Contradictions of Free Movement Law' and we are delighted to announce that he has been awarded the Ius Commune Prize 2012.
Download or read book The Open Work written by Umberto Eco and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1989 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is significant for its concept of "openness"--the artist's decision to leave arrangements of some constituents of a work to the public or to chance--and for its anticipation of two themes of literary theory: the element of multiplicity and plurality in art, and the insistence on literary response as an interaction between reader and text.
Download or read book At the Crossroads of Art and Religion written by Hetty Zock and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 'turn to the subject' in modernity, aesthetic experiences have become crucial in the creation of meaning. This explains why art and religion are becoming increasingly intermingled in late modern Western culture. The search for meaning is no longer confined to traditional religious settings and it is especially in art that people are looking for moral and spiritual significance. Religion is being aestheticised while art is being spiritualised. This volume contains studies on the interface between art and religion. Scholars from art studies, theology, philosophy and psychology of religion address the following questions: What psychological and religious functions does art fulfil? What are the similarities and differences between aesthetic and religious experiences? How does the aestheticising of religion affect theological thinking? How does the spiritualising of art affect artistic practices and theory? Case studies are taken from literature, visual art, film and opera, both from 'high' and popular culture. Among others, there are chapters on J.M. Coetzee's novel Waiting for the Barbarians, Richard Wagner's operas, the Harry Potter books and the concept of beauty from a theological perspective. The contributors all highlight the crucial role of human imaginative capabilities and the capacity of art to open up wider horizons of meaning.
Download or read book Talismans and Trojan Horses written by Christopher A. Faraone and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1992 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greek legends and historical accounts contain many references to special statues or images designed to preserve the safety or livelihood of a city, a business or a house. These images, which fall into two often overlapping categories (talismans and apotropaia), were erected according to special rituals and took on a variety of intriguing forms, including lions, locusts, and bound effigies of destructive deities like Ares. Looking closely at a wide variety of Greek texts and artifacts, Faraone provides a detailed description and survey of these images and then uses this information to provide new interpretations of early Greek myths about Pandora, the Trojan Horse, and the "living statues" created by Hephaestus. At each step he sets the Greek evidence in a wider eastern-Mediterranean context, with detailed discussions of Near Eastern and Egyptian practices that bear close resemblance to the Greek rituals. The study closes with a re-evaluation of the traditional scholarly approach to religious art as purely representational, suggesting that some images instead of simply illustrating the power of a god, were actually created to restrain and control the power of inimical supernatural forces such as plague-gods and ghosts. Focusing renewed attention on these often misinterpreted talismans and apotropaia, Talismans and Trojan Horses will be illuminating for scholars and students of classics, art and archaeology, religion, the Ancient Near East, the Bible, and mythology.
Download or read book On the God of Socrates written by Apuleius and published by . This book was released on 2017-04-12 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "On the God of Socrates" is a work on the existence and nature of demons, the intermediaries between gods and humans. This treatise was roughly attacked by Augustine of Hippo. It contains a passage comparing gods and kings which is the first recorded occurrence of the proverb "familiarity breeds contempt".Apuleius (/ˌ�pjᵿˈliːəs/; also called Lucius Apuleius Madaurensis and in Berber: Afulay c. 124 - c. 170 AD) was a Latin-language prose writer, platonist philosopher and rhetorian. He was a Numidian who lived under the Roman Empire and was from Madauros (now M'Daourouch, Algeria). He studied Platonism in Athens, travelled to Italy, Asia Minor, and Egypt and was an initiate in several cults or mysteries. The most famous incident in his life was when he was accused of using magic to gain the attentions (and fortune) of a wealthy widow. He declaimed and then distributed a witty tour de force in his own defense before the proconsul and a court of magistrates convened in Sabratha, near ancient Tripoli, Libya. This is known as the Apologia.His most famous work is his bawdy picaresque novel, the Metamorphoses, otherwise known as The Golden Ass. It is the only Latin novel that has survived in its entirety. It relates the ludicrous adventures of one Lucius, who experiments with magic and is accidentally turned into a donkey.
Download or read book Modeling Uncertainty in the Earth Sciences written by Jef Caers and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-05-25 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modeling Uncertainty in the Earth Sciences highlights the various issues, techniques and practical modeling tools available for modeling the uncertainty of complex Earth systems and the impact that it has on practical situations. The aim of the book is to provide an introductory overview which covers a broad range of tried-and-tested tools. Descriptions of concepts, philosophies, challenges, methodologies and workflows give the reader an understanding of the best way to make decisions under uncertainty for Earth Science problems. The book covers key issues such as: Spatial and time aspect; large complexity and dimensionality; computation power; costs of 'engineering' the Earth; uncertainty in the modeling and decision process. Focusing on reliable and practical methods this book provides an invaluable primer for the complex area of decision making with uncertainty in the Earth Sciences.
Download or read book Clean Energy Nation written by Gerald McNerney and published by AMACOM Div American Mgmt Assn. This book was released on 2012 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Americans are already feeling the pressures of the current energy situation, and many of us are ready to make a change. Clean Energy Nation is a timely and hopeful look at an issue we can't afford to ignore. --Book Jacket.
